Reflection and refraction lab report answers

This is an online lab with online simulations and questions related to those simulations that needs to be answered. Please complete everything in the attached lab.

Objectives:

Upon successful completion of the laboratory exercise you will

Veriy law of refraction
Find index of refraction of an unknown material
Create spectrum of light using prism
Find criticle angle required for total internal reflectionPhysics Lab (Online Simulation) Light Reflection & Refraction Critical Angle, Spectrum Electricity and Light Unit 6 TA name: Due Date: Student Name: Student ID: This lab uses the Remote lab platform from PhET Interactive Simulations at University of Colorado Boulder, under the CC-BY 4.0 license. This pre-lab is worth 5 points. 1) What does each term in equation [1] represent? 2) What does the term Normal mean in the context of dealing with an optical surface? 3) Describe how light behaves in relation to the Normal when travelling between two interfaces in the following cases: From a less dense to a denser medium Physics Lab (Online Simulation) From a denser to a less dense medium 4) A convex lens is also known as a (converging, diverging ) lens and a concave lens is known as a (converging, diverging) lens. 5) Describe where the focal point for a convex and a concave lens located? Objectives: Upon successful completion of the laboratory exercise you will 1. Veriy law of refraction 2. Find index of refraction of an unknown material 3. Create spectrum of light using prism 4. Find criticle angle required for total internal reflection Theory: Whenever a wave traveling in some medium encounters an interface or boundary with another medium either (or both) of the processes of (1) reflection and (2) refraction may occur if the speed of the wave is different in the two media. If the wave being considered is light, the speed of light in any medium is characterized by the index of refraction for the medium, n, where n  c/v [1] where c is the speed of light in a vacuum, and v is the speed of light in the medium. (Note that for a vacuum or air n=1.00.) Physics Lab (Online Simulation) Reflection In reflection, a ray of light traveling in a straight line in medium 1 encounters an interface with medium 2 and the incident ray is reflected (or bounced) backed into medium 1 at the interface of the two media as depicted in Figure 22 – 1. medium 2 R I medium 1 Normal Figure 22 –1 The Normal is a reference line that is always perpendicular to the surface at the “point of impact” where the light is incident onto the surface. If the ray incident on the interface makes an angle I with the normal to the surface at the “point of impact” on the interface, the reflected ray will make an angle R with the normal from the “point of impact” equal to the incident angle I. The relationship between the angles I and R for all reflections is called the Law of reflection which can be stated in two parts: 1. I = R , and 2. I and R are coplanar, (i.e. lie in the same plane.) [2] For light traveling parallel to the principal axis and is incident on a spherical (or cylindrical) surface with a radius R, the reflected light will cross the principal axis at a focal point, f, from the vertex (see Figure 22-2) such that f = R/2 [3] Physics Lab (Online Simulation) where R is the radius of curvature. Normal f principal axis R radius of curvature Figure 22 –2 Refraction In refraction, a ray of light traveling in a straight line in medium 1 encounters an interface with medium 2, penetrates the interface and then moves in a straight line in medium 2 as depicted in Figure 22 – 3. If the incident ray originally in medium 1 makes an angle 1 with the normal to the surface in medium 1, the refracted ray will make an angle 2 with the same normal in medium 2. The relationship between 1 and 2 for each refraction is called the law of refraction which can be stated in two parts: 1. n1 sin 1 = n2 sin 2 , and 2. 1 and 2 are coplanar.