Which of these characterize baghdad under the abbasids?

Chapter 12 Religion and Diversity in the Transformation of Southern Asia, 711−1400

Multiple-Choice Questions

1) The capital of the Abbasid Caliphate was relocated to

A) Baghdad.

B) Tehran.

C) Mecca.

D) Medina.

2) What was the general direction of Islam’s expansion after about 750?

A) east

B) west

C) south

D) north

3) Which of these led the Muslim world from 750?

A) the Fatimids

B) the Guptas

C) the Buyids

D) the Abbasids

4) Which factors led to the Islamic conquest of Iran?

A) The Parsees formed an alliance with the Muslims because of years of persecution under Persian rule.

B) The Sasanian King Chosroes II married the granddaughter of Muhammad which led to a merger between the two groups.

C) Sasanian Persia was in a state of decline caused in part by years of warfare with Byzantium.

D) Most Iranians practiced Zoroastrianism, a peaceful religion; therefore, they refused to engage in battle with the Muslims.

5) Modern descendents of Zoroastrianism live in

A) Morocco.

B) Iran.

C) Turkey.

D) India.

6) Which of these best describes the Arab Muslim attitude towards Persian culture under the Abbasids?

A) revulsion

B) enthusiasm

C) caution

D) hatred

7) Which of these was the official language of the Abbasid court?

A) Farsi

B) Arabic

C) Greek

D) Turkish

8) Which of these religious developments was the context for the arrival of Islam in Persia?

A) the Sunni-Shi’ite split

B) the advent of Sufism

C) the emergence of madrasas

D) the first expansion of Islam

9) Which of these best characterize the revolution of Abu Muslim?

A) a Sunni revival

B) Arab nationalism

C) Umayyad conquest

D) Persian nationalism

10) How were the Abbasids influenced by the unrest in Persia at the time they came to power?

A) Abbasid rule was consistently harsh towards Persians and Persian culture.

B) Abbasid rule was more firmly entrenched in Arabia.

C) Persians became second-class citizens in the Abbasid empire.

D) Abbasid rulers were placatory towards Persians and Persian culture.

11) Which of these characterize Baghdad under the Abbasids?

A) small, Arab, agricultural

B) new, cosmopolitan, multi-ethnic

C) small, commercial, Persian

D) large, Persian, centuries old

12) Which had fewer opportunities when the Abbasids took over?

A) Jews

B) Mesopotamian Christians

C) Arab Muslims

D) Persians

13) Which of the following men translated and wrote commentaries on the Greek philosopher Aristotle?

A) Ibn Sina

B) Al-Khwarizmi

C) Nasir al-Din al-Tusi

D) Ibn al-Haytham

14) What subject did al-Khwarizmi analyze and write about?

A) the Hindu-Islam conflict

B) Ptolemy's earth-centered universe

C) algebra

D) the life of Christ

15) Who ruled in the golden age of learning in Baghdad?

A) Muawiya

B) Harun al-Rashid

C) Salah al-Din

D) Umar

16) What is The Rubaiyat?

A) a copy of Ptolemy's research

B) Omar Khayyam's poetic work

C) an academy in Baghdad

D) the first celestial globe

17) Which of these was used by to make paper under Abbasid rule?

A) bamboo

B) wood chips

C) cotton

D) papyrus

18) What are madrasas?

A) Sufi sects

B) Islamic schools

C) Abbasid military leaders

D) Islamic communities in Baghdad

19) The name "Sufism" originates from

A) the woolen clothing worn by its followers.

B) the region of the caliphate inhabited by its followers.

C) the man who started the faith.

D) Muhammad's fourth wife.

20) Which of the following accurately describes Sufism?

A) It is a mystic strain of Islam that encourages the rejection of materialism and the adoption of a simple lifestyle.

B) It is a strain of Islam that encourages the faithful to join with the umma to combat secularism.

C) It is a fundamentalist branch of Islam that encourages jihad.

D) It is a branch of the Sunni that encourages warfare with the Shi'ites.

21) On which of the following points would Sufis and fundamentalists agree?

A) Muslims must combat and repress the secular worldview by any means necessary.

B) The materialism and intellectualism of the Abbasid caliphate were detrimental to Islam.

C) The purification of the umma was necessary to restore fidelity to Allah's message.

D) Intellectuals were trying to dilute the purity of the Qur'an.

22) The major emphasis of Sufism was

A) rejection of Shi'ite practices.

B) unity against Hindus.

C) rejection of worldly pleasures.

D) repressing secularism.

23) Wahhabism is

A) a conservative branch of Islam.

B) a pacifist philosophy adopted in China.

C) a branch of Islam concerned with withdrawing from the secular world.

D) the language used in Baghdad.

24) Ibn Rushd and Moses Maimonides left Spain because

A) they were trying to lead a revolution against the government.

B) they refused to adopt Islam.

C) the religiously conservative government was suspicious of intellectual pursuits.

D) the government attempted to purge Spain of all Muslims.

25) The mamluks were

A) mercenaries who rejected Islam.

B) Hindu warriors who defeated the caliphate.

C) Hindu slaves who converted to Islam and joined the caliph's army.

D) Turkish slaves who became efficient warriors.

26) Which of the following practices helped develop unity and cohesion among all Muslims?

A) standard Sabbath prayers

B) adoption of the Persian language throughout the empire

C) pilgrimage to Mecca

D) purification of the umma

27) What was the Abbasid capital under al-Mu’tasim?

A) Samarra

B) Baghdad

C) Mecca

D) Persepolis

28) In what century did Abbasid rule weaken, leading to loss of territory?

A) 700

B) 900s

C) 1100s

D) 1300s

29) The group that ruled eastern Persia in the 800s and 900s was the

A) Guptas.

B) Ghaznavids.

C) Samanids.

D) Seljuk.

30) Which occurrence (or occurrences) led to the creation of an impressive cultural center at Ghazni?

A) a series of seventeen raids by the “Sword of Islam”

B) the trading connections along the Silk Road

C) the defeat of the Samanids and Turks

D) the new forms of taxation implemented during the Gupta

31) Mahmud of Ghazni did all of the following EXCEPT

A) annex the Punjab to his empire.

B) permit the Seljuk Turks to use grazing pastures in his territory.

C) lead seventeen raids on northwestern India.

D) adopt Hinduism as the major religion of India.

32) Which of the following does NOT help to explain the centuries-old Hindu-Muslim conflict?

A) Islam is uncompromisingly monotheistic; Hinduism is polytheistic.

B) Islam asserts the equality of all men before Allah; Hinduism is based on a caste system that validates social inequality.

C) The Ghaznavids treated the Hindus harshly when they invaded India.

D) The attacks of Harun al-Rashid

33) The group that finally put an end to Ghaznavid rule was the

A) Buddhists.

B) Seljuks.

C) Ghurids.

D) Abbasids.

34) Why did the Muslim conquerors view Buddhism as a greater threat than Hinduism?

A) Hinduism does not seek converts; Buddhism does.

B) Buddhist monks enjoyed greater prestige than Hindu priests.

C) The ruling family of India had previously adopted Buddhism.

D) Hindus willingly assimilated into Islamic culture; Buddhists resisted.

35) How did the Buddhist response to Islamic conquest differ from the response of the Hindus?

A) The Hindus fought back, but Buddhists would not.

B) The Buddhists fought back, but Hindus would not.

C) The Buddhists welcomed the Muslims, but Hindus hated them.

D) The Hindus welcomed the Muslims, but Buddhists did not.

36) Which of the following statements about the Delhi Sultanate is NOT true?

A) This was an Islamic regime.

B) This regime was established by the Ghurids.

C) It unified all of India.

D) This regime eventually attempted to attain stability by collaborating with the Hindus.

37) What was the impact of the Ghurids on Buddhism in India?

A) Buddhism gained in importance over Hinduism.

B) Buddhism was driven out of India.

C) Buddhism gained in importance as Hinduism declined.

D) Buddhism became the official state religion.

38) Southeast Asia is an agriculturally rich region; however, farming in the region has proven to be rather difficult. Why?

A) There is not enough rainfall.

B) The soil is not fertile.

C) Much of the area is covered by rain forest.

D) Most of the islands are seismically active.

39) The first Southeast Asian state originated

A) near the Yellow River.

B) in the Mekong River delta.

C) in the Indus River valley.

D) on the coast of the Pacific Ocean.

40) The first Southeast Asian state was known as

A) Funan.

B) Mekong.

C) Kra.

D) Malay.

41) Why was the Isthmus of Kra significant to Chinese and Indian merchants?

A) This was a major trading port where the Europeans came to buy silk and spices.

B) It provided a direct route for shipping cargo as opposed to traveling around the Malay peninsula.

C) It was the only area in southern Vietnam that was considered to be safe from pirates.

D) It provided an alternative to traveling from the South China Sea to the Bay of Bengal.

42) Which culture exerted the greatest influence on southeast Asia in the first and second centuries C.E.?

A) Chinese

B) Indian

C) Islamic

D) Persian

43) The early peoples of Southeast Asia were which of the following?

A) Indians

B) Malays

C) Polynesians

D) Japanese

44) The state of Funan is in present day

A) Korea.

B) Thailand.

C) Burma.

D) Vietnam.

45) The main ethnic group of modern Cambodia is known as the

A) Funan.

B) Malay.

C) Khmer.

D) Veda.

46) Which of these occupied modern Vietnam, but was expelled in the 900s?

A) Cambodia

B) China

C) Japan

D) India

47) Which culture was dominant in early Cambodia?

A) Islamic

B) Hindu

C) Christian

D) Buddhist

48) Which of these elements of Indian culture was NOT adopted in Cambodia?

A) Hindu and Buddhist coexistence

B) a bureaucracy dominated by military and religious leaders

C) architecture

D) the caste system

49) Which of the following statements about Angkor Wat is NOT true?

A) This was the site of an extensive Buddhist temple complex.

B) This was the site of the capital of the Cambodian empire.

C) The elaborate buildings and ceremonial rooms in this complex were dedicated to Vishnu.

D) After the collapse of the Khmer empire, this complex was abandoned and forgotten.

50) Which of these absorbed Funan?

A) Burma

B) Vietnam

C) Cambodia

D) India

51) What was the center of Srivijaya?

A) modern Cambodia

B) Burma

C) Sumatra

D) the Malay Peninsula

52) What was the economic base of Srivijaya?

A) overland trade with southern China

B) maritime trade

C) mining

D) farming

53) What was the dominant religion of Srivijaya?

A) Buddhism

B) Hinduism

C) a unique Buddhist-Hindu synthesis

D) Islam

54) What was Borobodur?

A) a Hindu temple complex

B) the main trading center of Srivijaya

C) a trading empire

D) a Buddhist temple complex

55) What was the fate of Srivijaya by the 1200s?

A) conquest by Cambodia

B) disintegration

C) destruction by Dutch merchants

D) conquest by Vietnam

True/False Questions

1) The Qur'an requires that all prayers be recited in Arabic.

2) The Abbasids were Shi'ite Muslims.

3) The caste system was adopted in Cambodia.

4) By the early 800s, Baghdad had a larger population than Constantinople.

5) Muslims used rags made from linen and cotton to make paper.

6) Sufis advocated enjoyment of worldly goods to demonstrate that they were blessed by God.

7) The mamluks were pacifist Buddhist monks.

8) Harun al-Rashid was ruler in the time of Baghdad’s golden age.

9) Persian culture was encouraged under the Abbasid caliphs.

10) The Abbasid caliphs moved the center of Islam eastward.