Where did the exodusters migrate to apex

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ABOUT THE COVER IMAGE

African Americans on the Move, 1940 Migration and mobility are major themes in American history. Immigration to and migration within the United States have been constants of the nation’s past and remain so in the present. One of the most breathtaking relocation stories in this long history is that of African Americans in the twentieth century. Between 1910 and 1970, between 5 and 6 million African Americans left the South for the North and West, transforming the nation in the process. Here a family prepares for the journey from Florida to New Jersey in 1940.

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HAWAI’I

PACIFIC OCEAN

160°W 155°W 22°N

20°N

0 50 100 kilometers

0 100 miles50

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BROOKS RANGE

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Juneau

130°W170°W

70°N

60°N

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ABBREVIATIONS

ALB. AUS. BEL. B.H. CR. CZ. REP. DEN. GER. HUNG. KOS. LUX. MAC. MONT. NETH. SER. SLK. SLN. SWITZ.

ALBANIA AUSTRIA BELGIUM BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA CROATIA CZECH REPUBLIC DENMARK GERMANY HUNGARY KOSOVO LUXEMBOURG MACEDONIA MONTENEGRO NETHERLANDS SERBIA SLOVAKIA SLOVENIA SWITZERLAND

0° 20°E 40°E 60°E 80°E 100°E 120°E 140°E 160°E

I N D I A N O C E A N

P A C I F I C O C E A N

ARCTIC OCEAN

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UZBEKISTAN TURKMENISTAN

PA K

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LAO S

GER.POLAND

UKRAINE

TURKEY

SAUDI ARABIA

AFGHANISTAN

TAJIKISTAN

BHUTAN

N. KOREA JAPAN

S. KOREA

TAIWAN

KYRGYZSTAN

SRI LANKA

SINGAPORE

BRUNEI

EAST TIMOR

IRAN

MONGOLIA KAZAKHSTAN

R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N

C H I N A

INDIA

M A L A Y S I A

I N D O N E S I A

A U S T R A L I A

ETHIOPIA

SUDAN

EGYPTLIBYA

NIGER

NIGERIA

CHAD

SOMALIA

BELARUS

ROMANIA

BULGARIA

GREECE

CZ. REP. SLK.

AUS.HUNG.

SER.

SYRIA

ARMENIA

AZERBAIJAN

GEORGIA

JORDAN

IRAQ

ERITREA

OMAN

MALDIVES

BANGLADESH

THAILAND

CAMBODIA

UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

FINLAND

MALTA CYPRUS ISRAEL

KUWAIT

QATAR

BAHRAIN

DJIBOUTI

LUX.

LATVIA ESTONIA

LITHUANIA

SLN. CR.

NETH. DEN.

TUNISIA

A N T A R C T I C A

B.H.

MONT. KOS.

ALB.

MAC.

LEBANON

MOLDOVA

EQ. GUINEA

BENIN TOGO

RWANDA

BURUNDI

GABON DEM. REP. OF THE CONGO

ANGOLA

NAMIBIA

SOUTH AFRICA

MOZAMBIQUE

CAMEROON

UGANDA

TANZANIA COMOROS

MALAWI

MAURITIUS

SWAZILAND

LESOTHO

ZAMBIA

ZIMBABWE MADAGASCAR

SEYCHELLES

BOTSWANA

KENYA

C O

N G

O

CENTRAL AFRICAN REP.

SÃO TOMÉ & PRÍNCIPE

MYANMAR (BURMA)

PHILIPPINES

Mariana Is. (U.S.)

Guam (U.S.)

KIRIBATINAURU

PALAU

TUVALU

FIJIVANUATU

New Caledonia (Fr.)

SOLOMON IS.

MARSHALL IS.

FEDERATED STATES OF MICRONESIA

PAPUA NEW

GUINEA

NEW ZEALAND

Tasmania (Aust.)

ITALY

NORWAY

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America A C O N C I S E H I S T O R Y

V O L U M E 2 : S I N C E 1 8 6 5

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James A. Henretta University of Maryland

Eric Hinderaker University of Utah

Rebecca Edwards Vassar College

Robert O. Self Brown University

America A C O N C I S E H I S T O R Y

Bedford / St. Martin’s Boston • New York

S I X T H E D I T I O N

V O L U M E 2 : S I N C E 1 8 6 5

For Bedford/St. Martin’s Publisher for History: Mary V. Dougherty Senior Executive Editor for History and Technology: William J. Lombardo Director of Development for History: Jane Knetzger Senior Developmental Editor: Laura Arcari Production Editor: Annette Pagliaro Sweeney Senior Production Supervisor: Jennifer Peterson Executive Marketing Manager: Sandra McGuire Editorial Assistants: Victoria Royal, Emily DiPietro Production Assistant: Erica Zhang Copy Editor: Susan Zorn Indexer: Leoni McVey, McVey & Associates, Inc. Cartography: Mapping Specialists, Ltd. Photo Researcher: Pembroke Herbert and Sandi Rygiel, Picture Research Consultants, Inc. Senior Art Director: Anna Palchik Text Design: Maureen McCutcheon Cover Design: Marine Miller Cover Photo: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, FSA/OWI Collection [LC-USF34-040820-D] Composition: Jouve Printing and Binding: RR Donnelley and Sons

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