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Plotless Sampling of Woody Vegetation, Point-Quarter Method
Introduction: The point-quarter center method is a plotless method that is commonly used by to estimate the density of vegetation, primarily trees.A line transect is established in the site to be sampled. Points along the line transect are established using a random number generator.At each point, compass directions are used to establish four quadrants. In each quadrant, the tree nearest the point on the line transect is identified. Once the data are recorded for all four quadrants (north, east, south, west), the field team moves along to the next point (Figure 1).

Procedure:

Points (referred to as the sample points) are located at random along a 50 meter line.

Four quadrants are formed at each sample point.
For each quadrant, select the tree that is closest to the sample point and identify it.Record the distance from the point to the tree (point to plant distance).The datasheet will contain data for four (4) individual trees for each sample point.

Lab exercise:
Materials: (per group) · 30 meter tape measure · compass · five flags to mark five points on transect and one origin flag · random number tables or sheet · two copies of the data sheet Field exercise: Work in assigned groups. At each of two locations within the woodland, each group will complete a sampling of the woody vegetation composition by using the point-quarter sampling technique. Establish a line transect passing through the stand. Use random numbers to establish five points along the transect in increasing order (e.g. 5, 16, 27, 32 and 48 m from the starting point). Each point represents the center of four compass directions (N, E, S, W) that divide the sampling site into four quadrants. In each quadrant record the species of the nearest tree. Note: Only count trees ≥ 9 cm DBH. Calculate stem density for each line using the following formula: Density = ____1_tree_______________ (mean point-to-plant distance)2 Density (transect 1) = Density (transect 2) = Calculate pi for each species in each transect Proportion of total individuals pi = # of individual of a species Total # of individuals (all species) Transect 1: p1 = _____ p2 = _______ p3 = _______ … Transect 2: p1 = _____ p2 = _______ p3 = _______ … Calculate the Shannon index (H) for both transects. H = -∑(pi)(ln pi) The Shannon index is a measure of diversity that takes into account both species richness and evenness (from Elements of Ecology, p.339 ) H (transect 1) = H (transect 2) = {Note that the maximum H value is the natural log of species richness, Hmax = ln(s)} Calculate Sorensen's coefficient of community (CC) between the two sites.