What topic does 1910 subpart g cover

Safety - Prominent_teacher

Learning Objectives Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:

1. Demonstrate the ability to locate and interpret the OSHA standards in

Subparts G-I. 2. Define key terms common to the standards covered in this module. 3. Apply the OSHA standards in Subparts G-I to real-world situations.

Unit Lesson The OSHA standards can be loosely divided into two categories: safety standards and health standards. The difference is that safety standards typically prevent injury through design specifications, and health standards prevent illness that may develop from long-term exposure to specific hazards. In general, compliance with safety standards is easier than health; we can install guardrails to prevent falling or saw blade guards to prevent cuts. Health standards are often based on research into long-term effects of exposure to a hazard (sometimes called a “stressor” in the health world). Determining compliance may involve measurements or air sampling and some applied science to develop controls. Many safety professionals have become proficient in analyzing health hazards, and some organizations enlist the help of a trained industrial hygienist. Regardless of who does the measurements, the final responsibility for OSHA compliance will likely fall to the safety professionals.

An industrial hygienist prepares to test a water sample for contaminants (McGinley, 2006)

Reading Assignment See below to access the required reading material for this unit.

Supplemental Reading See information below.

Learning Activities (Non-Graded) See information below.

Key Terms 1. Air purifying

respirator 2. Atmosphere-

supplying respirator 3. Audiometric testing

program 4. Baseline audiogram 5. Dry spray booth 6. Filtering facepiece 7. Fit test 8. Flashpoint 9. Hearing protector

attenuation 10. Monitoring 11. Negative pressure

respirator 12. Safety can 13. Self-contained

breathing apparatus (SCUBA)

14. Standard threshold shift

15. Supplied-air respirator

UNIT III STUDY GUIDE Subparts G–I: Environmental Controls, Hazardous Materials, and Personal Protective Equipment

BOS 4025, OSHA Standards 2

In Unit I, we focused on a number of safety hazards common to most workplaces. In this unit, we add some health standards, as well as some standards that combine both safety and health issues. The title of Subpart G, Occupational Health and Environmental Control, should be a clear indication of what we can expect to encounter. Note that “environmental control” has nothing to do with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or other environmental organizations. Instead, it refers to the workplace environment and includes sections on ventilation, occupational noise control, and non- ionizing radiation. The first section of the ventilation standard provides specifications and requirements for exhaust hoods and systems used in removing dust, dirt, fumes, and gases generated through the grinding, polishing, or buffering of ferrous and nonferrous metals. The second section provides design specifications for rooms and booths used in spray finishing operations. Since both sections help prevent exposure to airborne hazards that can cause long- term health effects, they fall mostly in the health domain, although not fully, as they also include provisions to prevent fires and explosions. The Industrial Noise Standard may be the most significant section in Subpart G, since it has such widespread application. Hearing loss creates a significant decrease in quality of life for an individual, as well as huge worker's compensation expense costs for employers. Nearly every industrial workplace has at least some noise exposure concerns. The standard requires employers to implement a hearing conservation program for employees exposed to an eight-hour time-weighted average of 85 decibels of noise (on the A-weighted scale). Noise-induced hearing loss may be one of the most preventable occupational injuries/illnesses, but it is surprising how many organizations do not even have the basics of a program. From 2000-2004, OSHA issued more than 10,000 violations against this standard in addition to levying initial fines in excess of $7.5 million (Witt, 2013). Subpart H includes several complex combination safety/health standards, including those addressing the storage and handling of flammable materials, process safety management, and hazardous waste operations and emergency response.

Standard 1910.106 is concerned with flammable liquid use and storage and has wide applicability across industry. In March of 2012, OSHA issued major changes to its Hazard Communication Standard (discussed more in Unit VI), which affected some of the definitions in 1910.106.

You may notice that the term “combustible liquid” is no longer used. There are now four categories of flammable liquids, which include what used to be termed combustible liquids. Another significant change is that some of the category definitions are not static. For example, if a Category 4 liquid is heated

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) hazardous waste collection site in Cameron, Louisiana

(Kaufmann, 2006)

16. Waterwash spray

booth

BOS 4025, OSHA Standards 3

to within 30 F of its flashpoint, it must be handled in accordance with the requirements for Category 3 liquids. The Process Safety Management Standard (1910.119) was promulgated in an effort to prevent catastrophic chemical releases at organizations that process or store large quantities of certain highly hazardous chemicals. Employers having listed quantities of these chemicals must thoroughly evaluate the potential for release by conducting Process Hazard Analyses (PHAs). PHAs use specialized hazard assessment methods to examine the processes involving the highly hazardous chemicals. Employees are required to be involved in conducting PHAs, along with individuals having engineering expertise and other sources of input. From these PHAs, standard operating procedures are developed or revised. Provisions are identified for management of revise to assure that new equipment added to the system is appropriately evaluated. This standard also includes extensive training requirements and requirements for dealing with contractors. The HAZWOPER Standard (1910.120) has nothing to do with food poisoning at the local fast food joint. This acronym stands for Hazardous Waste Operations Emergency Response and was developed to meet a Congressional mandate. It dovetails with important EPA requirements. The standard covers three industrial applications: hazardous waste sites, employee exposures at treatment storage and disposal facilities, and any organization that has a quantity of hazardous materials that, if spilled, would result in an emergency situation. Within the practice of safety, use of personal protective equipment (PPE) to protect employees from hazards is considered a last line of defense and should only be used when it has been determined that engineering and administrative controls are not practical or do not provide adequate protection (Asfahl & Rieske, 2010). Subpart I requires that employers conduct a hazard assessment of their facilities to determine PPE requirements, select appropriate PPE to be used, communicate these decisions to employees, and provide employees with the necessary PPE. This assessment must be certified in writing; lack of a written assessment is an often-cited violation by OSHA. The standard also provides specifications for design and use of a wide variety of protective equipment. Note that hearing protection is not included here, since it is covered in Subpart G.

References

Asfahl, C. R., & Rieske, D. W. (2010). Industrial safety and health management (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall.

McGinley, R. (2006). US Navy 060207-N-3019M-004 Lt. Kyle Lim, industrial

hygiene officer assigned to Navy Environmental and Preventative Medicine Unit Six (NEPMU-6), prepares to test a water sample for contaminants [Photograph]. Retrieved from http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US_Navy_060207-N-3019M- 004_Lt._Kyle_Lim,_industrial_hygiene_officer_assigned_to_Navy_Envi ronmental _and_Preventative_Medicine_Unit_Six_%28NEPMU- 6%29,_prepares_to_test_a_water_sample_for_contaminants.jpg

(OSHA, n.d.)

BOS 4025, OSHA Standards 4

Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA). (n.d.). Hazard communication pictograms. Retrieved from http://www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/pictograms/index.html

Kaufman, R. (2006) FEMA – 21301 - Photograph by Robert Kaufmann taken

on 01-11-2006 in Louisiana. Retrieved from http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:FEMA_-_21301_- _Photograph_by_Robert_Kaufmann_taken_on_01-11- 2006_in_Louisiana.jpg

Witt, B. (2013). Sound source: OSHA hearing conservation violations,

Retrieved from: http://www.hearforever.org/tools-to-learn/sound- source-osha-hearing-conservation-violations

Reading Assignments This course does not have a specific textbook. Instead, you will be using actual OSHA standards from the U.S. Department of Labor’s OSHA website, as well as other relevant materials. To access the required reading material for this unit, copy and paste each URL below into your Internet browser. OSHA Standards 1910.94 through 1910.138: http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owasrch.search_form?p_doc_type=STANDA RDS&p_toc_level=1&p_keyvalue=1910 1910 Subpart I App B: http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDA RDS&p_id=10120

Supplemental Reading Learn more about this week’s topic at the following websites. To access the supplemental reading material for this unit, copy and paste each URL below into your Internet browser. Occupational Noise Exposure: http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/noisehearingconservation/index.html Process Safety Management Presentation: http://www.osha.gov/dte/grant_materials/fy08/sh-17811- 08/1_psm_understanding_standard2.ppt Respiratory Protection Presentation: http://www.osha.gov/dte/library/respirators/presentation/index.html Respiratory Protection eTool: http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/respiratory/index.html Personal Protective Equipment Presentation: http://online.columbiasouthern.edu/CSU_Content/courses/Emergency_Service s/BOS/BOS4025/12C/UnitIII_PersonalProtectiveEquipmentPresentation.pdf OSHA Hazard Awareness Advisor: http://www.dol.gov/elaws/oshahaz.htm

http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owasrch.search_form?p_doc_type=STANDARDS&p_toc_level=1&p_keyvalue=1910
http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owasrch.search_form?p_doc_type=STANDARDS&p_toc_level=1&p_keyvalue=1910
http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=10120
http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=10120
http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/noisehearingconservation/index.html
http://www.osha.gov/dte/grant_materials/fy08/sh-17811-08/1_psm_understanding_standard2.ppt
http://www.osha.gov/dte/grant_materials/fy08/sh-17811-08/1_psm_understanding_standard2.ppt
http://www.osha.gov/dte/library/respirators/presentation/index.html
http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/respiratory/index.html
http://online.columbiasouthern.edu/CSU_Content/courses/Emergency_Services/BOS/BOS4025/12C/UnitIII_PersonalProtectiveEquipmentPresentation.pdf
http://online.columbiasouthern.edu/CSU_Content/courses/Emergency_Services/BOS/BOS4025/12C/UnitIII_PersonalProtectiveEquipmentPresentation.pdf
http://www.dol.gov/elaws/oshahaz.htm
BOS 4025, OSHA Standards 5

Learning Activities (Non-Graded) Developing Respirator Procedures Imagine that you are responsible for the safety program at a small manufacturing firm. One of the processes in the plant is the spray painting of metal parts using aerosol cans. The company does not have a spray booth, so the painting is done in a large open bay area. A recent industrial hygiene survey showed that the painters are being exposed to toluene at a concentration equal to the OSHA permissible exposure limit. The levels are not immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH), but since there is no local exhaust ventilation, the painters will be required to wear respirators until a ventilation system can be installed. Your assignment is to develop the written worksite respirator procedures for this painting operation. Your procedures should include, at a minimum, the following elements:

 Description of the hazard requiring respiratory protection

 Respirator to be used, including type of filter or cartridge, if applicable

 Medical evaluations

 Respirator fit testing

 User seal check requirements

 Cartridge/filter change out schedule, if applicable

 Inspection, repair, cleaning, and sanitizing, and storage

 Training The procedures should be specific to the operation and targeted to the workers who will be required to wear the respirators. Non-graded learning activities are provided to aid students in their course of study. You do not have to submit them. If you have any questions, contact your instructor for further guidance and information.