Open axial and selective coding examples

A good response to others is not something like "I agree." Please find something that you can analyze, add to, critique, explain, disagree with, or something. It should be a few cogent sentences. It should contain something that shows your knowledge of the subject, as well as additional materials you might bring from the web and elsewhere.

Apply theories or materials correctly. Apply relevant professional, personal, or other real-world experiences. Supports position with applicable knowledge

You should create substantial responses to your peers. Think of this as your opportunity to teach. Create substantial responses which expand on a point and present information on the topic. Your responses should demonstrate your critical thinking on the topic.

Respond to the following discussions (9X). Write how you would respond to their discussions with approximately 100 words or more each. Be thoughtful and insightful and it must demonstrate critical thinking and analysis.

In using the Grounded Theory Method of qualitative data collection and analysis, which of the three data coding approaches do you think might be applied to your research topic, and why?

1.“Grounded Theory Method (GTM) is an inductive approach to research introduced by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in which theories are generated solely from an examination of data rather than being derived deductively” (Babbie, 2017, p. 405). The constant comparative method is a component of the GTM, and constantly compares observations with one another. For example, comparing an incident and placing them into categories.

Semiotics is a specialized technique defined as the “science of signs,” and deals with symbols or meanings to associate the content analysis. The degree of complexity in semiotics can be seen in music, mathematics, and sign language. Morse code is a great example of semiotics.

A vital process in analyzing qualitative social research data is coding. This is classifying or categorizing varies pieces of data and piecing them together (Babbie, 2017, p. 409). There are three coding methods called open, axial, and selective coding. The most common of the three is open coding. This is the initial classification and labeling the qualitative data. This process is used to uncover, name, and develop concepts and open up your thought process to new ideas within the context. Axial coding is used to identify the core concept of the study. The researcher will use open code categories to take an in depth approach to the concepts. For example, “axial code reflected in the student comment might be “Power Relationships,” because the professor is seen to exercise power over the student” (Babbie, 2017, p. 410). The final coding process is called selective coding. This aims for the identification of the central core of the study by utilizing all other coding (open/axial).

2. For the class, what steps can you take to prevent bias in coding? Any thoughts anyone?

3. When using a qualitative research approach, social research data is examined without converting the information into a numerical format. For the most part, this research method is undertaken for descriptive purposes by focusing on patterns of the data, patterns that point to a theoretical understanding of social life (Babbie, 2017). Qualitative research utilizes coding to classify and categorize pieces of social research data. In my research topic, open coding would be the qualitative research coding method that I would consider utilizing.

According to (Babbie, 2017), open coding is used to break data into parts in order to compare them for similarities and differences. First, I selected this method because it tis the simplest form of coding. Open coding will help me organize my research data into categories. If I incorporate the memoing approach to this coding method, the process of categorizing will be simplified. Memoing consists of writing memos or notes to yourself of observations throughout the collection of the research data. What I capture in these notes may be used to establish deeper meanings the concepts and how they are related. These notes will help me stimulate the final articulation of the study as well.

Lastly, I would definitely plan on incorporating the concept of mapping in my study. This approach will give me a graphical display of concepts and their interrelations (Babbie, 2017). An open coding approach would help me establish the categories that would be captured in my graph.

4. Good discussion of different types of coding. Under what circumstances do you use axial coding? Any thoughts anyone?

5. How would you develop a grounded theory research question on your topic Crime and Mental Illness? This site can get you started:

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09518390902736512

Explain the goals of univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses. Which of these would most likely be applied to your research topic? What would that analysis tell us about your topic and/or the variables or subjects?

6. Quantitative analysis is made up of three sub groups such as univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses. Univariate involves a case in terms of a single variable closely looking at the distribution of attributes that compose it. Bivariate in the analysis of two variables simultaneously. Similar to univariate but bivariate adds another element in looking to determine the relationship between the variables. Where as multivariate takes it a step further in examining simultaneous relationships among several variables (Babbie, 2017).

Relating these ways to my research paper I could assume that the use of multivariate analysis could be see in my paper with the amount of comparing of variables is in my paper. Using and comparing all variables is what it feels like facing a situation to draw a conclusion in my paper with in multivariate analysis it is examining simultaneously relationships between the variables.

7. In conducting social research and analysis, three primary methods can be used – univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis. Each has its own purpose and applicability to an individual’s research.

Univariate analysis examines a singular item, often times, simply for the purpose of providing a description. Common examples of univariate analysis are frequency distributions, averages, and measurements (Babbie, 2017). With bivariate analysis, a researcher examines two items in the same instance. For example, data involving percentage tables and correlation coefficients are common items subjected to bivariate analysis. The primary purpose of bivariate analysis is to establish the empirical relationship between the two variables being studied simultaneously (Babbie, 2017). Lastly, multivariate analysis is simply when a researcher examines the empirical relationship between more than two variables simultaneously (Babbie, 2017). For example, studying the effect of age, gender, social class, occupation, and geographical location on gun ownership would illustrate a significant multivariate analysis.

For my research, in evaluating the relationship between hard drug use and property crime offense, bivariate analysis would be most fitting. Simply, I’ll be examining the characteristic of hard drug use on the likelihood of committing a property crime offense. What this will tell me, is whether abusers of illicit drugs such as methamphetamine, cocaine, and heroin contribute to the rate of property crimes offenses.

8. According to (Babbie, 2017), univariate analysis is the simplest form of data analysis. This is because the analyzed data is only comprised of one variable. The goal behind univariate analysis is to describe the data and find patterns that exist within it.

Bivariate analysis focuses on the relationship between two variables. This form of analysis pays attention to the variables and the empirical relationship between them (Babbie, 2017). Multivariate analysis is pretty much explained as an extension of bivariate analysis accept that it focuses on three or more variables.

For my research topic, I’d probably go with the multivariate analysis. Something as simple as constructing a percentage table can help me capture the amount of capital crimes committed in particular regions that practice capital punishment. I can than focus on the capital crime rates in regions that don’t practice capital punishment. Afterwards, I can reach a conclusion by comparing the data from both tables.

9. What are the assumptions of conducting a multivariate text ? Any thoughts anyone?