Www law umkc edu faculty projects ftrials conlaw home html

Internet Resources

U.S. Constitution (on Cornell Law School website)

http://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/constitution.overview.html

Structure of the federal courts

http://www.uscourts.gov/understand02/content_3_0.html

Structure of Texas state courts

http://www.courts.state.tx.us/publicinfo/AR2001/jb/court_structure_chart.pdf

U.S. Supreme Court website

http://www.supremecourtus.gov/

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit

http://www.fedcir.gov/

Supreme Court Cases at Oyez website

http://www.oyez.org

Exploring Constitutional Conflicts Project: The Incorporation Debate

http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/FTrials/conlaw/incorp.htm

National Constitution Center information on judicial review

http://www.constitutioncenter.org/explore/BasicGoverningPrinciples/ JudicialReview.shtml

Law school information website including case reviews and law dictionary

http://www.4lawschool.com/

Legal information website

http://www.findlaw.com/

Chapter 2

Federal Criminal Resource Manual—Procedure 11: Pleas, U.S. Department of Justice, U.S. D.O.J. website, Oct. 1997.

http://www.usdoj.gov/usao/eousa/foia_reading_room/usam/title9/crm00623.htm

“Great Closing Arguments,” Jacob A. Stein, article on FindLaw website, June 2000.

http://writ.news.findlaw.com/commentary/20000612_stein.html

http://www.uscourts.gov/understand02/content_3_0.html
http://www.courts.state.tx.us/publicinfo/AR2001/jb/court_structure_chart.pdf
http://www.supremecourtus.gov/
http://www.fedcir.gov/
http://www.constitutioncenter.org/explore/BasicGoverningPrinciples/
“Steps in a Criminal Case,” Michigan Prosecuting Attorneys Coordinating Council, MPACC

website, Nov. 2005.

http://www.michiganprosecutor.org/Process.htm

The Prosecutor v. Stanislav Galic—Decision on Rebuttal Evidence, Apr. 2003, on United Nations’

Website.

http://www.un.org/icty/galic/trialc/decision-e/030402_2.htm

Grand Jury Manual, U.S. Department of Justice, U.S. D.O.J. website.

http://www.usdoj.gov/atr/public/guidelines/4371.htm

American Jury Institute website

http://www.fija.org/

“More on What's Wrong with the Modern Jury: How Juror Selection Can Be Improved,” Vikram

David Amar, column on FindLaw website, Feb. 2004.

http://writ.news.findlaw.com/amar/20040220.html

“Federal Habeas Corpus Review: A Brief Overview,” Todd Maybrown, article on FindLaw

Website, Sept. 1999.

http://profs.lp.findlaw.com/habeas/

“Defendants' Incentives for Accepting Plea Bargains,” Nolo website.

http://www.nolo.com/article.cfm/ObjectID/4E8D6815-1797-46FC-

8F8AB242FFE6391A/catID/D4C65461-8D33-482C-92FCEA7F2ADED29A/104/143/272/ART/

“Persuasion at Trial: Opening Statements,” Jeffrey T. Frederick, originally published in Defense

Practice Notebook pp. 76-78 (1996), reprinted at National Legal Research Group website.

http://www.nlrg.com/jrsd/articles/opening.html

Chapter 3

“Probable Cause, Reasonable Suspicion, and Reasonableness Standards in the Context of the Fourth

Amendment and the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act,” Congressional Research Service,

Memorandum, Jan. 2006.

http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/intel/m013006.pdf

“The Impact of the USA PATRIOT Act: An Update,” Nancy Kranich, Commentary at Free Expression Policy

Project website, Aug. 2003.

http://www.fepproject.org/commentaries/patriotactupdate.html

http://www.usdoj.gov/atr/public/guidelines/4371.htm
http://www.fija.org/
http://profs.lp.findlaw.com/habeas/
http://www.nolo.com/article.cfm/ObjectID/4E8D6815-1797-46FC-8F8AB242FFE6391A/catID/D4C65461-8D33-482C-92FCEA7F2ADED29A/104/143/272/ART/
http://www.nolo.com/article.cfm/ObjectID/4E8D6815-1797-46FC-8F8AB242FFE6391A/catID/D4C65461-8D33-482C-92FCEA7F2ADED29A/104/143/272/ART/
http://www.nlrg.com/jrsd/articles/opening.html
http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/intel/m013006.pdf
http://www.fepproject.org/commentaries/patriotactupdate.html
“Understanding Search and Seizure Law,” Nolo website.

http://www.nolo.com/article.cfm/objectID/DED24689-ADA8-4785-

887A0B4A19A694DE/104/143/127/ART/

“Requirements for Establishing Probable Cause,” Annotations at FindLaw website.

http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/data/constitution/amendment04/02.html

“Do You Remember? Refreshing Your Recollection of Past Judicial Decisions,” Ralph B. Strickland, Jr.,

North Carolina Justice Academy website, Oct. 1994.

http://www.jus.state.nc.us/NCJA/legoct94.htm

Searching and Seizing Computers and Obtaining Electronic Evidence in Criminal Investigations, Computer

Crime and Intellectual Property Section, Criminal Decision, U.S. Department of Justice, U.S.

D.O.J. website, July 2002.

http://www.usdoj.gov/criminal/cybercrime/s&smanual2002.htm

“When Is a Search Warrant Not Necessary?” Supreme Court Historical Society, Every People Response

Activity at Landmark Cases website.

http://www.landmarkcases.org/mapp/when.html

USA PATRIOT Act Search Warrant, American Library Association Office for Intellectual Freedom, A.L.A.

website, 2006.

http://www.ala.org/Template.cfm?Section=ifissues&Template=/

ContentManagement/ContentDisplay.cfm&ContentID=51866

“The Fourth Amendment and Traffic Stops: Bright-Line Rules in Conjunction with the Totality of the

Circumstances Test,” Aaron H. Mendelsohn, originally published in Journal of Criminal Law and

Criminology, vol. 88, issue 3 (1996), pp. 930-956, reprinted at Questia website, 2002.

http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5001378294

10. Oyez Directory: Criminal Procedure: Search and Seizure, Vehicles

http://www.oyez.org/oyez/portlet/directory/0/17/

Chapter 4

“The Inevitable Discovery Exception to the Exclusionary Rule,” E. M. Hendrie, FBI Law Enforcement

Bulletin, Sept. 1997.

http://www.fbi.gov/publications/leb/1997/sept697.htm

Criminal Law—Exclusionary Rule—Inevitable Discovery Doctrine—Seventh Circuit Holds that the

Inevitable Discovery Doctrine Does Not Apply to Evidence Seized in an Impermissible Search of a Third

Party—United States v. Johnson (2004), Harvard Law Review, vol. 118, no. 2, Dec. 2004.

http://www.harvardlawreview.org/issues/118/Dec04/Recent%20Cases/US_v_JohnsonFTX.pdf

http://www.nolo.com/article.cfm/objectID/DED24689-ADA8-4785-887A0B4A19A694DE/104/143/127/ART/
http://www.nolo.com/article.cfm/objectID/DED24689-ADA8-4785-887A0B4A19A694DE/104/143/127/ART/
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/data/constitution/amendment04/02.html
http://www.jus.state.nc.us/NCJA/legoct94.htm
http://www.usdoj.gov/criminal/cybercrime/s&smanual2002.htm
http://www.ala.org/Template.cfm?Section=ifissues&Template=/
http://www.ala.org/Template.cfm?Section=ifissues&Template=/
http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5001378294
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/portlet/directory/0/17/
http://www.fbi.gov/publications/leb/1997/sept697.htm
http://www.harvardlawreview.org/issues/118/Dec04/Recent%20Cases/US_v_JohnsonFTX.pdf
“Miranda and the Exclusionary Rule,” Supreme Court Historical Society, article at Landmark Cases

website.

http://www.landmarkcases.org/miranda/exclusionary.html

Mapp v. Ohio (1961), at Oyez website.

http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/223/

“Grand Jury Investigations,” University of Dayton School of Law website.

http://www.udayton.edu/~grandjur/feedback/nav/investigations_gj.htm

“The Exclusionary Rule in a Computer-Driven Society: The Case of Arizona v. Evans (1995),” Supreme

Court Historical Society, Landmark Cases website.

http://www.landmarkcases.org/mapp/society.html

“Arizona v. Evans: Adapting the Exclusionary Rule to Advancing Computer Technology,” C. Maureen

Stinger, Richmond Journal of Law and Technology, Feb. 1996.

http://law.richmond.edu/jolt/v2i1/stinger.html

“From the Incident through the System Legally: Knowledge Base of Legal Concepts,” University of

Wisconsin Parkside website, Jan. 1999.

http://oldweb.uwp.edu/academic/criminal.justice/exclusion.htm

“Freedom versus Societal Cost: In Defense of the Fourth Amendment Exclusionary Rule,” Donald E.

Wilkes, originally published in The Georgia Defender, April 1984, reprinted on University of

Georgia Law School website.

http://www.law.uga.edu/academics/profiles/dwilkes_more/27freedom.html

Chapter 5

“Flight as Justification for Seizure: Supreme Court Rulings,” Michael E. Brooks, FBI Law

Enforcement Bulletin, vol. 69, num. 6, June 2000, p. 28.

http://www.fbi.gov/publications/leb/2000/jun00leb.pdf

Fourth Amendment Annotations at FindLaw website.

http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/data/constitution/amendment04/04.html

“Deception Detection through Blob Analysis Aids Homeland Security and May Reduce Racial

Profiling,” Jay P. Raman, Internet Law Journal, Jan. 2006.

http://law.case.edu/student_life/organizations/tilj/content.asp?id=177

http://www.landmarkcases.org/miranda/exclusionary.html
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/223/
http://www.udayton.edu/~grandjur/feedback/nav/investigations_gj.htm
http://www.landmarkcases.org/mapp/society.html
http://law.richmond.edu/jolt/v2i1/stinger.html
http://oldweb.uwp.edu/academic/criminal.justice/exclusion.htm
“The New York City Police Department’s Stop and Frisk Practices,” Office of Eliot Spitzer,

Attorney General of the State of New York, Dec. 1999, N.Y. Attorney General website.

http://www.oag.state.ny.us/press/reports/stop_frisk/stop_frisk.html

“History and Scope of the Fourth Amendment” at FindLaw website.

http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/data/constitution/amendment04/01.html

Kansas City Missouri Police Department Legal Bulletin No. 00-1. Subject: Unprovoked Flight as

the Basis for a Terry Stop.

http://www.kcpd.org/masterindex/Files/Lb/LB0001.pdf

“State Police Not Making Traffic Stops Based on Race or Ethnicity According to Study,”

Pennsylvania State Police Public Information Office, Pennsylvania State Police website,

June 2005.

http://www.psp.state.pa.us/psp/cwp/view.asp?A=11&Q=173400

“Terry v. Ohio in the Trenches: A Glimpse at How Courts Apply ‘Reasonable Suspicion’,” George

C. Thomas, St. John’s Law Review, Summer 1998.

http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3735/is_199807/ai_n8796690

Chapter 6

“Warrantless Entries to Arrest: Constitutional Considerations,” E M. Hendrie, Jr., FBI Law

Enforcement Bulletin, vol. 67, no. 9, Sept. 1998, p. 25.

http://www.fbi.gov/publications/leb/1998/sept98.pdf

Florida Case Law Update – “05-05: Warrantless Arrest – "Fellow Officer Rule" Can Be Applied to

Misdemeanors,” Steve Brady, Feb. 2005, on Florida Department of Law Enforcement

website.

http://www.fdle.state.fl.us/OGC/Case_Updates/cu05-05_3-09.html

“Searches Incident to Arrest: Another Look” (incl. Knowles v. Iowa), T. D. Colbridge, FBI Law

Enforcement Bulletin, vol. 68, no. 5, May 1999, p. 27.

http://www.fbi.gov/publications/leb/1999/may99leb.pdf

http://www.oag.state.ny.us/press/reports/stop_frisk/stop_frisk.html
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/data/constitution/amendment04/01.html
http://www.kcpd.org/masterindex/Files/Lb/LB0001.pdf
http://www.fbi.gov/publications/leb/1998/sept98.pdf
http://www.fdle.state.fl.us/OGC/Case_Updates/cu05-05_3-09.html
http://www.fbi.gov/publications/leb/1999/may99leb.pdf
“Search Warrants: What They Are and When They’re Necessary,” Nolo website.

http://www.nolo.com/article.cfm/objectId/50CD91FC-B21D-4BE7-

BA4818C8E29AC758/104/143/127/ART/

“2218 Seizure Upon Exigent Circumstances Without Notice and an Opportunity for a Pre-

Seizure Hearing (Possible Removal of Occupants),” U.S. Department of Justice, U.S.

D.O.J. website.

http://www.usdoj.gov/usao/eousa/foia_reading_room/usam/title9/crm02218.htm

The 'Lectric Law Library's Legal Lexicon On Arrest.

http://www.lectlaw.com/def/a100.htm

What Counts as a "Crime" For Fourth Amendment Purposes? Why Arrests for "No Arrest

Offenses" Violate the Fourth Amendment.

http://writ.lp.findlaw.com/colb/20071114.html

Force Continuums: Three Questions.

http://policechiefmagazine.org/magazine/index.cfm?fuseaction=display_arch&article

_id=791&issue_id=12006

Due Process and Deadly Force

http://www.virginiacops.org/articles/Force/useof.htm

U.S. Attorneys Office Website: 1918 Arrest of Illegal Aliens by State and Local Officers

http://www.usdoj.gov/usao/eousa/foia_reading_room/usam/title9/crm01918.htm

Chapter 7

“Using Drug Detection Dogs,” J. S. Walker, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, vol. 70, no. 4, April

2001, p. 25.

http://www.fbi.gov/publications/leb/2001/apr01leb.pdf

“Consent Searches,” J.W. Holcomb, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, vol. 71, no. 5, May 2002, p.

25.

http://www.fbi.gov/publications/leb/2002/may2002/may02.pdf

http://www.nolo.com/article.cfm/ObjectID/50CD91FC-B21D-4BE7%20BA4818C8%20E29AC758/catID/070D5BDE-D53D-4D32-B79BCB997390CD33/%20104/ART/
http://www.nolo.com/article.cfm/ObjectID/50CD91FC-B21D-4BE7%20BA4818C8%20E29AC758/catID/070D5BDE-D53D-4D32-B79BCB997390CD33/%20104/ART/
http://www.usdoj.gov/usao/eousa/foia_reading_room/usam/title9/crm02218.htm
http://www.fbi.gov/publications/leb/2001/apr01leb.pdf
http://www.fbi.gov/publications/leb/2002/may2002/may02.pdf
“Exploring Constitutional Conflicts: When do searches or drug tests of students in the public

schools violate the Fourth Amendment guarantee against unreasonable searches?”

Douglas O. Linder, University of Missouri-Kansas City Law School website.

http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/conlaw/searches.htm

“Individualized Suspicion Required For Student Searches,” Duff & White, LLC, FindLaw website,

1998.

http://library.findlaw.com/1998/Dec/1/128937.html

“The Case for National DNA Identification Cards,” Ben Quarmby, Duke University Law and

Technology Review, Jan. 2003.

http://www.law.duke.edu/journals/dltr/articles/2003dltr0002.html

Electronic Evidence and Search & Seizure Legal Resources

http://www.usdoj.gov/criminal/cybercrime/searching.html

Chapter 8

“The Role of Race in Law Enforcement,” R. G. Schott, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, vol. 70, no.

11, Nov. 2001, p. 24.

http://www.fbi.gov/publications/leb/2001/nov01leb.pdf

“Vehicle Stops Involving Extremist Group Members,” J. Kobolt, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin,

vol. 68, no. 12, Dec. 1999, p. 18.

http://www.fbi.gov/publications/leb/1999/dec99leb.pdf

The Supreme Court Upholds Suspicionless Dog Sniffs,” Michael C. Dorf, FindLaw website, Feb.

2005.

http://writ.news.findlaw.com/dorf/20050201.html

“Searching Vehicles Without Warrants” (visor card), Federal Law Enforcement Training Center,

F.L.E.T.C. website, Oct. 2003.

http://www.fletc.gov/legal/downloads/visorcard.pdf

The motor vehicle exception: when and where to search – Legal Digest,” Lisa A. Regini,

originally published in FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, July 1999, reprinted on FindArticles

http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/conlaw/searches.htm
http://library.findlaw.com/1998/Dec/1/128937.html
http://www.law.duke.edu/journals/dltr/articles/2003dltr0002.html
http://www.usdoj.gov/criminal/cybercrime/supplement/ssgsup.htm
http://www.usdoj.gov/criminal/cybercrime/supplement/ssgsup.htm
http://www.fbi.gov/publications/leb/2001/nov01leb.pdf
http://www.fbi.gov/publications/leb/1999/dec99leb.pdf
website.

http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2194/is_7_68/ai_55343322

“Valid Searches and Seizures Without Warrants,” FindLaw website.

http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/data/constitution/amendment04/03.html

“Racial Profiling: Old and New” (press release),” American Civil Liberties Union Press Office,

A.C.L.U. website. http://www.aclu.org/racialjustice/racialprofiling/index.html

Racial Profiling Data Collection Resource Center at Northeastern University website.

http://www.racialprofilinganalysis.neu.edu/

“Racial Profiling in an Age of Terrorism,” Peter Siggins, Markkula Center for Applied Ethics at

Santa Clara University website, March 2002.

http://www.scu.edu/ethics/publications/ethicalperspectives/profiling.html

Chapter 9

“Electronic Surveillance: A Matter of Necessity,” T. D. Colbridge, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin,

vol. 69, no. 2, Feb. 2000, p. 25.

http://www.wiu.edu/library/govpubs/guides/elecsurv.htm

“Curtilage: The Expectation of Privacy in the Yard,” E. M. Hendrie, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin,

vol. 67, no. 4, Apr. 1998, p. 25. http://www.fbi.gov/publications/leb/1998/aprleb.pdf

(p. 25)

“Fourth Amendment: Eliminating the Inadvertent Discovery Requirement for Seizures Under

the Plain View Doctrine, Richard J. Hall, Journal of Criminal Justice and Criminology, vol.

81, no. 4, Winter 1991, pp. 819-840.

http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0091-4169(199124)81%3A4% 3C819%3AFAETID%

3E2.0.CO%3B2-4

“Another stab at Schneckloth: the problem of limited consent searches and plain view seizures

(excerpt),” Michael J. Friedman, integral article published in Journal of Criminal Law and

Criminology, vol. 89, 1998, excerpt reprinted at Questia website.

http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb6700/is_199809/ai_n26572743

“Florida Case Law Update 01- 10: Search of a Person on Curtilage,” Steve Brady, Florida

Department of Law Enforcement, F.D.L.E. website.

http://www.fdle.state.fl.us/OGC/Case_Updates/cu0110_09-14.html

http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0091-4169(199124)81%3A4%25
“Search, Seizure and (False?) Arrest: An Analysis of Fourth Amendment Remedies when Police

can Plant Evidence”, Dhammika Dharmapala (University of Connecticut)

Thomas J. Miceli (University of Connecticut)

http://ideas.repec.org/p/uct/uconnp/2003-37.html

“1917 Arrest, Search, and Seizure by Immigration Officers,” U.S. Department of Justice Criminal

Resource Manual, U.S. D.O.J. website, Oct. 1997.

http://www.usdoj.gov/usao/eousa/foia_reading_room/usam/title9/crm01917.htm

“Border Searches,” article on ONECLE website.

http://law.onecle.com/constitution/amendment-04/18-border-searches.html

“Valid Searches and Seizures Without Warrants,” annotations at FindLaw website.

http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/data/constitution/amendment04/03.html

Chapter 10

“239 Power to Order Lineup -- Right to Counsel,” U.S. Attorneys Criminal Resource Manual,

U.S. Department of Justice website, Oct. 1997.

http://www.usdoj.gov/usao/eousa/foia_reading_room/usam/title9/crm00239.ht

m

“Lineups, Showups and Photographic Spreads: Legal and Practical Aspects Regarding

Identification Procedures and Testimony,” John Wasberg, Washington Attorney

General’s Office, Washington State Government website, Oct. 2004.

https://fortress.wa.gov/cjtc/www/led/Articles/LINEUPS_%20ID_122104.pdf

“Accidental ID may be inadmissible,” David Ziemer, Wisconsin Law Journal, Oct. 2005.

http://www.wislawjournal.com/archive/2005/1005/id.html

“Eyewitness decision-making with showups: Probative or perilous?” (dissertation), Jason

James Dickinson, Florida International University Digital Commons, F.I.U. website,

2005.

http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/dissertations/AAI3190945/

“Criminal Law -- Photographic Identification Not Impermissibly Suggestive,” Mark A.

Goldsmith, originally published in Michigan Bar Journal, Oct. 1997, reprinted on

FindLaw website.

http://library.findlaw.com/1997/Oct/1/131944.html

“Reflections on the Wisconsin Supreme Court,” Diane S. Sykes, Marquette University Law

School website, Mar. 2006.

http://204.11.208.101/s3/site/images/alumni/HallowsLecture.pdf

“Eyewitness identification: Guidelines and recommendations for identification procedures

in the United States and in Canada, A. Daniel Yarmey, originally published in

Canadian Psychology, Aug. 2003, reprinted on FindArticles website.

http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3711/is_200308/ai_n9258453

“Recommendations For Eyewitness Identification,” North Carolina Actual Innocence

Commission, Innocence Project website.

http://www.innocenceproject.org/docs/NC_Innocence_Commission_Identificatio

n.html

“Suddenly, a big impact on criminal justice,” Kathryn Foxhall, Monitor on Psychology, vol.

31, no. 1, Jan. 2000, American Psychological Association website.

http://www.apa.org/monitor/jan00/pi4.html

The Role of Brain Fingerprinting in Criminal Proceedings

http://www.brainwavescience.com/Role%20of%20BF%20in%20Criminal.php

Chapter 11

“Miranda Revisited: Dickerson v. U.S.,” T. D. Petrowski, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, vol. 70,

no. 8, Aug. 2001, p. 25. http://www.fbi.gov/publications/leb/2001/aug01leb.pdf (p.

25)

“Constitutional Rights to Counsel During Interrogation,” K. A. Crawford, FBI Law Enforcement

Bulletin, vol. 71, no. 9, Sept. 2002, p. 28.

http://www.fbi.gov/publications/leb/2002/sept02leb.pdf (p. 28)

“U.S. Government Info / Resources: Miranda Rights” at About website.

http://usgovinfo.about.com/cs/mirandarights/

“The Sixth Amendment Right to Counsel,” K. A. Crawford, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, vol. 70,

no. 7, July 2001, p. 27.

http://www.fbi.gov/publications/leb/2001/july01leb.pdf (p. 27)

“Statements Compelled from Law Enforcement Employees,” M.E. Brooks, FBI Law Enforcement

Bulletin, vol. 71, no. 6, June 2002, p. 26.

http://www.fbi.gov/publications/leb/2002/june02leb.pdf (p. 26)

“Custodial Interrogation,” ONECLE website.

http://law.onecle.com/constitution/amendment-06/18-custodial-interrogation.html

“False Confessions,” statement on Innocence Project website.

http://www.innocenceproject.org/understand/False-Confessions.php

“Miscellaneous Interrogation Issues,” James P. Manak, A.E.L.E. website, 2003.

http://www.aele.org/interrogations.html

“Rethinking Miranda: Custodial Interrogation as a Fourth Amendment Search and Seizure,”

Timothy P. O’Neill, originally published in UC Davis Law Review, vol. 37, 2004, abstract

available at Social Sciences Research Network Website.

http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=543502

“Harmless Error and the Right to Appeal: How Strictly Should the Federal Rules Be Construed?”

Rhonda Wasserman, University of Pittsburgh Law School website.

http://www.law.pitt.edu/wasserman/other5.htm

Chapter 12

Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure, Legal Information Institute, Cornell Law School website.

http://www.law.cornell.edu/rules/frcrmp/

The Elimination of Hung Juries: Retrials and Nonunanimous Verdicts. William S. Neilson and

Harold Winter.

http://web.utk.edu/~wneilson/IRLE-March-2005.pdf

“Right to Trial by Impartial Jury,” Annotations at FindLaw website.

http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/data/constitution/amendment06/04.html

“Introduction to the Death Penalty,” U.S. Courts, U.S. Courts website.

http://www.uscourts.gov/outreach/topics/deathpenalty_intro.html

“Lockhart v. McCree” (statement on death-qualified juries), American Psychological Association,

A.P.A. website.

http://www.apa.org/psyclaw/lockhart.html

“The Art of Trial Advocacy,” Faculty, The Judge Advocate General’s School, The Army Lawyer,

Feb. 1999, reprinted at U.S. Air War College website.

http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/law/advocacy_discovery.pdf

“Double Jeopardy: Development and Scope,” Annotations at FindLaw website.

http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/data/constitution/amendment05/02.html

“Mrs. Burns' Lesser Included Offense Pyramid: Important New Rules for Charging the Jury,

David L. Raybin, Nov. 1999, FindLaw website.

http://library.findlaw.com/1999/Nov/1/189959.html

Amnesty International USA. Fair Trials Manual

http://www.amnestyusa.org/International_Justice/Fair_Trials_Manual/page.do?id=1

104744&n1=3&n2=35&n3=843

“Publicity Does Not Equal Prejudice,” Steven Helle, originally published in the Illinois Bar

Journal, vol. 85, Jan. 1997, pp. 16-21, reprinted on University of Illinois at Urbana-

Champaign website.

https://netfiles.uiuc.edu/steveh/www/pubprej.htm

Chapter 13

Juvenile Justice Reform Initiatives in the States. “Sentencing Authority.”

http://ojjdp.ncjrs.org/PUBS/reform/ch2_k.html

U.S. Department of Justice Asset Forfeiture Program Home Page.

http://www.usdoj.gov/jmd/afp/

Drug control and asset seizures: a review of the history of forfeiture in England and colonial

America.

http://www.fsu.edu/~crimdo/forfeiture.html

Helping America’s Youth. Intensive Supervision Probation

http://guide.helpingamericasyouth.gov/programdetail.cfm?id=597

National Hardcore Drunk Driver Project. Intensive Supervision Program.

http://www.dwidata.org/sourcebook/c23.cfm

The United States Attorney’s Office. District of Colorado. The Restitution Process for Victims of

Federal Crimes.

http://www.usdoj.gov/usao/co/victim_witness_info/restitution.html

Los Angeles County District Attorney’s Office. Bad Check Restitution Program.

http://da.co.la.ca.us/badcheck.htm

The Sentencing Project

http://www.sentencingproject.org

Federal Sentencing Guidelines Manuals and Amendments

http://www.ussc.gov/guidelin.htm

Sentencing Disparities in the Criminal Justice System

http://www.aopc.org/index/Supreme/BiasCmte/FinalReport.ch4.pdf

Chapter 14

"Legal Liability as a Form of Regulation: A Comparison of Police, Playgrounds and Personnel"

Charles Epp

http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/0/6/5/9/5/p65957

_index.html

Police Pursuit and High-Speed Driving Lawsuits. Andrew G. Cooley, Attorney at Law, and Brock

Gavery, Attorney at Law, Keating Bucklin & McCormack, Inc., P.S., Seattle, Washington

http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/0/6/5/9/5/p65957

_index.html

Typical Section 1983 Claims. Maureen M. Middleton

http://library.findlaw.com/1999/Jan/1/126485.html

Section 1983 Litigation. Karen M. Blum and Kathryn R. Urbonya

http://www.fjc.gov/public/pdf.nsf/lookup/Sect1983.pdf/$file/Sect1983.pdf

Risk Management Information. Police Policies and Official Immunity

http://www.lmnc.org/media/document/1/policeandofficialimmunity.pdf

Police Liability Under State Tort Law for Failure to Enforce Protection Orders: The Last Demand

for Accountability. Danielle Lynn Lordi

http://www.law.uoregon.edu/org/olr/archives/85/851lordi.pdf

http://pview.findlaw.com/view/2292071_1?channel=CCC
http://www.lmnc.org/media/document/1/policeandofficialimmunity.pdf
Civil Liability for Law Enforcement Pursuit Driving (I) 2007 (2) AELE Mo. L. UJ. 101 Civil Liability

Law Section – February, 2007

http://www.aele.org/law/2007LRFEB/2007-02MLJ101.pdf

Federal Bureau of Investigation – Color of Law

http://www.fbi.gov/hq/cid/civilrights/color.htm

International Association of Chiefs of Police. The Confusing State of "Clearly Established Law"

Elliot B. Spector

http://www.theiacp.org/documents/index.cfm?document_id=397&document_type_i

d=11&fuseaction=document

Municipalities and Police Agencies as Defendants: Liability for Official Policy. Rolando V. Del

Carmen and Victor E. Kappeler.

http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&lr=&q=info:BGuTLdJ2ANgJ:scholar.google.c

om/&output=viewport

Chapter 15

Text of the USA PATRIOT Act at FindLaw website.

http://news.findlaw.com/hdocs/docs/terrorism/hr3162.pdf

USA Patriot Act. American Civil Liberties Union Website

http://action.aclu.org/reformthepatriotact/

“USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act,” press releases, White House website

http://www.whitehouse.gov/infocus/patriotact/

Department of Homeland Security website

http://www.dhs.gov/dhspublic/

Central Intelligence Agency website

https://www.cia.gov/index.html

State and Local Fusion Centers

http://www.dhs.gov/xinfoshare/programs/gc_1156877184684.shtm

http://news.findlaw.com/hdocs/docs/terrorism/hr3162.pdf
http://www.whitehouse.gov/infocus/patriotact/
http://www.dhs.gov/dhspublic/
Fusion Center Guidelines

http://www.it.ojp.gov/topic.jsp?topic_id=209

United States Code Annotated Title 18. Crimes and criminal procedure Part II--Criminal

Procedure Chapter 206--pen registers and trap and trace devices

http://www.usdoj.gov/criminal/cybercrime/pentrap3121_3127.htm

Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 42 U.S.C. § 3789d

http://www.usdoj.gov/crt/split/42usc3789d.htm

Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act Website

http://www.fas.org/irp/agency/doj/fisa/