Paramecium caudatum eukaryotic or prokaryotic

Lab 4 – Protists & Fungi

Objectives

1. Describe the differences between Protists, Fungi and Prokaryotic cells.

2. Describe how to separate Protists based on their nutrition.

3. Look at examples of Protists and label specified structures.

4. Describe how Fungi obtain nutrients.

5. Look at examples of Fungi and label specified structures.

Reading assignment: Read 16.6 - 16.9: There is also a power point of this material.

For this worksheet you will search the internet for examples of the given organism. You must list the reference (web site) that you used for each picture that you copy into the worksheet. You need to choose unlabeled photographs of microscope slides that show all of the structures, that you will then label. Refer to the file “How to Label an Image” found on Bb > Lab Assignments > Lab Background Information.

List 2 differences between prokaryotic bacteria and protists.

A Paramecium caudatum is a unicellular heterotroph. What does this mean?

Phytoplanton are marine autotrophs. What does this mean?

Protists are eukaryotic. Is it possible for a prokaryotic organism to be an autotroph? Explain.

A. Protozoa

1. Amoeba proteus – Using the internet find a photograph of a slide of an amoeba. Copy the photograph (listing the source) into this worksheet and label the nucleus and pseudopod.

What is the pseudopod?

How do these protists ingest food?

2. Paramecium caudatum – Find a photograph of a slide of a paramecium and label the nucleus.

What structure allows this organism to move?

3. Plasmodium vivax is also a protozoan and a parasite.

What disease results when humans are infected with this organism?

How do humans acquire this protozoan?

Please watch the video on Plasmodium’s life cycle:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WoIO-g1hiSo

What cells does the parasite target in the human host?

Where does sexual reproduction take place in the parasite’s life cycle?

B. Algae

1. Volvox (colonial algae) – Find a photograph of a slide of Volvox and label the parent colony, juvenile (or daughter) colony, and vegetative cells.

2. Spirogyra– Find a photograph of a slide of Spirogyra in the asexual stage and label the chloroplasts and cell wall.

Find a second photograph of a slide of Spirogyra in the sexual stage and label the zygotes, female filament (with zygote), male filament (empty) and conjugation tubules.

What is conjugation?

C. Fungi

List 2 differences between protists and fungi.

Describe how fungi obtain nutrients.

List 2 problems caused by fungi and 2 benefits provided by fungi.

1. Yeast (unicellular fungus) – Find a photograph of a slide of yeast.

2. Breadmold – Rhizopus. Find a photograph of a slide of Rhizopus in the asexual stage and label the hyphae, sporangia, and spores.

Find a second photograph of a slide of Rhizopus in the sexual stage and label the gametangium and zygospore.

3. Coprinus Mushroom – Find a photograph of a slide of Coprinus (not a picture of a mature mushroom) and label the cap, stalk, gills, and spores

Once you have completed the worksheet you need to submit it using Blackboard.

Take Lab Quiz 4. This quiz covers the information from sections 16.6 – 16.9.

These are the organisms that you will find images of and the structures you must identify.

Kingdom Protista

Protozoa

Amoeba proteus - pseudopodia, nucleus

Paramecium caudatum – nucleus

Algae

Volvox - multicellular colonial alga

parent colony juvenile colony vegetative cells

Spirogyra - multicellular filamentous alga (2 drawings)

chloroplasts pyrenoids cell walls

female filament zygotes male filament conjugation tubes

Kingdom Fungi

Yeast

Breadmold – Rhizopus (2 drawings)

asexual: hyphae sporangia spores

sexual: gametangium zygospore

Coprinus Mushroom

cap stalk gills spores