Software project management ebook pdf

I N F ORMAT I O N T ECHNOLOGY PRO J EC T MANAGEMEN T

Copyright 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Copyright 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

I N F ORMAT I O N T ECHNOLOGY PRO J EC T MANAGEMEN T

Seventh Edition

Kathy Schwalbe, Ph.D., PMP Augsburg College

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Information Technology Project Management, Seventh Edition Kathy Schwalbe

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Library of Congress Control Number: 2012946635

Student Edition: Instructor’s Edition:

ISBN-13: 978-1-133-52685-8 ISBN-13: 978-1-133-52687-2

ISBN-10: 1-133-52685-3 ISBN-10: 1-133-52687-X

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Somematerial in this book is reprinted from the PMBOK® Guide, Fifth Edition (©2012 Project Management Institute, Inc., all rights reserved). This material is used with permission of the ProjectManagement Institute, Inc., Four Campus Boulevard, Newtown Square, PA 19073-2399, USA; phone (610) 356-4600; fax (610) 356-4647; Web site www.pmi.org. PMI is the world’s leading projectmanagement association, withmore than 380,000members worldwide. PMI, PMP, and PMBOK are registeredmarks of the Project Management Institute, Inc.

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For Dan, Anne, Bobby, and Scott

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BRIEF CONTENTS

Preface xix

Chapter 1

Introduction to Project Management 1

Chapter 2

The Project Management and Information Technology Context 43

Chapter 3

The Project Management Process Groups: A Case Study 81

Chapter 4

Project Integration Management 139

Chapter 5

Project Scope Management 187

Chapter 6

Project Time Management 225

Chapter 7

Project Cost Management 271

Chapter 8

Project Quality Management 311

Chapter 9

Project Human Resource Management 359

Chapter 10

Project Communications Management 405

Chapter 11

Project Risk Management 439

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Chapter 12

Project Procurement Management 479

Chapter 13

Project Stakeholder Management 509

Appendix A

Guide to Using Microsoft Project 2010 A.1

Appendix B

(Available on CengageBrain.com)

Appendix C

(Available on CengageBrain.com)

Glossary G.1

Index I.1

viii Brief Contents

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preface xix

Chapter 1 Introduction to Project Management 1 Introduction 2 What Is a Project? 4

Examples of IT Projects 4 Project Attributes 6 Project Constraints 7

What Is Project Management? 9 Project Stakeholders 10 Project Management Knowledge Areas 11 Project Management Tools and Techniques 12 Project Success 14

Program and Project Portfolio Management 16 Programs 17 Project Portfolio Management 17

The Role of the Project Manager 21 Project Manager Job Description 21 Suggested Skills for Project Managers 22 Importance of People Skills and Leadership Skills 24 Careers for IT Project Managers 25

The Project Management Profession 26 History of Project Management 26 The Project Management Institute 30 Project Management Certification 30 Ethics in Project Management 32 Project Management Software 33

Chapter Summary 36 Quick Quiz 37 Quick Quiz Answers 38 Discussion Questions 38 Exercises 39 Key Terms 40 End Notes 41

Chapter 2 The Project Management and Information Technology Context 43 A Systems View of Project Management 45

What Is a Systems Approach? 45 The Three-Sphere Model for Systems Management 46

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Understanding Organizations 47 The Four Frames of Organizations 47 Organizational Structures 49 Organizational Culture 51

Stakeholder Management 52 The Importance of Top Management Commitment 54 The Need for Organizational Commitment to Information Technology 55 The Need for Organizational Standards 56

Project Phases and the Project Life Cycle 56 Product Life Cycles 59 The Importance of Project Phases and Management Reviews 62

The Context of Information Technology Projects 64 The Nature of IT Projects 64 Characteristics of IT Project Team Members 64 Diverse Technologies 65

Recent Trends Affecting Information Technology Project Management 65 Globalization 65 Outsourcing 66 Virtual Teams 67 Agile Project Management 69

The Manifesto for Agile Software Development 70 Scrum 70 Agile, the PMBOK® Guide, and a New Certification 71

Chapter Summary 73 Quick Quiz 74 Quick Quiz Answers 75 Discussion Questions 75 Exercises 76 Key Terms 77 End Notes 78

Chapter 3 The Project Management Process Groups: A Case Study 81 Project Management Process Groups 82 Mapping the Process Groups to the Knowledge Areas 87 Developing an IT Project Management Methodology 88 Case Study 1: JWD Consulting’s Project Management Intranet Site Project (Predictive Approach) 91

Project Pre-Initiation and Initiation 91 Pre-Initiation Tasks 92 Initiating 96

Project Planning 100 Project Execution 109 Project Monitoring and Controlling 114 Project Closing 117

Case Study 2: JWD Consulting’s Project Management Intranet Site Project (Agile Approach) 120

Scrum Roles, Artifacts, and Ceremonies 121 Project Pre-Initiation and Initiation 123 Planning 124

x Table of Contents

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Executing 127 Monitoring and Controlling 127 Closing 129 Templates by Process Group 129

Chapter Summary 133 Quick Quiz 133 Quick Quiz Answers 135 Discussion Questions 135 Exercises 136 Key Terms 137 End Notes 138

Chapter 4 Project Integration Management 139 What Is Project Integration Management? 140 Strategic Planning and Project Selection 143

Strategic Planning 143 Identifying Potential Projects 145 Aligning IT with Business Strategy 146 Methods for Selecting Projects 148

Focusing on Broad Organizational Needs 148 Categorizing IT Projects 148 Performing Net Present Value Analysis, Return on Investment, and Payback Analysis 149 Net Present Value Analysis 149 Return on Investment 152 Payback Analysis 153 Using a Weighted Scoring Model 154 Implementing a Balanced Scorecard 156

Developing a Project Charter 157 Developing a Project Management Plan 161

Project Management Plan Contents 161 Using Guidelines to Create Project Management Plans 164

Directing and Managing Project Work 166 Coordinating Planning and Execution 166 Providing Strong Leadership and a Supportive Culture 167 Capitalizing on Product, Business, and Application Area Knowledge 167 Project Execution Tools and Techniques 168

Monitoring and Controlling Project Work 169 Performing Integrated Change Control 171

Change Control on IT Projects 172 Change Control System 173

Closing Projects or Phases 175 Using Software to Assist in Project Integration Management 175 Chapter Summary 178 Quick Quiz 178 Quick Quiz Answers 180 Discussion Questions 180

Table of Contents xi

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Exercises 181 Running Case 182 Tasks 183 Key Terms 184 End Notes 185

Chapter 5 Project Scope Management 187 What Is Project Scope Management? 188 Planning Scope Management 189 Collecting Requirements 191 Defining Scope 194 Creating the Work Breakdown Structure 198

Approaches to Developing Work Breakdown Structures 203 Using Guidelines 203 The Analogy Approach 204 The Top-Down and Bottom-Up Approaches 204 Mind Mapping 205

The WBS Dictionary 206 Advice for Creating a WBS and WBS Dictionary 207

Validating Scope 208 Controlling Scope 210

Suggestions for Improving User Input 212 Suggestions for Reducing Incomplete and