Gentle Ben is a Morgan horse at a Colorado dude ranch. Over the past 8 weeks, a veterinarian took the following glucose readings from this horse (in mg/100 ml). 92 87 80 103 98 108 86 88 The sample mean is x ≈ 92.8. Let x be a random variable representing glucose readings taken from Gentle Ben. We may assume that x has a normal distribution, and we know from past experience that σ = 12.5. The mean glucose level for horses should be μ = 85 mg/100 ml.† Do these data indicate that Gentle Ben has an overall average glucose level higher than 85? Use α = 0.05. (a) What is the level of significance? State the null and alternate hypotheses. Will you use a left-tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed test? H0: μ = 85; H1: μ > 85; right-tailed 85; H1: μ = 85; right-tailed H0: μ = 85; H1: μ ≠ 85; two-tailed H0: μ > H0: μ = 85; H1: μ < 85; left-tailed (b) What sampling distribution will you use? Explain the rationale for your choice of sampling distribution. The Student's t, since n is large with unknown σ. The standard normal, since we assume that x has a normal distribution with unknown σ. The Student's t, since we assume that x has a normal distribution with known σ. The standard normal, since we assume that x has a normal distribution with known σ. What is the value of the sample test statistic? (Round your answer to two decimal places.) (c) Find (or estimate) the P-value. (Round your answer to four decimal places.) Sketch the sampling distribution and show the area corresponding to the P-value. (d) Based on your answers in parts (a) to (c), will you reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis? Are the data statistically significant at level α? At the α = 0.05 level, we reject the null hypothesis and conclude the data are statistically significant. At the α = 0.05 level, we reject the null hypothesis and conclude the data are not statistically significant. At the α = 0.05 level, we fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude the data are statistically significant. At the α = 0.05 level, we fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude the data are not statistically significant. (e) State your conclusion in the context of the application. There is sufficient evidence at the 0.05 level to conclude that Gentle Ben's glucose is higher than 85 mg/100 ml. There is insufficient evidence at the 0.05 level to conclude that Gentle Ben's glucose is higher than 85 mg/100 ml. 11.–/8 pointsBBUnderStat11 8.1.021. Ask Your Teacher My Notes Bill Alther is a zoologist who studies Anna's hummingbird (Calypte anna).† Suppose that in a remote part of the Grand Canyon, a random sample of six of these birds was caught, weighed, and released. The weights (in grams) were as follows. 3.7 2.9 3.8 4.2 4.8 3.1 The sample mean is x = 3.75 grams. Let x be a random variable representing weights of hummingbirds in this part of the Grand Canyon. We assume that x has a normal distribution and σ = 0.72 gram. Suppose it is known that for the population of all Anna's hummingbirds, the mean weight is μ = 4.40 grams. Do the data indicate that the mean weight of these birds in this part of the Grand Canyon is less than 4.40grams? Use α = 0.05. (a) What is the level of significance? State the null and alternate hypotheses. Will you use a left-tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed test? H0: μ = 4.4 g; H1: μ ≠ 4.4 g; two-tailed H0: μ = 4.4 g; H1: μ < 4.4 g; left-tailed H0: μ < 4.4 g; H1: μ = 4.4 g; left-tailed H0: μ = 4.4 g; H1: μ > 4.4 g; right-tailed (b) What sampling distribution will you use? Explain the rationale for your choice of sampling distribution. The standard normal, since we assume that x has a normal distribution with known σ. The Student's t, since we assume that x has a normal distribution with known σ. Student's t, since n is large with unknown σ. The The standard normal, since we assume that x has a normal distribution with unknown σ. What is the value of the sample test statistic? (Round your answer to two decimal places.) (c) Find (or estimate) the P-value. (Round your answer to four decimal places.) Sketch the sampling distribution and show the area corresponding to the P-value.