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Leadership in Organizations

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E i g h t h E d i t i o n

Leadership in Organizations

Gary Yukl University of Albany

State University of New York

ISBN 10: 0-13-277186-1 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-277186-3

Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on the appropriate page within text.

Copyright © 2013, 2010, 2006, 2002, 1998 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290.

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Yukl, Gary A. Leadership in organizations / Gary Yukl. — 8th ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-13-277186-3 1. Leadership. 2. Decision making. 3. Organization. I. Title. HD57.7.Y85 2013 303.3'4—dc23

2011046801

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For her love and support this book is dedicated to Maureen.

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BRIEF CONTENTS

Preface xv

Chapter 1 Introduction: The Nature of Leadership 1 Chapter 2 Nature of Managerial Work 23 Chapter 3 Effective Leadership Behavior 48 Chapter 4 Leading Change and Innovation 76 Chapter 5 Participative Leadership and Empowerment 105 Chapter 6 Leadership Traits and Skills 135 Chapter 7 Contingency Theories and Adaptive Leadership 162 Chapter 8 Power and Influence Tactics 185 Chapter 9 Dyadic Relations and Followers 221 Chapter 10 Leadership in Teams and Decision Groups 247 Chapter 11 Strategic Leadership in Organizations 276 Chapter 12 Charismatic and Transformational Leadership 309 Chapter 13 Ethical, Servant, Spiritual, and Authentic Leadership 340 Chapter 14 Cross-cultural Leadership and Diversity 360 Chapter 15 Developing Leadership Skills 381 Chapter 16 Overview and Integration 404

References 424 Author Index 483 Subject Index 499

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preface xv

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION: THE NATURE OF LEADERSHIP 1

Definitions of Leadership 2 Indicators of Leadership Effectiveness 8 Major Perspectives in Leadership Theory and Research 10 Level of Conceptualization for Leadership Theories 14 Other Bases for Comparing Leadership Theories 18 Organization of the Book 20 Summary 20

Review and Discussion Questions 21

Chapter 2 NATURE OF MANAGERIAL WORK 23

Activity Patterns for Managers 24 Decision Making and Planning by Managers 26 Managerial Roles 29 Demands, Constraints, and Choices 31 Other Determinants of Managerial Work 34 Limitations of the Descriptive Research 39 Guidelines for Managers 40 Summary 44

Review and Discussion Questions 45    CASE: Acme Manufacturing Company 45

CHAPTER 3 EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP BEHAVIOR 48

Ways for Describing Leadership Behavior 48 Major Types of Leadership Behavior 50 Methods for Studying the Effects of Leader Behavior 53 Effects of Task and Relations Behaviors 56 Planning Work Activities 58 Clarifying Roles and Objectives 59 Monitoring Operations and Performance 61 Supportive Leadership 63 Developing Subordinate Skills 65

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