The Double-Entry Journal 144
x Contents
Other Notetaking Techniques 153
The Research Log: A Jay Leno Approach 153
Narrative Notetaking 157
First Layer: Story the Source 160
Second Layer: Rapid Summary 160
Third Layer: Narrative of Thought 160
Online Research Notebooks 161
When You're Coming Up Short: More Advanced Searching Techniques 162
Advanced Library Searching Techniques 163
Advanced Internet Search Techniques 164
Thinking Outside the Box: Alternative Sources 166
Chapter 4 The Fourth Week 169
Getting to the Draft 169
When the Experts Disagree 170
Evaluating Conflicting Claims 170
EX ERe I S E 4. 1 Do Concealed Guns Reduce Crime? 171
E X ERe I S E 4. 2 Reclaiming Your Topic 174
An Application Example 176
Deciding Whether to Say 1 181
Getting Personal Without Being Personal 182
Beginning at the Beginning 182
Flashlights or Floodlights? 183
Writing Multiple Leads 185
E X ERe I S E 4. 3 Three Ways In 187
Deciding on a Voice 189
Considering Purpose, Audience, Subject, and Who You Are 190
Contents xi
The Differing Voices of Research 192
Writing for Reader Interest 193
Working the Common Ground 194
Topics for Which Common Ground Is Hard to Find 195
Putting People on the Page 196
Using Case Studies 197
Using Interviews 197
Writing a Strong Ending 198
Endings to Avoid 198
Using Surprise 200
Organizing the Draft 201
Delayed Thesis Structure 202
Question-Claim Structure 204
Essaying or Arguing: An Example 206
Writing with Sources 207
Blending Kinds ofWriting and Sources 207
Handling Quotes 208
Quick Tips for Controlling Quotations 211