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Name:__________________________________Period:_______Date:_________The Canterbury Tales—NotesI.The Canterbury TalesA.Frame Tale-a story that provides a vehicle, or frame, for telling other stories1.Pilgrimage: a trip made to a holy place for religiousreasons or just for fun and adventurea.Shrine of Saint Thomas a Becketi.Becket was appointed by Henry II as Archbishop of Canterbury and became famous for his struggle to keep the English church free from royal controlii.In the 1600s, a series of conflicts ensued between Becket and Henry II over Henry’s attempt to control the churchiii.After fleeing to France in 1164, Becket returned to England in 1170 and quickly revived his struggle with Henryiv.In earshot of his knights, Henry questioned if there was anyone who might get rid of Becket—four knights interpreted Henry’s words as a request and went off to Canterbury to kill Becket while he was at evening prayers2.29 pilgrims travel to Canterburya.Meet at an Innb.Host suggests they tell stories to pass the time1.Chaucer’spilgrims are well-rounded characters with personalities and pasts2.The pilgrims’ occupations reflect different aspects of 14thcentury societya.Feudal Systemi.Knight, Squire, Yoeman, Franklin, Plowman, Miller, Reeveb.Religious Lifei.Nun, Monk, Friar, Cleric, Parson, Summoner, Pardonerc.Trades or Professionsi.Merchant, Sergeant at the Law, Five tradesmen, Cook, Skipper, Doctor, Wife of Bath, Manciple, HostII.The Language of ChaucerA The Canterbury Tales is considered Chaucer’s masterpiece1.Chaucer was the first writer to use English in a major literary worka.When he began writing there was very little skillful or accomplished English literature-trial and error2.He spoke in Middle Englisha.Mixture of Old English (Anglo-Saxons) and Old French (Normans)i.French took over English for literary purposes, especially in the upper class
ii.By Chaucer’s day, English was coming backb.Middle English differs from Modern English in the pronunciation of the words3.Other writers chose to write in either French (government) or Latin (church)4.It gives a lifelike and engaging picture of a cross section of society during the 1300’s5.Outstanding literary achievementa.17,000 vivid lines of vivid poetryi.Rhyming coupletsIII.Literary Terms to knowa.Fable: teaches by providing amoral at the endb.Parable: a brief story that parallels a more general moral lessonc.Exemplum: a specific example of a general rule. It is supposed to prove a point by showing the truth of some moral ruled.Verbal Irony: exists when the outcome of a situation is the opposite of what someone expectede.Situational Irony-exists when the outcome of a situation is the opposite of what someone expectedf.Dramatic Irony-occurs when the audience or reader knows something that the characters do not know