Johnson theory of nursing ppt

Dorothy Johnson’s Behavioral Systems Model

Backgound

Born August 21st 1919
Associates Degree in 1938 from Armstrong Junior College in Savannah Georgia
1942 BSN Vanderbilt University in Nashville Tennessee
1948 Masters in public health Harvard University Boston Massachusetts
Youngest of 7 children, received associates degree. Took a year off from school during great depression and discovered her calling as a nurse.

After graduation, she worked for one year in public health nursing and began to teach at Vanderbilt University in their school of nursing. After 5 years, she moved to California where she was an instructor for pediatrics in the school of nursing at the University of California, Los Angeles. She worked at UCLA until she retired in 1978, except for one year in 1955 when Dorothy took sabbatical from UCLA to teach in Vallore, South India at the Christian Medical College School of Nursing (Tomey & Alligood, 2005).
*

Influences

Florence Nightengale
Hans Selye
Teaching
Empirical approach to nursing
"mother" of nursing and "father" of stress inspired her work.
Hans Selye- General Adaptation Syndrome (G.A.S.), This theory introduced in 1936, sought out to explain the process under which the body confronts "stress" or "noxious agents“. The body passes through three universal stages of coping: an alarm reaction stage, then adaptation where the resistance to the stress is built and finally the body enters a stage of exhaustion, a sort of aging "due to wear and tear." It was through Seyle's work on stress that Johnson was able to expand on stress within her theory. Johnson focused on the person's response to stress of the illness and how they would react to these stresses.

Florence Nightengale- Focus on the person not the disease Johnson stressed the importance of the nurse in caring for the patient. Johnson focused on all aspects of the patient and their behavioral systems, attempting to achieve a level of equilibrium. Times had changed by the formation of Johnson's theory and while Nightingale had to focus on the environment and sanitation, Johnson just briefly mentions these. Due to the advances made in nursing and health, Johnson was able to focus more on the individual and not so much on external factors affecting the patients.

Teaching- Influenced when as a teacher she was asked to determine what courses content constitutes nursing knowledge. Unable to differentiate between Medical knowledge and science knowledge. She was influenced to answer the differences “what made nursing unique”.

Empirical approach to nursing- “Nursing is what nurses do”, big in the late 1940 into early 1950’s, task orientated studies to varied and not good EBP, depressed her because of the many variations however she was grateful that it kept her focused on not people but on ill or prevention of illness in people.

*

Nurse Goals

Nurses specifically ….
“Contribute to patient welfare as that of fostering efficient and effective behavioral functioning in the person both to prevent illness and during and following illness” (Johnson, 1980)

Goals of Nursing are to assist the Pt:

Person behaves appropriate for social situation

Person can modify behavior to support biological function

Person can benefit from the knowledge and skill given when the person has an illness

Person behavior doesn’t reflect trauma from illness

*

Definitions

Person
A behavioral system comprised of subsystems constantly trying to maintain a steady state.
Environment
Not clearly defined.
Health
Balance and stability.
Nursing
External regulatory force that is only indicated when there is instability.
Person- A behavioral system that strives to make continual adjustments to achieve, maintain, or regain balance to the steady-state that is adaptation.