John hopkins ebp model article

JAN JOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING DISCUSSION PAPER Evidence-based practice models for organizational change: overview and practical applications Marjorie A. Schaffer, Kristin E. Sandau & Lee Diedrick Accepted for publication 19 July 2012 Correspondence to M.A. Schaffer: e-mail: m-schaffer@bethel.edu Marjorie A. Schaffer PhD RN Professor of Nursing Bethel University, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA Kristin E. Sandau PhD RN CNE Professor of Nursing Bethel University, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA Lee Diedrick MAN RN C-NIC Clinical Educator Children’s Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA S C H A F F E R M . A . , S A N D A U K . E . & D I E D R I C K L . ( 2 0 1 3 ) Evidence-based practice models for organizational change: overview and practical applications. Journal of Advanced Nursing 69(5), 1197–1209. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2012.06122.x Abstract Aim. To provide an overview, summary of key features and evaluation of usefulness of six evidence-based practice models frequently discussed in the literature. Background. The variety of evidence-based practice models and frameworks, complex terminology and organizational culture challenges nurses in selecting the model that best fits their practice setting. Data sources. The authors: (1) initially identified models described in a predominant nursing text; (2) searched the literature through CINAHL from 1998 to current year, using combinations of ‘evidence’, ‘evidence-based practice’, ‘models’, ‘nursing’ and ‘research’; (3) refined the list of selected models based on the initial literature review; and (4) conducted a second search of the literature on the selected models for all available years to locate both historical and recent articles on their use in nursing practice. Discussion. Authors described model key features and provided an evaluation of model usefulness based on specific criteria, which focused on facilitating the evidence-based practice process and guiding practice change. Implications for nursing. The evaluation of model usefulness can be used to determine the best fit of the models to the practice setting. Conclusion. The Johns Hopkins Model and the Academic Center for EvidenceBased Practice Star Model emphasize the processes of finding and evaluating evidence that is likely to appeal to nursing educators. Organizations may prefer the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services Framework, Advancing Research and Clinical Practice Through Close Collaboration, or Iowa models for their emphasis on team decision-making. An evidence-based practice model that is clear to the clinician and fits the organization will guide a systematic approach to evidence review and practice change. Keywords: evidence-based practice, nursing education, nursing models, research in practice © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd 1197 M.A. Schaffer et al. Introduction Table 1 Definitions of key terms. In recent years, nursing scholars have developed a variety of evidence-based practice (EBP) models to facilitate the implementation of research findings into nursing practice (van Achterberg et al. 2008, Mitchell et al. 2010, RycroftMalone & Bucknall 2010, Wilson et al. 2010, Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt 2011). Application of EBP models is intended to break down the complexity of the challenge of translating evidence into clinical practice. Effective models to guide translation of research into practice are needed to avoid failure accompanied by a costly investment of time and resources. However, enthusiastic efforts by clinicians and educators to use EBP are often dampened by a confusing array of terms, a plethora of models and a growing variety of approaches to implementation of EBP. To help the practitioner decide which EBP model is most appropriate for a clinical or educational setting, an overview of commonly used nursing models is needed to assist the clinician in comparing, contrasting, and eventually selecting the model best-fit for their organization and a specific clinical problem. This article provides definitions of common EBP-related terms, a description of major EBP models with examples of use in practice and an evaluation of each model.