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Title of Assignment:

Module 6: Endocrine pathophysiology

Purpose of Assignment:

Complications from endocrine disorders can result in wide systemic effects. Analyzing disorders related to endocrine for the nurse is complex and orders provided to treat the client’s condition can sometimes be puzzling. Consideration of an endocrine case study will help the student learn the complexities of understanding the pathophysiology of an endocrine disorder

Course Competency(s):

· Determine pathophysiologic alterations that affect the reproductive and endocrine systems

Content:

Diabetes case study

A 21-year old female (A.M) presents to the urgent care clinic with symptoms of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and a fever for 3 days. She states that she has Type I diabetes and has not been managing her blood sugars since she’s been ill and unable to keep any food down. She’s only tolerated sips of water and juices. Since she’s also been unable to eat, she hasn’t taken any insulin as directed. While helping A.M. from the lobby to the examining room you note that she’s unsteady, note that her skin in warm and flushed and that she’s drowsy. You also note that she’s breathing rapidly and smell a slight sweet/fruity odor. A.M. has a challenge answering questions but keeps asking for water to drink.

You get more information from A.M. and learn

· She had some readings on her glucometer which were reading ‘high’

· She vomits almost every time she takes in fluid

· She hasn’t voided for a day but voided a great deal the day before

· She’s been sleeping long hours and finally woke up this morning and decided to seek care

Current labs and vital signs:

1. What is the pathophysiology for the condition you believe A.M. has?

2. Relate the etiology and clinical manifestations for the condition you identified for A.M.

The practitioner at the urgent care facility makes the decision that A.M. needs to go to the hospital by ambulance. Once at the Emergency Department (ED), the ED physician orders these items:

a. 1000 ml Lactated Ringer’s (LR) IV stat

b. 36 units NPH (Humulin N) and 20 units regular (Humulin R) insulin SQ now

c. CBC with differential; CMP: blood cultures X2 sites; clean-catch urine for UA and C&S; stool for ova and parasites; Clostridium difficile toxin, and C&S; serum lactate; ketone; osmolality; ABGs on room air

d. 1800 calorie, carbohydrate controlled diet

e. Bed rest

f. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) 650 mg orally Q4 hrs PRN

g. Furosemide (Lasix) 60 mg IV push now

h. Urinary output every hour

i. VS every shift

The orders above -- which are questionable related to her condition and which are appropriate?

3. What are the expected treatments for this condition?

Instructions:

Summarize the questions above and formulate what may be happening with A.M. and how you would improve her condition.

Use two evidence-based articles from peer-reviewed journals or scholarly sources to support your findings. Be sure to cite your sources in-text and on a References page using APA format. http://rasmussen.libanswers.com/faq/208365

You can find useful reference materials for this assignment in the School of Nursing guide: https://guides.rasmussen.edu/nursing/referenceebooks

Need help finding evidence-based articles? Use this link: http://rasmussen.libanswers.com/faq/208365

Have questions about APA? Visit the online APA guide: https://guides.rasmussen.edu/apa

Case study adapted from:

Harding, M.M. & Snyder, J.S. (2015). Winningham’s critical thinking cases in nursing: Medical-surgical, pediatric, maternity, and psychiatric. Retrieved from: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/ras/detail.action?docID=2072336.

Grading Rubric:

Levels of Achievement

Criteria

Emerging

Competence

Proficiency

Mastery

Pathophysiology

(15 pts)

Did not include discussion on the pathophysiology of the endocrine system disorder.

Failure to provide pathophysiology will result in zero points for this criteria.

Briefly identify the pathophysiology of the an endocrine system disorder.

Clearly identified the pathophysiology of an endocrine system disorder.

Thoroughly identified the pathophysiology of an endocrine disorder.

Points: 10

Points: 13

Points: 14

Points: 15

Etiology

(15 pts)

Did not include discussion on the etiology of the endocrine system disorder.

Failure to provide etiology will result in zero points for this criteria.

Briefly discussed etiology of the endocrine system disorder.

Clearly discussed etiology of the endocrine system disorder.

Thoroughly discussed etiology of the endocrine system disorder.

Points: 10

Points: 13

Points: 14

Points: 15

Clinical Manifestation

(10 pts)

Did not provide examples of the clinical manifestation of the endocrine system disorder.

Failure to provide clinical manifestation will result in zero points for this criteria.

Briefly provided examples of the clinical manifestation of the endocrine system disorder.

Clearly provided detailed examples of the clinical manifestation of the endocrine system disorder.

Thoroughly provided detailed examples of the clinical manifestation of the endocrine system disorder.

Points: 6

Points: 8

Points: 9

Points: 10

Treatment

(5 pts)

Did not present treatment for endocrine system disorder.

Failure to provide treatment will result in zero points for this criteria.

Briefly provided treatment options for the endocrine system disorder.

Clearly provided treatment options for the endocrine system disorder.

Thoroughly provided detailed treatment options for the endocrine system disorder.

Points: 2

Points: 3

Points: 4

Points: 5

APA, Spelling and Grammar

(5 pts)

Six or more APA, spelling or grammar errors. Detracts from the readability of the submission.

No more than five APA, spelling or grammar errors, minimally detracts from the readability of the submission.

No more than three APA, spelling or grammar errors. Does not detract from the readability of the submission.

No APA, spelling or grammar errors.

Points: 2

Points: 3

Points: 4

Points: 5

Points: 30

Points: 40

Points: 45

Points: 50

Chart information

Vital signs

Blood pressure: 88/46 mmHg

Additional data

Lab results

Glucose: 657 mg/dl

Heart rate: 132 bpm

Respiratory rate: 36/ deep

Temperature: 101.30 F (tympanic)

Potassium: 6.2 mEq/L