Photosynthesis using light to make food chapter 7

Chapter 7: Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

Guided Reading Activities

Chapter Content: The Basics of Photosynthesis

1. The main point of photosynthesis is the production of _________.

2. True or false: During photosynthesis, CO2 is split to release oxygen gas. If false, make it a correct statement.

3. Complete the following table regarding photosynthesis.

Location within the cell

Basic inputs

Basic outputs

4. In Latin, Stoma means mouth. Briefly explain why the use of stomata is a good term for this particular leaf structure.

5. Complete the following table regarding the light reactions and the Calvin cycle.

Products

Location

Light reactions

Calvin cycle

Chapter Content: The Light Reactions: Converting Solar Energy to Chemical Energy

Complete the following questions as you read the seventh chapter content—The Light Reactions: Converting Solar Energy to Chemical Energy:

1. True or false: Red wavelengths of light will have more energy than purple wavelengths of light. If false, please make it a correct statement. Refer to Figure 7.4 on page 110 of your textbook to help answer this question.

For questions 2 and 3 please use the Figure 7.5 on page 111 of your textbook.

2. Which wavelength of light is least useful to driving photosynthesis?

3. Fill in the following table regarding the photosystems of the light reactions.

Photosystem I

Photosystem II

Product

Splits H2O?

Uses an electron transport chain?

Contains an electron acceptor?

Chapter Content: The Calvin Cycle: Making Sugar from Carbon Dioxide

Complete the following questions as you read the seventh chapter content—The Calvin Cycle: Making Sugar from Carbon Dioxide:

1. The Calvin cycle uses ATP + _______ produced during the _______ reactions to make _______ from ________ in the air.

2. The Calvin cycle is cyclic because

A) CO2 is constantly acquired during carbon fixation.

B) It constantly makes G3P.

C) RuBP is regenerated in the final chemical reaction.

D) NADPH and ATP are used from the light reactions.

3. True or false: Each “turn” of the Calvin cycle produces one molecule of glucose. If false, make it a correct statement.

4. Briefly explain what links the two stages of photosynthesis to each other.

Chapter 8: Cellular Reproduction: Cells from Cells

Guided Reading Activities

Chapter Content: What Cell Reproduction Accomplishes

Complete the following questions as you read the eighth chapter content—What Cell Reproduction Accomplishes:

1. Complete the table that compares asexual and sexual reproduction.

Asexual reproduction

Sexual reproduction

Requires egg and sperm?

Involves meiosis?

Requires one parent?

Produces genetically identical offspring?

Produces genetically different offspring?

2. Gametes are sex cells that include egg and sperm. What is true about the number of chromosomes in gametes versus the parent cells that gave rise to them?

Chapter Content: The Cell Cycle and Mitosis

Complete the following questions as you read the eighth chapter content—The Cell Cycle and Mitosis:

1. Inside the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell you will find DNA associated with proteins. This combination of protein and DNA is known as _________ .

A) A centromere

B) Chromatin

C) Sister chromatids

D) A gene

2. True or false: The size and complexity of organisms is directly related to the number of total chromosomes it has. If false, make it a correct statement.

3. What are the proteins called that associate with DNA to form chromatin?

4. List two critical functions served by histones.

Use the following figure to answer questions 5-8.

5. How many chromosomes are in this cell?

6. How many chromatids are in this cell?

7. Have the chromosomes in this cell been duplicated? Briefly defend your answer either way.

8. How many pairs of homologous chromosomes are in this cell?

9. Complete the following table comparing interphase with mitotic phase.

Interphase

Mitotic phase

Chromosomes are condensed

Cell is performing normal functions

Chromosome duplication occurs

Cell is actively dividing

Sister chromatids are evenly distributed into two daughter cells

10. Place the following stages of mitosis in the correct order: metaphase, prophase, telophase, and anaphase.

11. How does cytokinesis differ from mitosis?

12 A shallow groove in the cell known as a(n) __________ indicates that cytokinesis has begun.

13. Complete the Venn diagram that compares benign and malignant tumors.

Chapter Content: Meiosis, the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Complete the following questions as you read the eighth chapter content—Meiosis, the Basis of Sexual Reproduction:

1. __________ will contain the same genes at the same locations.

A) Sex chromosomes

B) Autosomes

C) Gametes

D) Homologous chromosomes

2. Determine whether each of the following cells is haploid or diploid.

A) An egg: ________

B) A cell from your liver: ______

C) A zygote: _________

D) A sperm: __________

E) A muscle cell from your heart: __________

3. True or false: All humans have 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes. If false, make it a correct statement.

4. Complete the following table that compares mitosis with meiosis.

Mitosis

Meiosis

Rounds of DNA replication

Rounds of cell division

Separation of sister chromatids?

Separation of homologous chromosomes?

Result (number of cells and haploid or diploid)

Uses

9. True or false: Crossing over can occur between nonhomologous chromosomes. If false, make it a correct statement.

10. Has the homologous pair of chromosomes pictured to the right undergone crossing over? Explain your answer either way.

11. True or false: Nondisjunction can occur in either round of meiosis. If false, make it a correct statement.

12. Could a normal gamete still be produced even if a nondisjunction event occurred? Briefly explain your answer either way.

13. Table 8.1 on page 140 of your textbook displays information regarding sex chromosome abnormalities in humans. Why does the XYY situation have to be the result of nondisjunction in the sperm formation?

Sex Chromosomes

Syndrome

Symptoms

XXY

XYY

XXX

XO

15. A person with Klinefelter’s syndrome has how many total chromosomes?