Loading...

Messages

Proposals

Stuck in your homework and missing deadline? Get urgent help in $10/Page with 24 hours deadline

Get Urgent Writing Help In Your Essays, Assignments, Homeworks, Dissertation, Thesis Or Coursework & Achieve A+ Grades.

Privacy Guaranteed - 100% Plagiarism Free Writing - Free Turnitin Report - Professional And Experienced Writers - 24/7 Online Support

Flow through a venturi meter experiment lab report

08/10/2021 Client: muhammad11 Deadline: 2 Day

Engineering Lab Report Rephrase

only the

ABSTRACT

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

(APPENDIX B THEORY)

(APPENDIX C PROCEDURE)

that need to be rephrased

EGME-306B-06

Spring 2015

Engineering Report

EXPERIMENT #1

Flow Through A Venturi Meter

Using Water As The Working Fluid

(Ref. Experimental Data Group 02- Taken on Feb 6, 2015)

By

02/20/2015

TABLE OF CONTENTS

List of Symbols………...…………………………………………………………………………………………2

Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………………................3

Procedure………………………………………………………………………………………………….4

Theory……………………………………………………………………………………………………..5

Results……………………………………………………………………………………………………10

Sample Calculations………………………………………………………………………………………………18

Error Analysis…………………………………………………………………………………………………..22

Discussion………………………………………………………………………………………………..26

References………………………………………………………………………………………………..28

LIST OF SYMBOLS

………………………………………………………………………………………..Mass flow rate ()

……………………………………………………………………………………………..flow rate ()

………………………………………………………………………………………...Mass density ()

……………………………………………………………………………………………...…gravity ()

……………………………………………………………………………………..…inlet pressure ()

………………………………………………………………………………………….inlet velocity ()

…………………………………………………………………………………………...inlet area ()

………………………………………………………………...inlet throat height from datum point ()

………………………………………………………………………………………outlet pressure ()

………………………………………………………………………………………...outlet velocity ()

………………………………………………………………………………………….outlet area ()

……………………………………………………………….outlet throat height from datum point ()

C…………………………………………………….………………discharge coefficient (dimensionless)

c………………………………………………………………………………………...speed of sound ()

Re……………………………………………………………………...Reynold’s number (dimensionless)

M…………………………………………………………………………...Mach number (dimensionless)

ABSTRACT

The motivation of this laboratory experiment is to analyze the flow of a fluid passing through a Venturi meter. The scheme is to compare the experimental volumetric flow rate to the theoretical volumetric flow rate. Deriving the Venturi velocity formula from the Bernoulli and continuity equations attains the theoretical volumetric flow rate.

It was found that the assumption of a frictionless surface through the Venturi meter was incorrect. When the water flows there is a head loss, which causes dissipation of energy throughout the system. Other factors such as human error, air bubbles in the fluid, and calculation round-offs led to discrepancies in the data.

RESULTS SUMMARY

Table 1: Pressure in piezometer tube and distance the fluid elevated to in Venturi meter

Venturi data and Piezometer Station

Piezo tube H2O height at station X , hX in.± .1in.

Distance from end, X in.

Venturi diameter D in. at X

Piezo. Station

Run 1

Run 2

Run 3

Run 4

Run 5

Run 6

hA-hD≈10 inH20

hA-hD≈8 inH20

hA-hD≈6 inH20

hA-hD≈4 inH20

hA-hD≈2 inH20

hA-hD≈.6 inH20

0

1

A-

9.3

8.8

8.0

7.0

6.1

5.5

1.125

1

A

9.3

8.8

8.0

7.0

6.1

5.5

1.625

1

A+

9.3

8.8

8.0

7.0

6.1

5.5

1.875

0.906

B

8.9

8.3

7.7

6.9

6.0

5.4

2.375

0.719

C

5.4

5.3

5.4

5.3

5.3

5.2

2.625

0.6445

D-

0.2

0.8

1.9

3.0

4.1

4.9

2.9375

0.6445

D

0.2

0.8

1.9

3.0

4.1

4.9

3.25

0.6445

D+

0.2

0.8

1.9

3.0

4.1

4.9

3.5

0.652

E

0.7

1.2

2.2

3.1

4.2

4.9

3.875

0.705

F

3.4

3.6

3.9

4.3

4.7

5.0

4.5

0.759

G

4.9

4.9

5.0

5.1

5.1

5.1

5

0.813

H

5.9

5.9

5.6

5.5

5.3

5.2

5.5

0.866

K

6.7

6.4

6.1

5.8

5.5

5.5

6

0.92

L

7.1

6.9

6.5

6.0

5.6

5.3

6.75

1

M-

7.8

7.4

6.9

6.3

5.7

5.3

6.875

1

M

7.8

7.4

6.9

6.3

5.7

5.3

7.875

1

M+

7.8

7.4

6.9

6.3

5.7

5.3

Graph 1: Piezometer tube versus distance of fluid in Venturi meter

Graph 2: Volume flow rate versus the square root of the height difference

Graph 3: Ideal Volume Flow Rate versus Discharge Coefficient

Graph 4: Free Stream and Throat velocity versus actual volume flow rate

Graph 5: Free stream and throat Mach number versus actual volume flow rate

Graph 6: Free stream and throat Mach number versus actual volume flow rate

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

The Venturi meter is one of the most efficient systems with minimal error for use in experimentation surfaces. In comparison to the sharp-edged orifice of flow nozzle, the Venturi meter shows the most minimal head loss caused by friction and heat.

Analyzing the data acquired, the values attained for velocity and volumetric flow rate are in correlation with the Venturi meter experiment. There were slight deviations that occurred in conducting the experiment due to realistic conditions; thus, compared to the calculated values where ideal conditions were taken into account. The factors such as heat loss and friction affected the system and prevented the ideal-condition results. Another factor affecting the measurements is the readings taken from the manometer are the students’ readings, they may not have been as accurate as possible which have resulted in a percentage error.

Contained in the “Results” section the dimensionless measurements of Reynolds number and the discharge coefficient show the Reynolds number increases and so does the discharge coefficient. This concludes that the larger the cross-sectional area the more efficient the system becomes, this is true for a certain ratio.

Errors cannot be completely avoided therefore a margin of error is expected given the high possibility of factors affecting error. In our attempt to eliminate all air bubbles, it appeared as if they were all gone but our visual judgment only goes so far, causing small errors in data collected. Other errors arise in the contents of the water such as impurities; even though the water was distilled, the distillations might not have been 100% effective. Due to the minimal amount of theoretical background, an error in precision is inevitable. Calculation round-offs are another contributing factor in our error margin.

APPENDICES

APPENDIX A

EXPERIMENTAL DATA

APPENDIX B

THEORY

A Venturi meter is an instrument used to measure the flow rate through a pipe. The design includes divergent and convergent sections, which change the flow velocity of the fluid for experimental purposes. Below, in figure one, the setup for the experiment includes two tanks, one for the fluid storage, and the metal tank is for the collected fluid, which has passed through the Venturi meter and pipe.

Venturi meters are commonly preferred over other meters due to their minimal head loss corresponding to its streamline design. In the system, there is no loss of mass and the fluid is in steady flow throughout the experiment, therefore, the conservation of mass equation can be applied to the Venturi meter experiment:

Figure 2 – Venturi Meter

The mass flow at i and j are equal. Water is considered incompressible; therefore, the equation can be simplified:

From the equation it can be concluded that velocity decreases and increases at the diverging and converging sections, respectively, compensating for the continuity of mass.

To calculate pressure, piezometer tubes are integrated in the Venturi meter system. Using the Bernoulli’s equation, for steady, incompressible frictionless flow along a streamline gives a relationship between the constant measure of total energy in a system with static pressure, kinetic energy, and potential energy of a flow. Consider a fluid flowing through the pipe having reached equilibrium state, the fluid in the piezometer tube is a non-flow static condition, velocity equals zero. Under these conditions, the Bernoulli equation reduces to:

The expression gives the relationship between the change in pressure and change in elevation of a fluid within the tube. Utilizing the results achieved for the expressions for mass continuity and hydrostatic balance on a fluid column, and the linear momentum equation, the velocities for the Venturi meter at each station can be calculated. The linear momentum equation is:

All Venturi meters part of the experiment had an equal elevation; therefore, the equation can be simplified.

And since,

Then,

APPENDIX C

PROCEDURE

The equipment of the experiment consists of a flow bench, which allows water to flow through the Venturi meter. Under the flow bench a weighing tank is attached to one end of a lever where weight is added in order to calculate mass flow rate. Before beginning the experiment, the apparatus was calibrated by the lab technician. Air bubbles inside the system can cause discrepancies in the data; therefore, the flow control and bench supply valves were slightly opened by the technician to allow the water to flow and eliminate the air bubbles within the system.

In the next step we closed the apparatus flow control valve and opened the air purge valve on the manifold to allow the water to rise into the piezometer tube. The height of the water was recorded on our data sheets. Each team member was assigned a task prior to conducting the experiment; this allowed the experiment to flow smoothly. Once everyone was ready, the apparatus flow control valve was opened all the way.

The timer was started when the valve was opened, when the arm holding the weight rose, time was recorded and 4 lbs. were added each time until a total of 20 lbs. Knowing the amount of water it took to fill the tank and the time elapsed, we were able to determine the mass flow rate. At the end of the trial, the new piezometer tube pressures were carefully noted and the experiment was conducted again, six times. Different flow rates were collected at each trial.

APPENDIX D

CALCULATIONS

APPENDIX E

ERROR ANALYSIS

APPENDIX F

REFERENCES

1. Engineering 306B –Unified Laboratory Manual

2. Fox and McDonald’s Introduction to Fluid Mechanics (8th Edition)

3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venturi_effect

4. http://www.hendersons.co.uk/wms/venturi_principle.html

Pressure vs. Distance

Run 1 0.0 1.125 1.625 1.875 2.375 2.625 2.9375 3.25 3.5 3.875 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.75 6.875 7.875 9.3 9.3 9.3 8.9 5.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.7 3.4 4.9 5.9 6.7 7.1 7.8 7.8 7.8 Run 2 0.0 1.125 1.625 1.875 2.375 2.625 2.9375 3.25 3.5 3.875 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.75 6.875 7.875 8.8 8.8 8.8 8.3 5.3 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.2 3.6 4.9 5.9 6.4 6.9 7.4 7.4 7.4 Run 3 0.0 1.125 1.625 1.875 2.375 2.625 2.9375 3.25 3.5 3.875 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.75 6.875 7.875 8.0 8.0 8.0 7.7 5.4 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.2 3.9 5.0 5.6 6.1 6.5 6.9 6.9 6.9 Run 4 0.0 1.125 1.625 1.875 2.375 2.625 2.9375 3.25 3.5 3.875 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.75 6.875 7.875 7.0 7.0 7.0 6.9 5.3 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.1 4.3 5.1 5.5 5.8 6.0 6.3 6.3 6.3 Run 5 0.0 1.125 1.625 1.875 2.375 2.625 2.9375 3.25 3.5 3.875 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.75 6.875 7.875 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.0 5.3 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.7 5.1 5.3 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.7 Run 6 0.0 1.125 1.625 1.875 2.375 2.625 2.9375 3.25 3.5 3.875 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.75 6.875 7.875 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.4 5.2 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.5 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3
Distance (in.)

Homework is Completed By:

Writer Writer Name Amount Client Comments & Rating
Instant Homework Helper

ONLINE

Instant Homework Helper

$36

She helped me in last minute in a very reasonable price. She is a lifesaver, I got A+ grade in my homework, I will surely hire her again for my next assignments, Thumbs Up!

Order & Get This Solution Within 3 Hours in $25/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 3 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

Order & Get This Solution Within 6 Hours in $20/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 6 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

Order & Get This Solution Within 12 Hours in $15/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 12 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

6 writers have sent their proposals to do this homework:

Top Writing Guru
Homework Guru
ECFX Market
Helping Engineer
Supreme Essay Writer
Best Coursework Help
Writer Writer Name Offer Chat
Top Writing Guru

ONLINE

Top Writing Guru

I have read your project details. I can do this within your deadline.

$33 Chat With Writer
Homework Guru

ONLINE

Homework Guru

I have read your project details. I can do this within your deadline.

$27 Chat With Writer
ECFX Market

ONLINE

ECFX Market

Hello, I an ranked top 10 freelancers in academic and contents writing. I can write and updated your personal statement with great quality and free of plagiarism

$46 Chat With Writer
Helping Engineer

ONLINE

Helping Engineer

I will cover all the points which you have mentioned in your project details.

$38 Chat With Writer
Supreme Essay Writer

ONLINE

Supreme Essay Writer

Hello, I an ranked top 10 freelancers in academic and contents writing. I can write and updated your personal statement with great quality and free of plagiarism

$34 Chat With Writer
Best Coursework Help

ONLINE

Best Coursework Help

You can award me any time as I am ready to start your project curiously. Waiting for your positive response. Thank you!

$33 Chat With Writer

Let our expert academic writers to help you in achieving a+ grades in your homework, assignment, quiz or exam.

Similar Homework Questions

Praying mantis life cycle diagram - Colonial adventure tours sql - Norman petty trio recipe for happiness - Emerson measurement and analytical - Atypical presentation of mi - Boy roald dahl summary - Itt tech admission requirements - Whats ethos pathos logos - Pauls online notes calc 1 - Mitosis under the microscope worksheet answers - The role of risk in change management - Introduction to java programming and data structures 11th edition pdf - Virtual owl pellet dissection answers - Management Fundamentals (immie) - 2014 hospitality hsc exam - 650 word memo soc 350 - How to use violet uml editor - Effective training systems strategies and practices pdf - Wk#3 Research paper - 308 london bus route - Explain the difference between lan and wan firewall rules - With what does the major moral theory known as virtue ethics primarily concern itself? - 5 year old well child soap note - What author saw hypocrisy in the lives of the puritans? - Character description of oliver twist - References available on request - Self theory response - I don't really know (I just need help with these two steps! - Google maps api mysql - Woodlands quaker care home - Miguel y maru están muy cansados - Full body workout plan pdf - What is the goodell's sign - Universidad de guanajuato ranking - Space gass truss analysis - Difference matters allen - Michael sadler industrial revolution - How to test a slip ring motor - What is intellectual traits - University of bath student union - Bilby facts national geographic - Social Work & Cultural Values - Intro to Social Work - Dowclene 1601 safety data sheet - The space shuttle orbiter utilizes the oxidation - Invitation to consultation meeting template - Cpr test study guide - How many ounces is 50grams - Iphone 6 plus upgrade program - 14608 rudolph dadey dr charlotte nc 28277 - Business - Affirmative action presentation - Nursing teaching plan for teenage pregnancy - Art at linden gate - Can you grow vanilla in australia - Deep perineal pouch female - Criminal justice decision making model steps - Past tense of spread - Assignment 3 - Ritz carlton hotel company case study analysis - Executive Practical Connection Assignment - Children and their development 7th edition pdf free - Wk8-15 - As level grade boundaries 2016 - Uts student centre call - Stronghold crusader hd tips - Air force referral epr examples - CC W 5 D - How to unclasp a rolex - Case Study - Antes yo no (conocer) a ninguno de mis vecinos (neighbors). - Gx gallup com gue gx - Ais aquatic and fitness centre - Harvey norman te rapa - Why do elephants have ivory tusks worksheet answers - Business case versus business plan - Scor level 2 metrics - Gas laws virtual lab answer key - World History - Agile release train uses which type of teams - Amare safety seven hills - Managing operations across the supply chain 4th edition pdf - 3 Page APA on Ethics - Vitamin water revive label morse code - 0.073 as a fraction - Therapy for Clients With Personality Disorders - Balancing chemical equations worksheets - Narrative essay - Depriester chart how to read - Quotes from julius caesar - Stop frame animation lgfl - Gotham deserves a better class of criminal - How to calculate percentage remaining - Garage, inc., has identified the following two mutually exclusive projects: - What are the societal norms related to social media use - Rvc accelerated vet med - Charging by friction definition - How to factorise and simplify algebraic fractions - Ex2200 24t 4g dc - Victim facilitation - What is the difference between catabolism and metabolism