Loading...

Messages

Proposals

Stuck in your homework and missing deadline? Get urgent help in $10/Page with 24 hours deadline

Get Urgent Writing Help In Your Essays, Assignments, Homeworks, Dissertation, Thesis Or Coursework & Achieve A+ Grades.

Privacy Guaranteed - 100% Plagiarism Free Writing - Free Turnitin Report - Professional And Experienced Writers - 24/7 Online Support

Serial position effect lab report

07/01/2021 Client: saad24vbs Deadline: 7 Days

Serial Position Effect

INTRODUCTION


You are vacationing on the beach with a group of friends. You volunteer to walk to a food stand on the boardwalk to order lunch for everyone. Before you leave, you find yourself repeating each order to make sure you won’t forget any details by the time you reach the stand.


Why is it necessary to repeat these orders before leaving, rather than simply hearing them once and walking away? It’s because you learned in your psychology class that your working memory—the processing system that keeps information available for current use—can only maintain five to nine pieces of information for up to 20 to 30 seconds. You would not remember all the details of the lunch orders by the time you reached the food stand after hearing them just once. So you rehearsed everyone’s orders by repeating them to yourself. This transferred the information into your long-term memory, enabling you to access it when placing the orders a few minutes later.


In the Experience section of this ZAPS lab, your task will be to remember numerous pieces of information, much like the list of lunch orders in the example above. You will see, however, that the order in which the information is presented makes a difference in how well you remember it.


Instructions


In each trial of this ZAPS lab, you will see 12 words on the screen, one after another. After these words are presented, 12 boxes will appear. Try to remember as many of the 12 words as possible and type them in the boxes. The order in which you fill in the words does not matter, and you can take as much time as you want to type in the words. However, be sure that your final answers do not contain any typing errors. Once you type in all the words you remembered, you can continue to the next trial. There are no practice trials; the experiment starts immediately. In total, you will see five trials with a series of 12 words each.


After viewing each series of words, I must:


· Fill in the words I remember without regard for typing errors.


· √ Fill in the words I remember in any order, being careful that I do not make any typing errors.


· Fill in the words I remember in the exact order in which they appeared.


Experience:














In this Experience, you were presented with five trials of 12 words each. After each series of words, you recorded as many words as you could remember from that series. You probably began to notice a pattern after attempting to recall words in the first few series: most of the words you successfully recalled had occupied similar positions within their series of 12 words.


This phenomenon is known as the serial position effect. It is a form of memory bias in which our ability to recall a given item from a series depends on its relative position within that series.


In the graph, you will observe how the relative positioning of certain words within a series influences your ability to recall those words. On the x-axis, you will find the position of the word within a series, from one through 12. Plotted on the y-axis is the percentage.


What patterns do you think you will observe in your data from this Experience? For which positions of words within the five series do you hypothesize that you had the highest and lowest percentages of recall?


YOUR DATA



Table:






DISCUSSION


In viewing your data from the Experience section, you probably noticed a pattern in your responses. You probably weren’t able to remember all 12 items from any given series, and your highest percentages of recall were clustered around the words in the beginning of a series and those near the end. If we perform such an experiment with a large group of people and average all of their responses, the results will resemble the following graph:


PrimacyThis graph, called a serial position curve, demonstrates how people tend to recall items from the beginning and the end of a list. Because the serial position effect involves two different relative positions within a list, we refer to the phenomenon of better recall of the items at beginning as the primacy effect and that of better recall at the end as the recency effect.


Why is it that we don’t simply remember the items from a list in the reverse order in which they were presented? Why is our recall for items in the middle of the list rather low? Researchers Rundus and Atkinson (1970) set out to explore this phenomenon. They found that our ability to mentally rehearse items from the beginning of a list explains our enhanced recollection of them. We cannot rehearse items from the middle of a list as frequently as those at the beginning, explaining our decreased recollection of items from the middle.


Rehearsing items over and over again leads to the storage of these items in long-term memory. For example, if the first word you hear in a memory experiment is apple you may be able to rehearse “apple, apple, apple” before the next word—corner—comes along. Then, you may rehearse “corner, apple, corner” before the next word appears, and so on. However, how would the amount of rehearsal explain better recall of the items at the end of the list? It does not.


Rundus and Atkinson concluded that the recency effect must take place by means of a different cognitive mechanism than that of the primacy effect. While the primacy effect takes place when items enter long-term memory through frequent rehearsal, the recency effect occurs because the items near the end of a list are still present in working memory at the time of recall. In this way, we can easily retrieve the last few items presented in a series.


Under certain circumstances, the primacy and recency effects do not appear in the ways we would expect. Researchers found that if there is a delay in time between the presentation of a list and the participants’ recall of that list, the recency effect disappears, and only the primacy effect remains (Bjork et al., 1974). This occurs because the items from the beginning of the list remain in long-term memory, whereas the items at the end of the list have since disappeared from working memory at the time of recall. In contrast, people who can no longer form new long-term memories—a condition called anterograde amnesia—observe the recency effect when there is no delay, but not the primacy effect. (Carlesimo et al., 1996).


Suppose you are presented with a list of 50 words and you must immediately recall them. What do you hypothesize would happen to the primacy effect when recalling 50 items in comparison to recalling 12 items? Besides list length, what other factors might influence the primacy and recency effects during the recall of a list?


LEARNING CHECK


When you remember the first few items from a list better than items in the middle of the list, this effect takes place because the first items were still present in your working memory upon recall.




· True


· √ False




Which of the following best describes the serial position curve for an experiment conducted with a delay between the presentation of a list and participants’ recall of that list?


· √ high percentages of recall for the first few positions in the list and low recollection for all other items in the list


· high percentages of recall for the first few positions in the list, low recollection of the middle items of the list, and high recollection of items at the end of the list


· high percentages of recall in the middle of the list and low recollection of items at the beginning and end of the list


A friend tells you the seven-digit passcode to enter her home. How long will this information remain in your working memory if you do not rehearse it?


· 1 minute


· √ 20–30 seconds


· 3 minutes


· 5–7 seconds

Homework is Completed By:

Writer Writer Name Amount Client Comments & Rating
Instant Homework Helper

ONLINE

Instant Homework Helper

$36

She helped me in last minute in a very reasonable price. She is a lifesaver, I got A+ grade in my homework, I will surely hire her again for my next assignments, Thumbs Up!

Order & Get This Solution Within 3 Hours in $25/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 3 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

Order & Get This Solution Within 6 Hours in $20/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 6 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

Order & Get This Solution Within 12 Hours in $15/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 12 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

6 writers have sent their proposals to do this homework:

University Coursework Help
Helping Hand
Top Essay Tutor
Writer Writer Name Offer Chat
University Coursework Help

ONLINE

University Coursework Help

Hi dear, I am ready to do your homework in a reasonable price.

$62 Chat With Writer
Helping Hand

ONLINE

Helping Hand

I am an Academic writer with 10 years of experience. As an Academic writer, my aim is to generate unique content without Plagiarism as per the client’s requirements.

$60 Chat With Writer
Top Essay Tutor

ONLINE

Top Essay Tutor

I have more than 12 years of experience in managing online classes, exams, and quizzes on different websites like; Connect, McGraw-Hill, and Blackboard. I always provide a guarantee to my clients for their grades.

$65 Chat With Writer

Let our expert academic writers to help you in achieving a+ grades in your homework, assignment, quiz or exam.

Similar Homework Questions

5-1 Brainstorming: Strategic Monitoring - Data Mining - Zimmer ncb distal femur plate - La maison es un mercado al aire libre. cierto falso - Someone who ll watch over me play - Answer 3 objectives questions - Lehman brothers case study answers - Family Business 5 - Problem 9 1 analyzing a source document - Patient-Centric Health Care Practices - Hatfield medical supplies mini case - International journal of soft computing and engineering ijsce - Msc in mathematics in jahangirnagar university - Monash university software catalogue - Jbi systematic review manual - Wlv uni academic calendar - Discussion - How to prepare for rmsk exam - Victoria secret consumer behavior - Product oriented mission statement - Ikea saudi arabia catalogue 2019 - Kwl chart special education and learning disabilities - Preferred stock balance sheet presentation - Www ocfs state ny us main childcare child care_forms asp - Music Appreciation - Advantages of cultural change - Marks and spencer vrio analysis - Sort the following reactions as either endothermic or exothermic - Axe detailer ball cleaner - Tom of finland vodka amazon - Research paper - Week 5 Activity - Romeo and juliet spoof - O neill kantian approaches famine summary - Principles of supervision ppt - Unlock alice solution - What happened to carrie pitezel - Chaining operant conditioning - Excel wbs formula - Week-07 Discussion - Anu final exam timetable - Cips second hand books - 2 litres in ml - 5 ways to strongly authenticate a remote machine - 26 lee street sydney nsw 2000 - A centrifuge rotor rotating at rpm - Why did the zoot suit riots occur - Gas metal arc welding ppt - Walmart china supply chain transformation ppt - Influence of diversity on psychology's major concepts - Twice the sum of a number and 8 - Health and safety lesson activities - Why is there a pop sound when hydrogen is burnt - Pico question examples heart disease - Excel 2019 skills approach ch 3 challenge yourself 3.3 - Charles tyrwhitt annual report - 46 flora avenue mildura - How to make edible fake blood without food coloring - Medtronic certified pump trainer portal - Pre lab questions chemistry answers - Tracking identity a memoir by brad gilbert - Organizational behavior kinicki fugate pdf - In the upward-sloping segment of the aggregate supply curve, - Three cheeky monkeys song - Yo yo ma necessary edges - Johns hopkins nursing evidence based practice research evidence appraisal tool - A tibetan monk leaves the monastery at - Humanities reflection paper - Nursing diagnosis for hemorrhoids - Phet bending light worksheet answers - How to write a conclusion for an annotated bibliography - Dulux self destruct interior - Who were the woads - Year 8 pearson science textbook - No child left behind thesis statement - Your kiss is on my list rob thomas - Limits and fits calculator - Organizational behaviour improving performance and commitment in the workplace - Breeze eastern external rescue hoist manual - 640w2D1 - Cats are better than dogs persuasive - +91-8306951337 kala jadu specialist astrologer IN Rajahmundry - Coburg medical centre doctors - Euroclad 32 1000 wall profile - Today learning exp 105 - How to find molar extinction coefficient from graph - Differentiated instruction in kindergarten - Amadeus net flights search - St george bank guarantee - We are australian english studies - Muscle feast grass fed whey isolate 91.3 - Nursing Care Plan - Inferential statistics project - 828 - New belgium brewing ethical and environmental responsibility case study - Disadvantages of money market hedge - Final Draft Essay - Rewrite of paper - Module 05 Written Assignment - Trends in Managed Care - American tongues movie