Loading...

Messages

Proposals

Stuck in your homework and missing deadline? Get urgent help in $10/Page with 24 hours deadline

Get Urgent Writing Help In Your Essays, Assignments, Homeworks, Dissertation, Thesis Or Coursework & Achieve A+ Grades.

Privacy Guaranteed - 100% Plagiarism Free Writing - Free Turnitin Report - Professional And Experienced Writers - 24/7 Online Support

Tlmt 601

20/08/2020 Client: srikanthkumar Deadline: 3 days

please follow directions or I will dispute!!!


Please answer original forum with a minimum of 250 words and respond to both students separately with a minimum of 100 words each


page 1 Original Forum with References 


page 2 Kim Response with references 


page 3 Salvatore response with references 




Original Forum




We have covered numerous costs that affect the transportation industry. Pick one of them and find 3 instances where you can find evidence to support your choice.




Student Response


Kim


There are many costs that affect transportation industry, and they can be categorized in different ways. Sinha & Labi (2007) classified cost by the source of cost incurrence – agency, user, and community while CSCMP et al. (2014) described as accounting cost and economic cost (opportunity cost), and/or fixed costs or variable costs. Among these different expressions of costs, and each example that are detailed in their researches, I can think of the following examples such as fuel, freight charges, carrier operating cost, transportation infrastructure (maintenance and construction), technology advance, and environmental impact. 

I chose freight charges – which is one of the user costs or variable costs. Carriers charge rates to compensate their operating costs and earn profits. Where profits earned from operations (that is, operating profits) are possible, carriers must aggressively reinvest in the assets to sustain the business (CSCMP et al., 2014). Freight charges have double sides as they are considered a cost to customers who use carriers’ services, but they are revenue to carriers at the same time. Freight charges can be varied according to the miles (distance), weight, volume, commodity, value of the cargo, or transportation modes. Transportation rates are expressed in different ways, including fixed rates, variable rates, and class rates according to CSCMP et al. (2014). Fixed rates are between two points, often by the commodity, variable charges are such as bunker or fuel surcharges, and class rates are for usually LTL (less than truck load) cargoes where carriers charge by weight and commodity classes. 


References

CSCMP, Goldsby, J., T., Iyengar, D, & Rao, S. (2014). The Definitive Guide to Transportation: Principles, Strategies, and Decisions for the Effective Flow. Chapter 3. [VitalSource Bookshelf]. https://online.vitalsource.com/#/books/9780133449112/


Sinha, K. C., & Labi, S. (2007). Transportation Decision Making: Principles of project evaluation and Programming. Chapter 4. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. [ProQuest Ebook Central]. http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/apus/detail.action?docID=792589.


Pira




Salvatore

 


The maritime industry transports more than 90% of all goods and materials throughout the world at some point in the products life cycle – as either raw materials, finished goods, or refined or unrefined petroleum. However, the operating costs associated with shipping are not entirely indicative of the price tag on commercial seaborne trade.  International trade through commercial shipping operates as a “just-in-time” method of supply chain management – meaning that the process is slow, but it is steady, consistent, and relatively inexpensive comparatively to other modes of transportation in the supply chain. 


When it comes to operating costs of a ship, many different things come to mind and the compounding expenses can be enormous, let alone the costs of operating a fleet of ships. According to Sinha and Labi (2011) fuel is the most influential operating cost, accounting for anywhere between 50%-75% of the operating cost budget. When considering that ships traversing oceans load their fuel in cubic meters or long tons, and not in gallons – it’s easy to guess the price tag.


Fuel type also has a significant impact on fuel costs – as we can see in our daily lives, different grades of gasoline and diesel have different price tags associated with them. Sinha and Labi (2011) suggest that environment impacts associated with fossil fuel have led transportation industries to seek alternative energy sources. According to the 2019 Annual Report published by A.P. Moller Maersk, a global shipping leader from Denmark, new IMO (International Maritime Organization) requirements to use Low Sulphur fuel beginning in January 2020, led to an increase of 4.4% in Low Sulphur fuel prices between Q3 and Q4 of 2019.  In 2019, A.P. Moller Maersk spent approximately $45.6 million on bunker costs, accounting for approximately 18% of their operating costs during 2019 (Annual Report 2019, 2020).


However, the operating costs that are unpredictable are often the most significant expense in shipping. Unexpected repairs and emergency maintenance can place a large financial drain on funds, especially when regulatory and classification society maintenance intervals and inspections are due. Sinha and Labi (2011) discuss maintenance and repair operating costs as they are associated with a vehicle, citing pavement condition, speed, speed change, grade (slope/inclination) and road curvature as elements influencing the wear and tear on a vehicle.


Ships are built heartily, however their internal components are susceptible to any number of environmental conditions. Water temperature, air temperature, air purity (free of particulate/sand), salination, and current are all elements that can influence maintenance intervals as well as inflict significant amounts of damage. Further, each specific piece of machinery or equipment also has a preferred maintenance interval from the original engine manufacturer (OEM) that should be adhered to for optimal performance. It must also be mentioned that ships cannot be maintained in a similar way as cars and trucks, where if a part breaks there’s a local Auto Zone down the street. Spare parts, equipment and tools are bought up front and stowed onboard in preparation for the “what-if” scenario.


Another element associated with operating costs is the depreciation value of a particular asset. In shipping, this is an ever-prevalent influence and, unlike the example discussed by Sinha and Labi (2011) regarding mileage as a factor of vehicle depreciation – ships depreciate based on years of service. For example, in the offshore oil industry, single-hull tankers are no longer contracted out due to the risk they present from hull damage. Industry competitors have begun constructing double-hull tankers as a response to the shift in environmental impact concerns; however, these new hulls only have a useful lifespan of 25 years from the keel-laid date! 


The useful life is an industry standard to perform at a stricter time in service than what the law provides. Under Title 46 of the US Code for tank vessel construction standards, a vessel of 30,000 gross tons or more may not operate for more than 23 years if of single-hull construction (which are no longer accepted  in the industry), or 28 years if of double-hull construction. (46 U.S. Code, n.d.). 


Vessel operating costs – specifically fuel, maintenance and repairs, and depreciation value – play a significant role in the pricing of shipping goods. As ships age and are laid up, new construction takes over with significant improvements in technology and pollution prevention equipment – which cost significantly higher premiums to construct and operate. Since maritime trade is the backbone for trade of all goods and materials in some form, increases in operating costs would require an increase in revenue production. Ultimately, increases in shipping costs would result in increases of rail and road 3rd party logistics providers shipping costs, that would ultimately be passed on to the consumer from a higher price point of the product.


Very Respectfully, 


Sal Molino 


References:


46 U.S. Code § 3703a - Tank vessel construction standards. (n.d.). Retrieved August 17, 2020, from https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/46/3703a


Annual Report 2019. (2020, February 20). Retrieved August 17, 2020, from https://investor.maersk.com/events/event-details/annual-report-2019-0


Sinha, K., & Labi, S. (2011). Transportation Decision Making: Principles of Project Evaluationand Programming. In Transportation Decision Making (1. Aufl.). Wiley.




 

Homework is Completed By:

Writer Writer Name Amount Client Comments & Rating
Instant Homework Helper

ONLINE

Instant Homework Helper

$36

She helped me in last minute in a very reasonable price. She is a lifesaver, I got A+ grade in my homework, I will surely hire her again for my next assignments, Thumbs Up!

Order & Get This Solution Within 3 Hours in $25/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 3 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

Order & Get This Solution Within 6 Hours in $20/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 6 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

Order & Get This Solution Within 12 Hours in $15/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 12 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

6 writers have sent their proposals to do this homework:

Top Rated Expert
Essay Writing Help
Write My Coursework
Study Master
24/7 Assignment Help
Online Assignment Help
Writer Writer Name Offer Chat
Top Rated Expert

ONLINE

Top Rated Expert

i hope you are keeping safe. I will deliver quality essay with 0% plagiarism. I have 5 years of experience in writing essays and mainly in the field. I am also well conversant with all the referencing styles of writing such as APA, MLA, Havard, Chicago and IEEE. Kindly contact me so that we can discuss on the contents of the project. Thank you in advance.

$180 Chat With Writer
Essay Writing Help

ONLINE

Essay Writing Help

I can provide plagiarism-free work for you within your given deadline. My professional writing career started around 5 years back with a local writing company in my city where I have produced 1000+ documents for my clients.

$180 Chat With Writer
Write My Coursework

ONLINE

Write My Coursework

I will complete your work with A++ QUALITY within your given deadline at very reasonable prices which you have mentioned. "My work always contains 0% plagiarism and I will also provide Turnitin Report for free as a poof".

$175 Chat With Writer
Study Master

ONLINE

Study Master

I am highly qualified expert, working from 2008-9 in this industry. I have all relevant skills and expertise related to your project. To ensure my potential must visit my profile to check my ratings and uploaded samples. Thanks :--)

$200 Chat With Writer
24/7 Assignment Help

ONLINE

24/7 Assignment Help

I have great abilities with respect to Maths and Physics subjects. I can help you with your assignments with A+ grades within your given deadline without plagiarism.

$185 Chat With Writer
Online Assignment Help

ONLINE

Online Assignment Help

I am an elite class Ph.D. writer who can deliver you a supreme level of content within your given deadline. I will give you plagiarism free content within your given timeline.

$180 Chat With Writer

Let our expert academic writers to help you in achieving a+ grades in your homework, assignment, quiz or exam.

Similar Homework Questions

Ee kingston park newcastle - Annotated Outline - Spartan heat exchangers - Argumentative Paper - Anjolie perfume - Baddeley and hitch working memory model - Api 610 latest edition - Solid waste management seminar - Lord of the flies piggy - Stenning meaning in hindi - Devry coll 148 - Counting sigma and pi bonds practice problems - Security+ guide to network security fundamentals - TWO DISCUSSION POSTS - Database design one to many - Spa blue gemology reversible comforter set boho boutique - How can analytics be used to transform the traditional reporting - Respondo Finaliment - How do working credits work - Ti analog engineer's pocket referencev - Solve the equation 5d 17.1 - To kill a mockingbird chapter worksheets - Sociology of Sport Homework 1 - Produce a change in something - Minimum time an nhs fire door will contain fire - Sum and product of roots - Can c&h recover the liquidated damages from sun ship - A debit to an expense account will - Pbs don t buy it advertising tricks - Examples of employer associations in australia - Learning outside the classroom theory - Need 2 papers - Visible thinking see think wonder - What is sociology an introduction to the discipline and profession - Euchromatin and heterochromatin ppt - Troydaddy you did this to yourself - Mcdonalds coffee ingredients pork - Mosfet differential amplifier small signal analysis - Milton keynes bus timetable 24 25 - Anton drexler cause of death - NTC/302: Network Web Services - Discussion W4 - Bruce the lawyers motherwell - Permanently frozen arctic plain - Smu myzone portal login - Mormon doctrine p 321 - Reaction of magnesium with hydrochloric acid lab answers - President lincoln issued the emancipation proclamation in response to - As 2601 the demolition of structures - In a really large bag of m&m the students - Charing cross bridge by andré derain - Dato fam lee ee - Rc drilling sampling procedure - First citizens bank conyers ga - Derivative of arctan x - 1260 days in years and months - Reed smith vacation scheme - Bondo body filler autozone - Johnson and johnson inventory turnover - Computer essay questions - Finance 370 - BBC Documentary "Billion Dollar Day" - Mitsubishi srk zma s - Bibl 104 quiz 7 liberty university - 10 minute speech ideas - Quality at the ritz carlton hotel company case study - Nursing progress notes cheat sheet - Sales opportunity worksheet - Chintakindi mallesham net worth - Assignment 8: WK8 Final Project - Conch republic electronics case study - Counseling the culturally different theory and practice - Ccnp tshoot skills based assessment - Logan council building approval - Five elements of assessment design - Meerkat symbolism in life of pi - Project management is leader intensive - 5ml of vodka standard drink - HSA 505 - Assetto corsa disable damage indicator - How many molecules are in glucose - Write a python program - Ted talk the revolutionary power of diverse thought - Angle questions and answers - Vce chemistry exam 2020 - Portable air conditioner blaux - Sunbeam bill and hold - Conflict in all my sons - Edit My Paper Narrative Paper - Classify each of the following as chiral or achiral - Bmw motorrad anti-theft alarm system - Moment of inertia unit mm4 - 0.6 is 10 times as much as - Sim logistics and supply chain management - Atlas copco compressor technique - Kendra- History Dis- - Insulin onset peak duration table - Kingsgate student lock in - Assignment Week 7 - Cpsinet org - Proposal - Case study analysis