Gastric bypass the foamies explanation

For each question, answer either a or b

- use class materials and textbooks only

- Two required textbooks:

- Madeleine Drexler, Emerging Epidemics: The Menace of New Infections. New York: Penguin Books, 2010).

- David Quammen, Spillover: Animal Infections and the Next Human Pandemic. New York: W.W. Norton and Co., 2012

- attached one of the textbook and some other class materials

GEOG 380, SPRING 2019

Take-home final essays

For each question, answer either a or b. Do not attempt to answer both parts. Your answers should be formatted as double spaced, 12 point documents. Answers to each question must not exceed two double spaced pages . Make sure that you indicate which question you are answering. Your answers will be graded on the basis of their completeness, analysis, use of evidence, organization, and writing quality. You should be able to answer these based on the class material—lecture, sections, and readings. Do not, under any circumstances, consult others in developing your answers. This should entirely represent your own work and thinking. When you cite written work, it is fine to refer to “Quammen, p. 12”, or “as Quammen argued”, for example. Remember that you *must* adhere strictly to the UW’s policy on academic misconduct, as we have emphasized in this class ( https://www.washington.edu/cssc/for-students/academic-misconduct/ )

Answers must be submitted to Canvas by Monday June 10, 2019, at 5 pm.

I.

The Institute of Medicine issued two major reports that identified the “factors of emergence” of emerging infectious disease. Answer one of the following two questions. Make sure that you use both readings and class session materials in answering these questions

a) Apply the factors of emergence from either of the reports to a disease of your choice, to explain the emergence/re-emergence of that disease.

b) Dr. Mayer argues that most of the factors are social rather than biological. Support or refute this argument, using specific examples.

2.

Cross-species transmission, or “spillover”, is a significant cause of new disease in humans. Describe the ecological and social conditions that led to this disease’s introduction into the human population, using as an example either (pick only one):

a) Ebola,

or,

b) HIV.

3.

Antibiotic/antimicrobial resistance is a significant threat to human and animal health (pick one question).

Describe how antibiotic resistance is accidentally encouraged in different human and animal environments (use specific examples). How can we change each of these behaviors to discourage the acceleration of antimicrobial resistance?

Where does the majority of antimicrobial resistance appear to come from? Describe specific industries or scenarios that allow resistance to develop, and explain the chain of events that may result in antimicrobial resistant infections in human and animal populations.