Loading...

Messages

Proposals

Stuck in your homework and missing deadline? Get urgent help in $10/Page with 24 hours deadline

Get Urgent Writing Help In Your Essays, Assignments, Homeworks, Dissertation, Thesis Or Coursework & Achieve A+ Grades.

Privacy Guaranteed - 100% Plagiarism Free Writing - Free Turnitin Report - Professional And Experienced Writers - 24/7 Online Support

Experiment 4 gross anatomy of the muscular system

07/12/2021 Client: muhammad11 Deadline: 2 Day

Experiment 2: The Neuromuscular Junction

image5.jpgEach skeletal muscle is connected to the nervous system be motor end units. When the neurotransmitter acetylcholine is release at this site, the muscle fiber depolarizes. Calcium ions are released from stores in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The presence of Ca2+ triggers the ratcheting of actin and myosin filaments and the contraction of the myofiber as all of the myofibrils contract simultaneously.

Materials

Neuromuscular Junction Digital Slide Images Neuromuscular Junction (Longitudinal Section) Digital Slide Images

Procedure

1. Examine the digital slide images of the neuromuscular junction.

image1.png

Neuromuscular junction 100X.

image2.png

Neuromuscular Junction (Longitudinal Section) 1000X.

Post-Lab Questions

1. Identify the axon, terminal branches, and muscle fibers in the slide image below. If possible, trace the fiber to its terminus. image3.jpg

2. Are there few or many nuclei at the end plate?

3. What is a motor unit?

4. How is a greater force generated (in terms or motor unit recruitment)?

5. What types of sensors are present within the muscle to identify how much force is generated?

Experiment 3: Muscle Fatigue

Muscle contractions are essential for muscles to function properly. The inability of a muscle to maintain tension is muscle fatigue. Failure to contract may occur because of the accumulation of lactic acid, a lack of ATP, or decreased blood flow. In this exercise, you will investigate the correlation between repeated movements and muscle fatigue.

image6.jpg

Materials

Rubber Band

Stopwatch

Note: If you suffer from a medical condition that does not permit you to perform this activity, please ask a partner to volunteer for you.

Procedure

1. Hypothesize how many times you can stretch a rubber band between your thumb and pinky finger in 20 seconds. Record your predictions in the table below.

2. Using your dominant hand, count the number of times you can completely stretch a rubber band between the thumb and pinky finger in 20 seconds. Be sure to stretch the rubber band as far as possible each time and do not take a break in between trials.

3. Record your count for each trial in Table 1.

Table 1: Experimental Counts

Trial 1

Trial 2

Trial 3

Trial 4

Trial 5

Predicted Value

Actual Value

Post-Lab Questions

1. How did the predicted results compare to the actual results?

2. Did you notice any changes in the number of repetitions you could perform, or how your hand felt after each of the trials?

3. Explain the actions that were occurring at the cellular level to produce this movement. Include sources of energy and any possible effect of muscle fatigue.

4. Hypothesize what would happen if blood flow was restricted to the hand when this experiment is performed.

Experiment 4: Gross Anatomy of the Muscular System

image7.jpgMuscle actions are often described as a departure of the from the anatomical position of the body. In performing the next exercise, you will understand how muscles act to affect motion.

Materials

*Participant (can be yourself) *Heavy Object (approximately 5 pounds)

*You must provide

Procedure

1. Begin by examining muscles found in the upper limbs. First, extend your forearm so you have a clear view of your hand. What muscle is required to perform this extension? Extend your fingers out so they are straight and splayed apart. Then, retract your fingers into a tight fist. Repeat this motion several times, observing the wrist and hand muscles as the flex and relax. What muscles are used to complete this action? Record your observations in Table 2.

Note: It is helpful to palpate the area being flexed to better identify which muscles are being used.

2. Moving up the limb, extend your forearm out until it is parallel to the ground. Have a partner press down on your forearm. Flex your forearm to provide resistance as your partner pushes down. Observe the forearm and identify which muscles are being used. Record your observations in Table 2.

3. The partner should stop pushing down on your forearm, but keep it extended. Curl the forearm upward, creating a bend at the elbow. Observe which muscles are being used to complete this action, and record your observations in Table 2.

4. Find a heavy object, and pick it up. Keeping your arm straight, raise the object out to the side until it is parallel to the ground. What muscles does this require? Continue holding the object, and extend your arm back behind you. What muscles does this activate? Record your observations in Table 2.

Note: Be sure the heavy object is not too heavy before you lift it. This item should be approximately 5 - 10 pounds. This object should never be raised above your head!

5. Move down to the lower limbs, and determine what motions are needed to view the lower limb muscles in action. For example, you may want to walk, jump, sit, point your toes, etc. Engage at leave seven different muscles and indicate what motion was used to engage each muscle in Table 2.

Table 2: Gross Anatomy Data

Movement

Muscle(s) Activated

Action(s) of Muscle(s)

1. Forearm Extended (Step 1)

2. Fingers Extended and Splayed (Step 1)

3. Fingers Retracted (Step 1)

4. Forearm Pressed Down Upon (Step 2)

5. Elbow Bent (Step 3)

6. Arm Raised to Side with Heavy Object (Step 4)

7. Arm Extended Back with Heavy Object (Step 4)

8. (lower limbs; student selects action…)

9. (lower limbs; student selects action…)

10. (lower limbs; student selects action…)

11. (lower limbs; student selects action…)

12. (lower limbs; student selects action…)

13. (lower limbs; student selects action…)

14. (lower limbs; student selects action…)

Post-Lab Questions

1. Label the human muscle diagram.

image4.jpg

2. Which muscle(s) were used to extend your arm backwards?

3. Which muscle(s) were used to extend and splay your fingers outward?

Experiment 5: ATP and Muscle Fatigue

Muscles require energy to contract. Energy is released when biomolecules such as sugars and fats are broken down, and is stored in the form of ATP. ATP enables muscle contraction, but can only be stored in relatively small amounts. For this reason, the body must continually metabolize new ATP molecules.

image8.jpgMuscle fatigue occurs if the local ATP reservoir for a muscle becomes depleted. This is a common result of strenuous exercise in which ATP is consumed at a faster rate than it is produced. At this point, muscles may fail to contract and the intensity of an exercise must decrease. In this experiment, you will test how long it takes your muscles to fatigue.

Materials Stopwatch *Participant *Sturdy Wall to Stand Against

*You must provide

Procedure

1. To begin, find a wall that is strong enough for you to push against. A temporary wall (such as a partition panel) is not suitable.

2. Find the stopwatch and adjust the settings so it is ready to operate.

3. Stand with your back pressed up against the wall, and lower yourself into a "wall-sit". To do this:

a. Align the backs of your heels, hips, and shoulders with the wall.

b. Keeping your back pressed against the wall, take a few small steps forward (your upper half will lower as you walk your feet out).

c. Lower yourself into a sitting position, keeping your back flat against the wall, until your knees form a 90 degree angle.

d. Steady this position by focusing the majority of your weight in your heels. Do not allow your lower back to pull away from the wall.

4. Start the stopwatch and time how long you are able to hold the wall-sit position. The amount of time will vary, but will likely fall within approximately 30 - 120 seconds. When you are tired, check the time on the stopwatch, and move out of the position by slowly lowering your body down to the floor or standing up.

5. Record how long you were able to hold the wall-sit in Table 3.

6. Allow your muscles to rest for approximately two minutes, reset the stopwatch, and repeat Steps 3 - 5.

7. Again, allow your muscles to rest for approximately two minutes, reset the stopwatch, and repeat Steps 3 - 5. You should have three trials of data.

Table 3: Muscle Fatigue Data

Trial

Time (seconds)

Trial 1

Trial 2

Trial 3

Post-Lab Questions

1. What happened to the time intervals between Trial 1 and Trial 3? What caused this change?

2. Identify three muscles which were engaged during the wall-sit.

3. Explain the biochemical reasoning behind muscle fatigue.

Homework is Completed By:

Writer Writer Name Amount Client Comments & Rating
Instant Homework Helper

ONLINE

Instant Homework Helper

$36

She helped me in last minute in a very reasonable price. She is a lifesaver, I got A+ grade in my homework, I will surely hire her again for my next assignments, Thumbs Up!

Order & Get This Solution Within 3 Hours in $25/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 3 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

Order & Get This Solution Within 6 Hours in $20/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 6 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

Order & Get This Solution Within 12 Hours in $15/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 12 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

6 writers have sent their proposals to do this homework:

Writer Writer Name Offer Chat

Writers are writing their proposals. Just wait here to get the offers for your project...

Let our expert academic writers to help you in achieving a+ grades in your homework, assignment, quiz or exam.

Similar Homework Questions

Communicating at work 11th edition pdf download - Http www strategicbusinessinsights com vals surveynew shtml - Sailing the sea of osint in the information age - Accept and enrol mq - Mitsubishi heavy industries air conditioning manual - Translate mrna sequence into amino acid - Dulux natural white exterior - Pienso comprar aquellas camisas verdes - Amaranth bread machine recipes - The beatles eleanor rigby lyrics - Week 2 project - As a center of intellectual life and learning, timbuktu - Which of the following is not a function of hrm - Cop2270 - Unsw senior lecturer salary - Leadership development Plan - 18.1 sequences of transformations answers - 54 humphreys lane tallegalla - Master of professional accounting rmit - Ethics crime and criminal justice williams & arrigo - Potato food coloring experiment - The Application of Data to Problem-Solving - Second Rough Draft - Nrich factors and multiples - Chemical equation for iron - Bob lazar lie detector test - Functional english course syllabus - Discussion 3 - Child bankrupts make a wish foundation - Grasslin time clock wiring diagram - Competency Paper # 2: Policy Report - This is our story who was the killer - Liam o mahony auto repairs - A recent gallup poll conducted telephone interviews - Should cellphones be allowed in school essay - Tauranga new zealand postcode - Marketing myopia assignment - How does the production volume affect break even analysis - Selected comparative financial statements of korbin company follow - Alice 3 free download - Glossary of mining terms - Health Communication - Gift voucher management system - Annex 11 computerised systems - Paper assignment - Kingsmill crustless white bread - Stone keep castles advantages and disadvantages - Do leather gloves leave fingerprints - Evidence for a chemical change lab - Pbworks online team collaboration - Properties of quadrilaterals answer key - Fundamentals of Nursing - Carol hathaway wedding dress - Hygiene and sanitation in the bible - Essay #1: Ethics Lit. - Terrorist Financing - Owasp testing guide checklist - Miranda Rights - American musical supply dent and scratch - Www livetheorangelife com annual enrollment - Help - What is it like to be a bat pdf - Management information system of walmart - Discussion Question - Investment Portfolio Management Assignment - Richard taylor restoring pride pdf - What are language features - Waterproofing certificate template qld - Project Part 1 - Qut cite write apa - Planning gym based exercise session plan cv - Healthcare industry average financial ratios 2017 - How to find applied overhead cost - The nightingale and the rose character action - Create a scenario summary report excel 2013 - Value of cloud computing to a small organization - Natural law primary precepts - Scaruffi boards of canada - Emily hart maurice blackburn - According to prima facie deontologists, a moral duty is binding unless it - Desmond dawes medal of honor - Managerial economics and business strategy chapter 4 answers - Who is the audience of mother tongue by amy tan - The artichoke version of the self - Capstone Research Companion - Standard deviation bbc bitesize - Broadgreen hospital alexandra wing address - Animal pelt crossword clue - Strategic management competitiveness and globalisation ebook - Braidwood's academy for the deaf and dumb - The hedgehog french movie - Afi strategy framework example - Caroma spare parts adelaide - Internal and external threats to organizations - What language is 99 luftballons - Writing an observation report of a child - Urdu marsiya ka irtiqa - Please silence your cell phone announcement - Statistics Assignment. - 2-3 paragraph summary construction safety