Signs that read “no smoking,” “honk horn to open,” and “emergency exit only” specify

Question 1

1. Which one of the following practices helps to explain how Kim Il-Sung and his son Kim Jong-Il have come to dominate North Korean emotional life?

a.

Five percent of book titles in North Korea are about the two Kims.

b.

Images of Kim Il-Sung and Kim Jong-Il are rarely seen.

c.

North Korean students at all levels take hundreds of hours of coursework that focus on the lives and accomplishments of the two Kims.

d.

Objects that the two leaders touch are destroyed.

1 points

Question 2

1. The use of the word “my” (e.g., my mother) as opposed to “our” (e.g., our mother) reflects a preoccupation with

a.

the needs of the group.

b.

the maternal instinct.

c.

parenthood.

d.

the needs of the individual.

1 points

Question 3

1. When sociologists think about ____________, they consider how people use the object and the meanings people assign to it.

a.

material culture

b.

folkways

c.

beliefs

d.

nonmaterial culture

1 points

Question 4

1. Upon entering a total institution, inmates experience a

a.

sense of euphoria.

b.

sense of deep relief.

c.

new beginning.

d.

break with past roles.

1 points

Question 5

1. The practice of male circumcision in South Korea can be traced to contact with the U.S. military during the Korean War. This process represents

a.

re-entry shock.

b.

reverse ethnocentrism.

c.

culture shock.

d.

transculture diffusion.

1 points

Question 6

1. The prescription drug addict who seeks out treatment to change destructive behavior is undergoing __________ resocialization.

a.

forced

b.

voluntary

c.

voluntary, informal

d.

involuntary

1 points

Question 7

1. The cases of Anna and Isabelle were used to illustrate

a.

the fact that humans are born with a great learning capacity.

b.

that people are born with preconceived notions about standards of appearance and behavior.

c.

the importance of social contact for normal development.

d.

that two-year-olds are bothered when rules are violated.

1 points

Question 8

1. Tiffany, one of the two Korean-American girls in the K-pop group Girls' Generation thought she would be able to adjust easily to life in Korea because her parents spoke Korean at home in the U.S. But she found that she had to learn so many little things. Tiffany was experiencing

a.

cultural relativism.

b.

re-entry shock.

c.

reverse ethnocentrism.

d.

culture shock.

1 points

Question 9

1. Which one of the following scenarios indicates that a bond of mutual expectation has developed between a baby and his or her caretaker?

a.

A baby comes to expect that if it cries, a caretaker will respond.

b.

A baby learns to comfort itself when it feels distress.

c.

A baby sleeps through the night.

d.

A baby cannot tell how its mother will react to its cries.

1 points

Question 10

1. An Israeli soldier remarks “The Palestinian boys would look at you with hatred, such hatred that it reminded me of how the Jews in concentration camps in the Holocaust looked at [the guards]. You are the most evil thing on earth right now…”. Charles Horton Cooley would argue that the guard imagining himself from the perspective of the Palestinian boys represents the dynamics of

a.

“I”.

b.

cognitive development.

c.

“me”.

d.

looking-glass self.

1 points

Question 11

1. In Israel and the Palestinian Territories, Sesame Street airs as Sesame Stories because

a.

there is no word for street in Hebrew or in the Arabic languages.

b.

Sesame Street formed a partnership with the corporation Sesame Stories.

c.

the featured scenes in the program involve Palestinians and Israelis reading stories to one another.

d.

the idea that a neutral street exists where Palestinians and Jews might gather together is not a possibility.

1 points

Question 12

1. A Korean American Catholic Church shares many of the cultural traits of mainstream Catholicism such as a clerical collar worn by priests but its statues of Mary and Jesus have Korean appearance. The Korean American church qualifies as a

a.

secondary group.

b.

subculture.

c.

primary group.

d.

counter culture.

1 points

Question 13

1. People who violate ______________ are usually punished severely - they can be ostracized, institutionalized or condemned to die.

a.

norms

b.

folkways

c.

beliefs

d.

mores

1 points

Question 14

1. American sociologists studying Korean bathhouses would be struck by the

a.

casual interactions between adult men and women.

b.

private nature of the bath.

c.

tense atmosphere.

d.

lack of self-consciousness regarding the body.

1 points

Question 15

1. Nature refers to __________, and nurture refers to _________.

a.

interaction factors; biological factors

b.

learned traits; inborn traits

c.

social capacities; biological potential

d.

genetic factors; social experiences

1 points

Question 16

1. The most extreme and most destructive form of ethnocentrism is

a.

cultural genocide.

b.

defining foreign ways as peculiar.

c.

reverse ethnocentrism.

d.

self-determination.

1 points

Question 17

1. An individual who adopts cultural relativism aims to __________ a cultural practice.

a.

discredit

b.

condone

c.

accept uncritically

d.

understand

1 points

Question 18

1. Which one of the following examples is a case of involuntary resocialization?

a.

A person enlists in the army to acquire a technical skill.

b.

A person is ordered into a treatment program.

c.

A person seeks treatment to correct a problem.

d.

A college graduate applies and is accepted into medical school.

1 points

Question 19

1. In the United States, many diners pass items around the table and use special serving utensils to take food from bowls and plates. These behaviors represent

a.

values.

b.

norms.

c.

beliefs.

d.

common sense.

1 points

Question 20

1. Foreign reporters covering North Korea learned to their surprise that the Da Vinci Code was a hit and Celine Dion songs are popular. This is an example of

a.

reverse ethnocentrism.

b.

transcultural diffusion.

c.

re-entry shock.

d.

culture shock.

1 points

Question 21

1. ___________ give us discipline and support of routine and habit.

a.

Feeling rules

b.

Beliefs

c.

Mores

d.

Folkways

1 points

Question 22

1. Reentry shock is ___________ in reverse; it is experienced upon returning home after living in another culture.

a.

ethnocentrism

b.

culture shock

c.

material culture

d.

cultural relativity

1 points

Question 23

1. Michael is unable to find work, so he decides to enlist in the military to gain skills to become a mechanic. He is undergoing a ________________ program of resocialization.

a.

mandatory

b.

voluntary

c.

imposed

d.

forced

1 points

Question 24

1. The Korean use of “our” (e.g., our mother) and the use of “my” (e.g., my mother) in the United States suggests that

a.

language is universal.

b.

people everywhere value their mothers.

c.

people see the world through the language(s) they have learned.

d.

Koreans value the individual over the group.

1 points

Question 25

1. Signs that read “No Smoking,” “Honk Horn to Open,” and “Emergency Exit Only” specify

a.

values.

b.

beliefs.

c.

norms.

d.

mores.

1 points

Question 26

1. Kyeong Kang experienced _______________ when he moved from Korea to Georgia at age 14. He didn't know English and he had to adjust to what seemed like a lack of respect for elders.

a.

institutional completeness

b.

cultural relativism

c.

re-entry shock

d.

culture shock

1 points

Question 27

1. Jeannette remarked to her friend after returning from studying in Korea, "I wonder why American's health care system is so complicated and so expensive? In Korea I could drop into a small hospital (they were on almost every corner) see a doctor and pay $7." Jeannette is experiencing

a.

internalization.

b.

re-entry shock.

c.

cultural relativism.

d.

cultural shock.

1 points

Question 28

1. ______________ refers to the social experiences that make up every individual's life.

a.

Nature

b.

Nurture

c.

Engram

d.

Internalization

1 points

Question 29

1. The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is used as a vehicle for understanding dynamics underlying

a.

ingroup-outgroup relationships.

b.

social structure.

c.

the power of nature over nurture.

d.

total institutions.

1 points

Question 30

1. Displaced Palestinians pass on memories of their homeland by showing their children keys and deeds to the houses in which they once lived. This sharing preserves and passes on

a.

active adaptation.

b.

collective memory.

c.

internalization.

d.

reflexive thinking.

1 points

Question 31

1. In the United States, singular possessive pronouns (e.g., “my”) are used to refer to things over which we do not have exclusive control or ownership. This reflects the American preoccupation with

a.

competitiveness.

b.

the group.

c.

resources.

d.

the individual.

1 points

Question 32

1. Mental hospitals, concentration camps, and boarding schools are considered

a.

out-groups.

b.

primary groups.

c.

total institutions.

d.

voluntary organizations.

1 points

Question 33

1. The sociological concepts applied to the Palestinian-Israeli conflict can be used to answer which one of the following questions?

a.

Why are Palestinians and Jews so angry?

b.

How is conflict passed down from one generation to another?

c.

Should there be a Palestinian state?

d.

Why can’t they just get along?

1 points

Question 34

1. Which one of the following statements speaks to the role of age in the Korean language?

a.

Korean forms of address require the speaker to refer to elder brothers and sisters by their first names.

b.

Korean language has very few references to age.

c.

It is impossible to carry on a conversation without taking age into consideration.

d.

Koreans must use a special name to address a younger sibling.

1 points

Question 35

1. The presence of Palestinians functions to unify Israeli Jews, who are culturally, linguistically, religiously, and politically diverse. Likewise, the presence of Jews unifies a diverse Palestinian society. These dynamics best apply to

a.

socialization.

b.

agents of socialization.

c.

primary group.

d.

in-group – out-group dynamics.

1 points

Question 36

1. _________ is a staple of the South Korean diet while ____________ is a staple of the U.S. diet.

a.

Corn; rice

b.

Rice; corn

c.

Rice; hot dogs

d.

Fruit; burgers

1 points

Question 37

1. Our everyday use of the word “culture” suggests that we use the term in ways that emphasize

a.

understanding.

b.

overlap.

c.

tolerance.

d.

differences.

1 points

Question 38

1. One indicator of culture’s influence on satisfying hunger is that

a.

fast food appeals to people everywhere.

b.

people everywhere eat three meals a day.

c.

if people are hungry enough, they will eat just about anything.

d.

only a portion of the potential food available is defined as edible.

1 points

Question 39

1. The U.S. military has personnel stationed in 140 countries. The military constitutes a ______________ when it is not welcomed by the residents.

a.

subculture

b.

counter culture

c.

secondary group

d.

primary group

1 points

Question 40

1. Erikson’s life-stage model is most useful for capturing

a.

how time in history affects major life transitions.

b.

challenges associated with the countless life event transitions.

c.

the role of previous life experiences in shaping transitions in life.

d.

broad socialization challenges associated with aging.

1 points

Question 41

1. Sociologists Amith Ben-David and Yoah Lavee’s study in which they describe how Israeli family members interacted with one another during the SCUD missile attack shows that the family

a.

becomes divided and tense during a crisis.

b.

can serve to buffer its members against the effects of negative circumstances or can exacerbate those effects.

c.

increases the stress of a crisis.

d.

is a supportive and positive influence during a crisis.

1 points

Question 42

1. Beliefs, values, and norms are part of

a.

cultural diffusion.

b.

nonmaterial culture.

c.

reentry shock.

d.

material culture.

1 points

Question 43

1. For the U.S. the universally high value placed on ____________ can qualify as a cultural anchor.

a.

football

b.

apple pie

c.

freedom

d.

the group

1 points

Question 44

1. A bond of mutual expectation is established between caregiver and baby when

a.

the baby learns to talk to the caregiver.

b.

the baby is put on a strict feeding and sleeping schedule.

c.

the caregiver can leave the baby alone in a room without the baby crying.

d.

a caregiver knows the baby well enough to understand its needs and feelings.

1 points

Question 45

1. The _______________ is the part of the self that acts in unexpected ways.

a.

“I”

b.

“me”

c.

“we”

d.

“self”

1 points

Question 46

1. According to sociologist Everett Hughes, “One can think so exclusively in terms of his or her own social world that he or she has no set of concepts for comparing one social world to the next.” Hughes is describing

a.

cultural relativity.

b.

a kind of ethnocentrism.

c.

cultural genocide.

d.

institutional completeness.

1 points

Question 47

1. North Korean president Kim Il-Sung was raised a Christian and even played the church organ. After taking power, Kim completely wiped out Christianity from his country. This example supports the view that

a.

people are cultural replicas of one another.

b.

people are passive agents who absorb one version of culture.

c.

there are cultural formulas for passing on cultural experiences.

d.

people have the power to reject, manipulate, and create culture.

1 points

Question 48

1. In any society there are many groups that share values of the mainstream culture but possess cultural characteristics that set them apart in some way. These groups are known as

a.

primary groups.

b.

subcultures.

c.

secondary groups.

d.

counter cultures.

1 points

Question 49

1. The view that any aspect of culture must be assessed in the context of the society in which it is found is called

a.

cultural genocide.

b.

ethnocentrism.

c.

cultural relativism.

d.

cultural borrowing.

1 points

Question 50

1. __________ is the term for human genetic makeup or biological inheritance.

a.

Nurture

b.

Socialization

c.

Nature

d.

Internalization