Intro to psychology test bank

Question 101 1 / 1 point
Which of the following questions is most likely to be answered by a personality psychologist?
Question options:
a) At what age does usage of Internet social networks peak?
b) How much of people's personalities is reflected in their Facebook profiles?
c) Will people above the age of sixty use the Internet?
d) Does gender affect interest and participation in social networking sites?
Question 102 1 / 1 point
Anna is conducting research to find out if people who interact extensively with other people via Facebook are more or less outgoing than those who do not. Anna is most likely a ______________ psychologist.
Question options:
a) personality
b) clinical
c) health
d) social
Question 103 1 / 1 point
____________ sciences study the world of stars, light, waves, atoms, the earth, compounds, and molecules.
Question options:
a) Environmental
b) Biological
c) Physical
d) Social
Question 104 1 / 1 point
Which of the following is NOT a basic process of the scientific method?
Question options:
a) Testing
b) Interpreting
c) Falsifying
d) Observing
Question 105 1 / 1 point
In a(n) ____________, the answers are often open-ended and not constrained by the researcher.
Question options:
a) interview
b) case study
c) questionnaire
d) survey
Question 106 1 / 1 point
In the fourth step of the scientific method, scientists use mathematical techniques to ____________ the results and determine whether they are significant and closely fit the prediction or not.
Question options:
a) test
b) interpret
c) observe
d) predict
Question 107 1 / 1 point
A ____________ is a specific, informed, and testable prediction of what kind of outcome should occur under a particular condition.
Question options:
a) hypothesis
b) theory
c) replication
d) variable
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Question 108 1 / 1 point
In correlational designs, the basic question is:
Question options:
a) Is X related to Y?
b) What is variable X?
c) What is X an example of?
d) How does X result in Y?
Question 109 1 / 1 point
What is important while interpreting correlations?
Question options:
a) Correlation is necessary and sufficient for causation.
b) Variable X is correlated with variable Y. Hence X causes Y.
c) A correlation does not mean there is a causal relationship between the two variables.
d) When one variable causes another, it is not necessarily correlated with it.
Question 110 1 / 1 point
The ____________ variable is the outcome, or response to the experimental manipulation.
Question options:
a) dependent
b) experimental
c) categorical
d) predictor
Question 111 1 / 1 point
Dr. Bischer is conducting a study to determine if men who wear a new type of soccer uniform made from a specially designed fabric will perform better in soccer matches. She recruits a professional soccer team to participate. She randomly assigns half of the men to wear the new-material uniforms made in the color blue and the other half to wear old-material uniforms made in the color red. Although the men know of the uniform test, they are not told which of the uniforms is made from the new material. They are asked to wear their assigned uniforms and score as many goals as possible in a practice game against one another. Dr. Bischer is noting the number of goals scored. Ultimately, the men who are wearing the old uniforms score more goals and therefore win the game. Dr. Bischer speculates that the new uniforms are not more beneficial to performance than the old uniforms, but she will rerun her study a few more times.
From a scientific viewpoint, why was it important for Dr. Bischer to randomly assign the men to wear new uniforms or old uniforms?
Question options:
a) Some of the men who could not participate that day were then used as a control group, and she wanted to make sure she had an even number of new and old uniforms left over.
b) She wanted the men to feel they all had a chance of wearing their old uniforms, in which they would likely be more comfortable.
c) She wanted to ensure that the two groups were, on average, similar in ability and motivation, so that any differences in the end would be due to the experimental manipulation.
d) Some of the men will feel it was unfair that they did not get new uniforms and will not be motivated to be competitive—in this case, therefore, the uniform assigned was simply the luck of the draw.
Question 112 1 / 1 point
Clients undergoing treatment for phobic disorder agree to participate in a clinical trial of a new antidepressant medication. The clients are randomly divided into two groups. Both receive pills to take on a daily basis, but only one of the groups receives pills with the newly produced, active ingredients. The other group's pills contain no active ingredients. In this study, the group that receives the pills that do not contain the active ingredients is called a(n) ____________.
Question options:
a) control group
b) sham-operated group
c) treatment group
d) experimental group
Question 113 1 / 1 point
The tool used to assess thought or behavior is called a ____________.
Question options:
a) sample space
b) subset
c) measure
d) non-empty set
Question 114 1 / 1 point
____________ allow us to determine how likely it is that two or more samples came from the same population.
Question options:
a) Inferential statistics
b) Descriptive statistics
c) Statistical inferences
d) Predictive inferences
Question 115 1 / 1 point
The ____________ is the number of times a particular score occurs in a set of data.
Question options:
a) percentile
b) frequency
c) variance
d) standard deviation
Question 116 1 / 1 point
Which of the following is true of Stanley Milgram's famous study of obedience?
Question options:
a) It showed how psychologists chose to manipulate theories to suit their conclusions.
b) It explained many aspects of learner-teacher interactions.
c) Although it yielded powerful results, it placed great distress on participants.
d) It showed how people are quick to make judgments about groups.
Question 117 1 / 1 point
When does an individual attain a flow state?
Question options:
a) When he/she thrives in his/her ability to rise to the occasion of challenging tasks.
b) When he/she is able to maintain focused awareness on a target.
c) When he/she is barely awake or aware but shows some deliberate movements.
d) When he/she recollects material that is potentially accessible but not currently available to awareness.
Question 118 1 / 1 point
Which of the following describes the interrelation of concentration and attention?
Question options:
a) the cognitive load theory
b) the global workspace model
c) the perceptual load model
d) Baddeley's model
Question 119 1 / 1 point
When an individual engages in synchronization, he/she:
Question options:
a) has a conscious experience.
b) has a subconscious experience.
c) hallucinates.
d) becomes unconscious.
Question 120 1 / 1 point
The body's biological clock is located in the:
Question options:
a) thalamus.
b) pineal gland.
c) hypothalamus.
d) pituitary gland.
Question 121 1 / 1 point
How many stages are there to non-REM sleep?
Question options:
a) four
b) three
c) five
d) six
Question 122 1 / 1 point
Why does sleep enhance learning and memory?
Question options:
a) It increases hormonal growth in the brain.
b) It increases polyclonal response in the brain.
c) It increases humoral growth in the brain.
d) It increases neural growth in the brain.
Question 123 1 / 1 point
Which of the following is released in the brain when one feels sociable and affectionate?
Question options:
a) endorphin
b) dopamine
c) estrogen
d) serotonin
Question 124 1 / 1 point
Which of the following is considered a field of applied psychology?
Question options:
a) Organizational psychology
b) Human factors psychology
c) Personnel psychology
d) All of the above
Applied Psychology: Personnel Psychology
Question 125 1 / 1 point
Which of the following assessment tools is considered a primary means of evaluating job applicants and a stronger predictor of productivity?
Question options:
a) Structured interviews
b) Projective tests
c) Unstructured interviews
d) Handwriting tests
Question 126 1 / 1 point
When appraisal ratings are based on the employee’s most current performance and not performance throughout the year, it is possible that the appraisal may have contained what?
Question options:
a) Halo biases
b) Leniency biases
c) Recency biases
d) Severity biases
Question 127 1 / 1 point
Of the following employees, who is most likely “job satisfied?”
Question options:
a) Avery: has not missed a day of work but is unproductive
b) Pete: has missed ten days of work and experienced one accident that kept him out of the work environment for ten days
c) Jim: has not missed a day of work in the last 3 years and has not experienced a work related accident
d) Bellamy: has missed two weeks and wants to resign from the job
Question 128 1 / 1 point
Which of the following characteristics is associated with job satisfaction?
Question options:
a) Low absenteeism
b) An increase in productivity
c) Experiences fewer work related accidents
d) All of the choices are characteristics associated with job satisfaction
Question 129 1 / 1 point
Jerry has difficulty reading the dashboard controls on his new car. According to a human factors psychologist, Jerry has a problem with _______________.
Question options:
a) voice effects
b) intelligence tests
c) simulated tasks
d) usability
Question 130 1 / 1 point
Environmental psychologists have identified "at risk" behaviors among persons from developing countries. Which of the following are "at risk" behaviors?
Question options:
a) They exhaust planet resources and do not replace them
b) They display poor agricultural techniques
c) They pollute water supplies
d) All of the above