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Lab 7 The Muscular System BIO201L
Student Name: Click here to enter text.
Access Code (located on the lid of your lab kit): Click here to enter text.
Pre-Lab Questions
”1. How do banding patterns change when a muscle contracts?”
Click here to enter text. ”2. What is the difference between a muscle organ, a muscle fiber, myofibril and a myofilament? ”
Click here to enter text. ”3. Outline the molecular mechanism for skeletal muscle contraction. At what point is ATP used and why? ”
Click here to enter text. ”4. Explain why rigor mortis occurs. ”
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Experiment 1: Tendons and Ligaments
Post-Lab Questions
”1. Label the arrows in the slide images below based on your observations from the experiment. ”
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B- Click here to enter text. C- Click here to enter text.
D- Click here to enter text. E- Click here to enter text.
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Experiment 1 Post Lab Tendon Muscle Insertion Labeling Image 1
Experiment 1 Post Lab Tendon Muscle Insertion Labeling Image 2
”2. How does the extra cellular matrix of connective tissues contribute to its function? ”
Click here to enter text. ”3. Why are tendons and ligament tissues difficult to heal? ”
Click here to enter text. ”4. What difference do you see between the tendon – muscle insertion image and the tendon image? ”
Click here to enter text. ”5. What differences do you see between the tendon and ligament sections? ” Click here to enter text.
Experiment 2: The Neuromuscular Junction
Post-Lab Questions
”1. Are there few or many nuclei at the end plate? ”
Click here to enter text. ”2. What is a motor unit? ”
Click here to enter text. ”3. How is a greater force generated (in terms or motor unit recruitment)? ”
Click here to enter text. ”4. What types of sensors are present within the muscle to identify how much force is generated? ” Click here to enter text.
Experiment 3: Muscle Fatigue
Table 2: Experimental Counts
Trial 1
Trial 2
Trial 3
Trial 4
Trial 5
Predicted Value
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Actual Value
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Post-Lab Questions
”1. How did the predicted results compare to the actual results? ”
Click here to enter text. ”2. Did you notice any changes in the number of repetitions you could perform, or how your hand felt after each of the trials? ”
Click here to enter text. ”3. Explain the actions that were occurring at the cellular level to produce this movement. Include sources of energy and any possible effect of muscle fatigue. ”
Click here to enter text. ”4. Hypothesize what would happen if blood flow was restricted to the hand when this experiment is performed. ”
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Experiment 4: Gross Anatomy of the Muscular System
Table 3: Gross Anatomy Data
Movement
Muscle(s) Activated
Action(s) of Muscle(s)
Forearm Extended (Step 1)
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Fingers Extended and Splayed (Step 1)
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Fingers Retracted (Step 1)
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Forearm Pressed Down Upon (Step 2)
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Elbow Bent (Step 3)
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Arm Raised to Side with Heavy Object (Step 4)
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Arm Extended Back with Heavy Object (Step 4)
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(lower limbs; student selects action…)
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(lower limbs; student selects action…)
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(lower limbs; student selects action…)
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(lower limbs; student selects action…)
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(lower limbs; student selects action…)
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(lower limbs; student selects action…)
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(lower limbs; student selects action…)
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Post-Lab Questions
Label the human muscle diagram.
A - Click here to enter text.
B - Click here to enter text.
C - Click here to enter text.
D - Click here to enter text.
E - Click here to enter text.
F - Click here to enter text.
G - Click here to enter text.
H - Click here to enter text.
Which muscle(s) were used to extend your arms backward?
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Which muscle(s) were used to extend and splay your fingers outward? Click here to enter text.
Experiment 5: ATP and Muscle Fatigue
Table 4: Muscle Fatigue Data
Trial
Time (seconds)
Trial 1
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Trial 2
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Trial 3
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Post-Lab Questions
”1. What happened to the time intervals between Trial 1 and Trial 3? What caused this change? ”
Click here to enter text. ”2. Identify three muscles which were engaged during the wall-sit. ”
Click here to enter text. ”3. Explain the biochemical reasoning behind muscle fatigue. ”
Click here to enter text. Experiment 6: The Virtual Model – The Muscular System (Upper Body)
Insert screenshot of the latissimus dorsi muscle:
Insert screenshot of the greater pectoral muscle:
Insert screenshot of the brachial muscle:
Post-Lab Questions
”1. What is the scientific term for the muscles of the mouth? ”
Click here to enter text. ”2. What is the scientific name of the muscle that facilitates the raising of the lower lip? Is it on the ventral or dorsal side of the body?
Click here to enter text. ”3. Which muscle is deeper in the body: the internal oblique muscle or the transverse abdominal muscle?
Click here to enter text. 4. Is the trapezius muscle located in the abdomen, back, head, neck or thorax? ”
Click here to enter text. ”5. What muscle is more medial, the deltoid muscle or the greater pectoral muscle?
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Experiment 7: The Virtual Model – The Muscular System (Lower Body)
Insert screenshot of the semitendinous muscle:
Insert screenshot of the soleus muscle:
Insert screenshot of the gracilis muscle:
Post-Lab Questions
1. What is the role of the long extensor muscle of the toes? Which toes does it control?
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What is an adductor muscle? List three examples of adductor muscles here.
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Is the gracilis muscle located in the foot, hip, leg, or thigh muscle group?
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Relate the location of the semitendinous muscle and the greater gluteal muscle.
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Which muscle is most distal: the pectineal muscle, the soleus muscle, or the abductor muscle of the great toe? Click here to enter text.
Experiment 8: Fetal Pig Dissection - Muscular System
Table 5: Experimental Data
Muscle
Origin
Insertion
Movement
Pectoralis major
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Latissimus dorsi
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Deltoids
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Rectus abdominis
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Transverse abdominis
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Gluteus medius
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Post-Lab Questions
”1. Describe the tissue that covers muscles. ”
Click here to enter text. ”2. How many layers of abdominal muscle are there? ”
Click here to enter text. ”3. What direction do the muscle fibers of the external oblique run? ”
Click here to enter text. ”4. Why are muscle fibers considered excitable? ”
Click here to enter text. ”5. Why is it important to have both flexors and extensors? ”
Click here to enter text. ”6. How can muscle mass be influenced by training or age? ”
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”Insert image of pig with skin removed with your name and kit code clearly visible in the background: ”
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