Translational Research And Population Health Management

This assignment is meant for Catherine Owens. Thank you.

DQ1

Initial Question: Identify a quality improvement initiative that relates to improving population health outcomes for a population with which you are familiar. Have these initiatives been successful? Why or why not?

Your Response

One quality improvement initiative that emerged about five years ago is sepsis protocols that are heavily regulated, yet doctors, especially emergency department physicians, ignore screening procedure for timely sepsis treatment. They argued that there was insufficient evidence for early screening for sepsis, supporting the urgency of the screening process and indicating protocol (Kaminski et al., 2017). However, an extensive study by Norton et al. (2017) that was published, thus stresses that providers must change practice habits regarding early screening of sepsis. A study that involved 149 hospitals and 49,000 patients was not screened and treated in New York, developed sepsis lowering their mortality rate each hour by 3 or 4%. The initiative is in early phases; hence physicians’ compliant with screening are few. Currently, quality improvement initiative success is yes and no. However, more cases are presented and compiled to demonstrate that it is an issue healthcare providers and facilities need to be stricter and serious about (Kaminski et al., 2017)

References

Kaminski, M. F., Thomas-Gibson, S., Bugajski, M., Bretthauer, M., Rees, C. J., Dekker, E., . . . Rutter, M. D. (2017). Performance measures for lower gastrointestinal endoscopy: A European society of gastrointestinal endoscopy (ESGE) quality improvement initiative. United European Gastroenterology Journal, 5(3), 309-334. doi:10.1177/2050640617700014

Norton, L. E., Lee, B. R., Harte, L., Mann, K., Newland, J. G., Grimes, R. A., & Myers, A. L. (2018). Improving guideline-based streptococcal pharyngitis testing: A quality improvement initiative. Pediatrics (Evanston), 142(1), e20172033. doi:10.1542/peds.2017-2033

DQ2

Initial Question: Identify a clinical prevention intervention to promote health and wellness for a population with which you are familiar. Have these clinical prevention interventions been successful? Why or why not?

Your Response

There exist diverse clinical prevention interventions promoting wellness, safety, and health in the ICU population restraints. There are stipulations on the subject; this matter should be considered on a case base (Nuckols et al., 2017). Nurses that have worked in the ICU, with ICU patients, know when performing sedation vacation, or even to patients, there is a risk to harm themselves. Examples are pulling tubes lines and accidental exudation, violence from no knowledge of what happened with this equipment attached. Studies and articles show restraints necessity in the ICU setting and are mostly and legitimately needed (Vázquez et al., 2016). Moreover, there is a need to train nurses in the appropriate and right manner of using restraints; this will increase the safety of the patient. The clinical prevention intervention has been successfully to promote health, and wellness is attributed to the fact patients were restrained physically to enable the staff to continue providing care to deathly ill patients. 

References

Nuckols, T. K., Needleman, J., Grogan, T. R., Liang, L. J., Wrobel-Luk, P., Anderson, L., ... & Walsh, C. M. (2017). Clinical effectiveness and cost of a hospital-based fall prevention intervention: The importance of time nurses spend on the front line of implementation. JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration, 47(11), 571-580.

Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotions, ODPHP (2020). Clinical Preventive Services. Retrieved from https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/leading-health-indicators/2020-lhi-topics/Clinical-Preventive-Services

Vázquez, F. L., Torres, Á., Blanco, V., Otero, P., Díaz, O., & Ferraces, M. J. (2016). Long-term follow-up of a randomized clinical trial assessing the efficacy of a brief cognitive-behavioral depression prevention intervention for caregivers with elevated depressive symptoms. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 24(6), 421-432.

New Questions: 

1. In the discussion, you will identify one quality improvement initiative and one clinical prevention intervention. Can you compare and contrast both for the same health issue? How are they different and how are they the same?

2. Have you been to the U. S. Preventive Services Task Force website? This specific website includes the published recommendations for specific health topics: https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/BrowseRec/Index.

Did you find recommendations based on your topic? How current were the recommendations? Also, you can search by keyword or by the age group of your specified population, as well as the category of intervention, etc. :)

Here is a great introduction to their integration of evidence-based clinical and community strategies to improve health:

https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Name/integrating-evidence-based-clinical-and-community-strategies-to-improve-health