Power-Flow Problem

For the nine-bus power system shown in Fig.1, comprising three-generators, three-transformers, six transmission lines, and four-loads, consider the following design requirements.
I. Determine the actual values of the resistance, inductance, and capacitance of each transmission
line using PSCAD/EMTDC. Then, calculate the per-unit (pu) line parameters (R, X, G, and B),
present the results in a table format, and use them to determine the series impedance and shunt
admittance of the lines’ Π (pi) models.
II. Determine the bus admittance matrix YBUS, calculate the power flow on the buses and
transmission lines, and solve the network for the unknown voltage magnitudes and phase angles
using PowerWorld.
III. Insert a second line between bus 3 and bus 4, with your own new design line parameters.
Determine the new line's effect on V4, the line loadings, and on the total real power losses.
IV. Determine the lowest per-unit voltage and the maximum line/transformer loading both for the
initial case and for the case with the line from bus 7 to bus 4 out of service.
V. Determine the acceptable generation range at bus 8, keeping each line and transformer loaded at
or below 100% of its MVA limit, and write your comments in the report.
VI. Determine the effect of adding a 200 MVAR shunt capacitor bank at bus 6 on the power system
in Fig.1 and write your comments in the report. Find the MVAR rating of the shunt capacitor
bank that establishes V6 at 1.0 pu.
VII. Open one of the transformers and open one of the transmission lines. This results in overloading
the other transformers. Re-dispatch the generators in order to remove the overload.
VIII. The transformer between busses 1 and 2 is now a tap-changing transformer with a tap range
between 0.9 and 1.1, a step size of 0.00625, and the tap is on the high voltage side of the
transformer. As the tap is varied between 0.975 and 1.1, make your comments about the variation
in the reactive power output of generator 1, voltages V2 and V4, and the total real power losses.