How to avoid framing bias

Here are 4 discussion posts made by students needing responses. Must be APA format, 12 pt font, intext citations, 1 legitimate, verifiable source per response, responses must be 150+ words answered thoroughly. I need at least one done every night by 10pm, first one due by tomorrow, Wendesday November 20 ,2019 @ 10 pm and so on until the last one Sunday @ 10 pm. Use course material for references.

Post#1

Ronday Wilson Framing is the second step in the Modified Decision Quality (MDQ) model. It is the first link in the decision chain as it sets the foundation for what needs to be decided. “Framing a decision is finding the right subject to focus on” (Nicole & Roger, 2019). Needless to say, it is crucial to get the frame right as all decisions will be based on the frame. Framing consists of three parts: purpose, scope & perspective. The purpose is the goal of the decision. The purpose ought to contain the objectives too. The objectives are not the solutions to the problem but are the people or things that the decisions will affect. For instance, in the case of PPO, an objective could be the factories. The decision will affect them. The scope is the inventory of information that is necessary and the exclusion of information that is not. Perspective is the point of view of the person that is making the decision. Collectively they set the stage (or frame) of the decision. One bias that comes to mind is framing bias. This occurs with someone makes a decision based on how the information was presented to them. “Framing bias refers to the tendency of decision makers to be influenced by the way that a situation or problem is presented” (Faulty Decision Making, n.d., para. 5). As the first link in the decision chain all decision makers must be aware of this bias. By accepting this bias one allows their perfective to be tainted by the person who is framing it. “Our decisions stop being objective when our emotions and biases begin to interfere with our evaluations” (DeMers, 2015, para. 4). Additionally, there are decision traps. A common decision trap would be to be aware of how perspective of others as they would want you to see the situation based on how they framed it. “Sometimes others provide a frame that leads you to see things from their perspective” (Nicole & Roger, 2019). While making decisions, it is important to keep an objective view so that the decision is not affected by either any biases or and decision traps. Considering the following decision statement: “In responding to CAPO’s attacks, how will PPO keep their customers and continue to make money,” I would say that the purpose would be maintain their current clientele and revenue though they are faced with a problem that will reduce their production of palm oil. The scope would include, the aging factories, the to replant and the protests from CAPO while the scope would exclude the government certificate (they don’t have the money for it). The perspective would be from the point of view of someone who understands that they have to walk a tightrope. They need to appease CAPO yet find a way to continue making money. Reference DeMers, J. (2015, April 28). 7 Strategies for Making Objective Decisions. Retrieved from https://www.inc.com/jayson-demers/7-strategies-for-making-objective-decisions.html Faulty Decision Making (n.d.). Retrieved October 29, 2019, from https://saylordotorg.github.io/text_organizational-behavior-v1.1/s15-03-faulty-decision-making.html. Nicole & Roger. [Decision Education Foundation] (2019, May 24). Episode 6 It's Your Choice: Look at it This Way (IYC). [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gnzwz3ZwiC4

Post#2

Donovan Sanchez

There are three components to “Framing the Decision”, that include the purpose, scope, and perspective. The first component is the scope which is used to define what you want to achieve by making a decision. The second part of the framing process is the scope. The scope should define needs to included and excluded in the decision. The final part of framing the decision is the perspective which is basically your point of view. Roger explains the framing process well in Episode 9 when he states;

"The three main components of a decision frame are purpose, perspective and scope. Perspective is where you stand in relation to a decision. Your perspective affects your ability to predict what might happen as a result of your decision. Scope identifies the appropriate size and boundaries of a decision” (Decision Education Foundation, 2019. P.4, para. 4).

There are biases and traps that should be avoided while framing a decision. Anchoring is a bias and trap that should be avoided. In practice what usually happens when you have a perspective that’s too narrow or not flexible is you get stuck on one point of view and don't consider other ways of thinking about a problem and then this can lead to missing important information and alternatives (Decision Education Foundation, 2019 p.1, para. 3).

Reference:

Decision Education Foundation. (2019, May 24). It's your choice episode 6. Retrieved from https://www.decisioneducation.org/its-your-choice-episode-6

Decision Education Foundation. (2019, May 24). It's your choice episode 9. Retrieved from https://www.decisioneducation.org/its-your-choice-episode-9

Post#3

Joseph Gilbert

Explain what “Framing the Decision” means in terms of the three components. You do this by addressing, discussing and supporting each of the terms - purpose, scope, and perspective (MDQ model). Discuss the biases and traps that must be avoided in Framing the Decision.

Framing a decision is choosing the subject to focus on and why they are making a decision. (Decision Education Foundation, n.d.). In this case, CAPO is attacking PPO which could drive away customers. PPO’s customers want to purchase from sustainably sourced palm oil companies. The objective of PPO is to give the customers what they want, but to do so, they need to switch to sustainable palm oil to eliminate the threats of CAPO. The scope is to identify what decisions are applicable to the problem and places them in a timeline. (Decision Education Foundation, n.d.).

Explain the meaning and purpose in using objectives in the MDQ model. Discuss the specific biases and traps that must be avoided.

The objective in the MDQ is to identify the desired outcome. One trap is a thrown frame trap which leads people to see from the perspectives they want them to see. Then people adopt the desired perspective of the framer (Decision Education Foundation, n.d.). Another trap is the sunk cost trap. This is where people feel like they have to use the products they already have because they feel like they will be wasting money or time. (Decision Education Foundation, n.d.). A good way to avoid it is to look at the future benefits.

References

Decision Education Foundation. (n.d.). It's Your Choice Episode - Frame and Perspective. Retrieved from https://www.decisioneducation.org/its-your-choice-episode-6

Decision Education Foundation. (n.d.). It's Your Choice - Purpose Scope and Sunk Cost. Retrieved from https://www.decisioneducation.org/its-your-choice-episode-8

Post#4

Framing the decision is the second step in the MDQ model. The three components of this step are purpose, scope and perspective. Purpose is clarifying what the decision is all about (Decision, 2019-8, pg. 1); scope is what aspects of the decision are in and what is out (Decision, 2019-7, pg. 1, pa. 1); and perspective is how we see or view the decision (Decision, 2019-8, pg. 4).

Bias and traps can distort your way of thinking about the decision. We may look at it different than the next person, but at the same time, they may also provide a frame that focuses on their decision but try to convince you to see it their way. You may fall into this trap called thrown frame. This is their frame they are trying to get you to agree to it. Anchoring Is another trap, you have a narrow way of thinking, you could not look at others because you are so focused on that one way (Decision, 2019-6).

In responding to CAPO’s attacks, how will PPO keep their customers and continue to make money?

Objectives in this step of the model is the motivation for making the decision. In this case, the motivation is because of CAPO’s targeting, PPO must make some changes in order to retain customers and stay profitable. The purpose would be clarifying the decision. Making it clear that the decision is based upon the CAPO attack, which in turn means PPO has to keep customers and make money. Scope is looking at all the details of the case study and deciding what is important to include in the decision and what can be excluded. Perspective is the last component. Thinking of all the stakeholders of the decision and making sure the choice is the right one.

References:

Decision Education Foundation. (2019-6, May 24). It's your choice episode 6. Retrieved from https://www.decisioneducation.org/its-your-choice-episode-6

Decision Education Foundation. (2019-7, May 24). It's your choice episode 7. Retrieved from https://www.decisioneducation.org/its-your-choice-episode-7

Decision Education Foundation. (2019-8, May 24). It's your choice episode 8. Retrieved from https://www.decisioneducation.org/its-your-choice-episode-8

Decision Education Foundation. (2019-9, May 24). It's your choice episode 9. Retrieved from https://www.decisioneducation.org/its-your-choice-episode-9