Madeleine leininger transcultural nursing theory ppt

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Running head: TRANSCULTURAL NURSING

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TRANSCULTURAL NURSING

Transcultural Nursing Culture of Care by Madeleine Leininger

Gabrel Crabb, Koleen Dumindin, Deborah Edokpayi,

Javier Enriquez, Simone Gordon, & Heather Hammaker

South University

NSG5002- Advanced Theoretical Perspectives for Nursing

Week 4, Assignment 2

Dr. Crystal Fuller, DNP

February 28, 2017

PowerPoint Outline

I. Dr. Madeleine Leininger A. Brief Overview of the Background B. The Sunrise Model

II. Four Metaparadigms

A. Nurse

B. Patient

C. Environment

D. Health

III. Two Unique Concepts to Transcultural Nursing A. Care B. Culture

IV. The Theoretical Assertions and Propositions A. Care B. Culture

V. Leininger’s Culture Care Theory Critique and Analysis A. Description of Model B. Strengths C. Weaknesses

VI. Leininger Bullets A. Theory's Implications

VII. References

References

Leininger, M. (2002, July 3). Culture care theory: A major contribution to advance transcultural nursing knowledge and practices. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 13, 189-192.

Purnell, L. (2009). Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach (3rd ed.). [Digital Bookshelf]. Retrieved from https://digitalbookshelf.southuniversity.edu/#/books/9780803620735/

Transcultural Nursing Theory Article Review 1

The Culture care theory: a major contribution to advance transcultural nursing knowledge and practice article by Madeleine Leininger elaborated about the importance and evolvement of culture based nursing and how it can affect the future of nursing. Culturally competent healthcare professionals are the major factors in increasing patient satisfaction and reducing the different causes of disparities such as gender, races and health complications (Purnell, 2009). Have you ever wondered how much intricacy in healthcare we can avoid and cost we can save if we equipped our healthcare personnel to be competent in caring a diverse population?

The article focused on the major and unique features of the culture care diversity and universality theory as a major reinforcement to increase advance transcultural nursing knowledge and to use the results in education, practice, research and collaboration. The theory has remained one of the oldest, most holistic and most comprehensive to produce wisdom to differentiate and recognize the similarities of cultures worldwide. The theory has been a great tool to explore the unknown knowledge in the world of nursing and health care. The assurance to provide transcultural congruent nursing care, competent and safe was made possible by the theory. The central purpose of the theory is to explore and understand various and common culturally based circumstance affecting the health, well-being, illness, or death of people (Leininger, 2002). Some of the feature of the theory is that it is the most holistic and multidimensional to discover specific culturally based care practices. It has abstract and practical features to deliver culturally congruent care.

Conclusion

With the many tragic events happening around the world, the importance of understanding of transcultural violence, racism, hatred and killing of innocent people should be a priority. The amount of troubles we can avoid would be significant if we have the knowledge to care for the diverse society. The article has proven strong correlation about the transcultural theory and patient satisfaction.

References

Gustafson, D. (2005). Transcultural Nursing Theory from a Critical Cultural Perspective. Advances in Nursing Science, 28, 2-16.

Purnell, L. D. (2014). GUIDE TO Culturally Competent Health Care (3rd ed.). Retrieved from Digital Bookshelf. Retrieved from: https://digitalbookshelf.southuniversity.edu/#/books/9780803641181/cfi/0!/4/2/2@0:74.4

Transcultural Nursing Theory Article Review 2

“Culture is defined as a composite of multiple differences producing, individual identity” (Gustafson, 2005, p. 2). We have established in many situations especially in nursing that being culturally competent is important to reach a successful outcome. Culturally competent is an individual who possess a set of skills, attitudes and communication ability to work harmonically with clients and families from diverse backgrounds. A health care professional who has a good understanding of her own culture, beliefs, values and their clients is in a good position to increase opportunity to promote health and wellness, prevent injuries and restore health and wellbeing (Purnell, 2014).

The article “Transcultural Nursing Theory from a Critical Cultural Perspective” by Diana Gustafson, identified two problems of the transcultural nursing theory. The author believes that the transcultural nursing theory works from a liberal perspective. It concentrates on a broadly defined limited concept of culture. Although the transcultural nursing theory shapes the nursing program and institutional policy, the author identified two problems in the theory. First the social and political framework of transcultural nursing theory misrepresent the suitable nursing care in a broadly defined but narrow concept of culture. Secondly, it is inaccurate because it roots from a liberal and depoliticizing point of view that maintains rather than separate the primary ways of approaching the human irregularities.

Conclusion

It is important to treat client in a holistic way; addressing all their needs in every aspect. The physical, mental, social, spiritual and cultural demands of patients and families will vary from one another. Self-awareness of our own values, beliefs and culture and a better understanding of multicultural diversities will assist us in promoting health, wellness and a state of equilibrium.

Reference

Busher Betancourt, Daniel A. 2015. Madeleine Leininger and the Transcultural Theory

of Nursing. The Downtown Review, Volume 2 Issue 1 Article 1. Retrieved from

http://engagedscholarship.csuohio.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1020&context=tdr.

Transcultural Nursing Theory Article Review 3

In 2015, Daniel Busher Betancourt’s article for The Downtown Review, he examined Madeleine Leininger’s Theory of Transcultural Nursing. He explored her principles and how they are relevant to past present and future nursing. Within his article he also determined how this theory affected his current nursing practice.

Betancourt explains that Leininger’s theory helps to layout the nurse patient relationship more thoroughly. The nurse is at the bedside with the patient more often than any other medical personnel and is the one who implements the care of the patient. The objective for a nurse is for him or her to engulf him or herself into acquiring a thorough knowledge of cultures and the diversities that exist. Following the acquisition of this knowledge, the nurse must implement care that follows the cultural practices of the patient and to the patient’s standards.

The author further states that with the globalization of healthcare the importance of transcultural nursing is growing rapidly. Nurses have the benefit of meeting people from many different countries and backgrounds. While patients get benefit from the nursing care, the nurse also gains benefit from giving culturally sensitive care. Nurse provide interventions that cause curing but there can be no curing without care, and no care without being culturally sensitive to the patient’s needs. When a patient requires care outside the usual realm of care, nurse need to communicate with the patient and provide and accommodate what they can.

The author of this article clearly states and explains the Theory of Transcultural Nursing by Madeleine Leininger. He identifies the key feature and a clear understanding of her message about the advantages of providing care congruent with the cultural needs of the patient. Since Betancourt is of Puerto Rican descent, he could provide a personal perspective of the significance of living in an environment that is not of his cultural majority.

Conclusion

I believe it is critical for nurses to gain knowledge of their patients’ cultural realities to provide the very best care for their patients. I believe we are living in a world that enables us to encounter patients of many different cultural back grounds, and that our sensitivities to the patients must include acknowledgements of cultural needs to meet not only physical needs of the patients but also emotional needs.

Reference

Murphy, Sharon C. 2006. Mapping the Literature of Transcultural Nursing. Journal of the

Medical Library Association, Volume 94. Retrieved from

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1463039/.

Transcultural Nursing Theory Article Review 4

Cultural care is not simply being aware of the need for culturally sensitive care but engaging in understanding and educating yourself to this care. Knowing as a nurse you need to provide holistic care is not enough. We, as nurses, must never stop educating ourselves and other nurses on the importance and existence of different cultural practices. We must know, largely know, and vaguely know cultural practices.

The author of this article, Sharon C. Murphy, identifies the need to implement a process for educating and expanding nurse’s knowledge of transcultural care; the basis for Madeleine Leininger’s theory. This article identifies the role of transcultural nurses. According to Murphy, nurses are open to new and current cultural care symbols, expressions, and meanings. Murphy proposes in her article that transcultural care has become recognized as one of the most rapidly growing and important aspects as the global community as it becomes more closely tied and complex. In the past thirty years nursing leaders and educators have identified this as a major part of education for nurses, as well as an urgent need for expansion. The article referenced the lack of citations relevant to transcultural nursing with the bulk of citations being during the years 1982-2000. The author also refers to the major contributors as being from the United States. This shows the recent trend in acceptance to cultural nursing, but it also identifies the need to expand both locally in the United States but also in other nations.

Conclusion

Murphy clearly states the need for transcultural nursing as well as those dedicated to the expansion of this theory in practice and education in her article. I believe that we must further develop research as well as implementation of transcultural nursing into course work for new and current nurses. The dedication of understanding the cultures is, in my opinion, pivotal to our care of patients. I also believe that this article is extremely important in identifying the need to establish further education of nurses into the need for this holistic care approach. Research is gaining popularity into this field, but it is easy to see that expansion of this theory is needed to further provide our practice with best care methods.

References

Dougerty, Molly C. 1979. Transcultural Nursing Concepts, Theories, and Practices. Medical

Anthropology Newsletter, Vol. 10, No. 4 (Aug., 1979), pp. 23-25. Retrieved from

https://www.jstor.org/stable/648185?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Transcultural Nursing Theory Article Review 5

Transcultural nursing is not debated on importance in nursing care. With this being said, as nurses we must never accept one theory’s model and need to look at all available models and develop improved versions of current knowledge. Madeleine Leininger’s theory of Transcultural Nursing is a building block for furthering nursing care but will need building as more is understood about diverse cultures and how they continue to evolve.

Molly Dougerty, in Transcultural Nursing Concepts, Theories, and Practices article, reviewed Madeleine Leininger’s theory of Transcultural nursing and agreed about the importance of the concept but states her belief of the need to further its model. She identifies the practical use of its application for undergraduate and beginning graduate nursing students. She states in Leininger’s book that the chapters provide insights by other writers, and she thinks there is a clear lack of correspondence into their publishing’s. Dougerty believes that a greater continuity is needed between the groups of authors. She does state that there is good data about the multiple cultural groups within the United States and the relevance of this data to caring for a diverse population, but she points out that much of the data is old and needs to continually be updated. She acknowledges Leininger’s role in the nursing community and regards her and her theory as the originator of transcultural nursing and culturally sensitive care.

Conclusion

This article reminds us as nurses that we must always continue to build and mold theory and practices to fit the ever-changing needs of our patients. I believe this article has extreme importance for nurses in remembering to critique nursing theory. We must not just accept what is placed in front of us. As one of my nursing professors stated in my undergrad “trust but verify” what we are given as practice. Often it is difficult to go against leaders in the field, but we will not become leaders without questioning and building current practice. Transcultural practice as stated, is relevant to positive patient outcomes, but there is an ever-changing need to grow all current practices.

Chart

Definitions

1. Care- assistive, supportive, and enabling experiences or ideas towards others with evident or anticipated needs to ameliorate or improve a human condition or lifeway. Caring refers to actions, attitudes and practices to help others with healing and wellbeing (Leininger, 2008).

2. Culture- Leininger 2008, defined culture as “...the learned, shared, and transmitted values, beliefs, norms, and lifeways of a particular culture that guides thinking, decisions, and actions in patterned ways and often intergenerationally."

3. emic and etic care- The term emic refers to the local, indigenous, or insider’s cultural knowledge and view of the phenomena; whereas, etic refers to the outsiders view and the health professional's view and knowledge of the phenomena (Leininger, 2008).

4. Ethnohistory- past facts, events, instances, and experiences of human beings, groups, cultures, and institutions that occur over time that help explain past and current views on cultural care influencers of health and wellbeing (Leininger, 2008).

5. Culture Care Universality- the commonly shared or similar culture care phenomena features of human beings or a group with recurrent meanings that serve as a guide for care givers to provide assistive, supportive, facilitative, or enabling people for healthy outcomes (Leininger, 2008).

PowerPoint Handout

Slide 1

Slide 2

Madeleine Leininger started her nursing career at St. Anthony’s School of Nursing in Denver Colorado in 1948. In 1950 she earned her B.S. from Benedictine College. In 1954 she earned her M.S. degree in psychiatric and mental health nursing from Catholic University of America in Washington D.C. Finally, in 1965 she completed her PhD in cultural and social anthropology at the University of Washington.

Slide 3

Dr. Leininger recognized the need for culture care early in her career and started to work on the concepts to build the theory of culture care and universality for many years with many publications and trips abroad to assist and promote research with her ethnonursing technique. She was recognized for her achievements and cultural diversity is taught in healthcare worldwide. She was awarded the living legend award in 1998 by the American Academy of Nursing. Her life and work can be viewed at www.Madeleine-Leininger.com

Slide 4

The four metaparadigms of nursing, nurse, patient, health and environment, are essential concepts that are mutual to all areas of nursing and nursing theories. (Butts & Rich, 2015).

These common concepts, though maybe spoken of differently in all the nursing theories, are all addressed at some point or another. One such nursing theory is the “Transcultural Nursing” developed by Madeleine Leininger in the 1950s. Understanding the differences and similarities of values, beliefs and practices of individuals or a group by studying their culture with the aim of providing nursing care that is universal and culture-specific to promote health and well-being is the premise of the Transcultural Nursing theory described by Kraut (2013).