Https futureoflife org background benefits risks of artificial intelligence

Running head: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 1

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 8

Artificial Intelligence

Matt Torres

DeVry University

09/27/2017

Artificial Intelligence

Technology is undergoing advancement at a quicker speed such that power is in our pockets than it used to be in our homes in the 1900s. One of the key technological developments is the Artificial Intelligence (AI). Artificial intelligence involves development of computer systems to be able to perform duties that are in need of human intelligence, such as, the speech recognition, translation of different languages, visual perception as well as decision making. Big data is tending to increase the development of AI such that its integration in our daily lives is soon being witnessed. The influence of the technology on society can be observed from various components of society that include the social, cultural, political, economic, and environmental components. The influence can be constructive or descriptive.

Source: Future of Life (2017)

Socio-economic component

In the social setting, work sector is getting transformed with the artificial intelligence leaving us in a dilemma of predicting the future. Most people view the technology as a risk to the jobs, while other people argue that robots will only do a small range of tasks leaving the rest to humans. The individuals supporting the technology claims that artificial intelligence is likely to result to the emergence of complex virtual learning techniques as well as machines that are needed to perform a wider range of tasks. Also, the efficiency and accuracy of work is likely to be achieved. On the other hand, the second group claims that if machines continue to improve the performances beyond the human’s level, then human’s job is at risk.

Automatic technologies have already brought an impact throughout the economy. Over the past years, the industrial robots have intended to increase globally. This has lead to falling in prices of the robots, which is capable of operating for a long time without the interruption. The robots however become cost-competitive with human labor. In the service segment, computer algorithms carry out stock trades faster than human. However, as such technology becomes cheaper, more widespread and competent; the more is likely to be applied in the economy.

The introduction of automobiles in the daily life has reduced the horse-related jobs. There has been emergence of new industries leading to appositive effect on the employment sector. Besides the automobile industry growing very fast and increasing the number of jobs, other jobs have been created in various motel as well as fast-food industries that emerged to give service to the truck and motorist drivers. Creation of jobs has made people satisfy their physiological needs such as food and shelter, which are considered basic by Abraham Maslow in his theory of motivation.

The advancements in Artificial intelligence have lead to the identification of new materials to be used in manufacturing auto vehicles. For example, in the most recent, various scholars from the University of Basel in Switzerland used AI to identify up to 90 new materials. Also, in the year 2015, Toyota held a press conference in which the Toyota’s Executive Technical Advisor met with the CEO of the Toyota Research Institute to discuss potential ways of accelerating the scientific discovery in the material as well as environmental technology.

Indeed advancement in the artificial intelligence technology brings with it the displacement effect. Artificial technology displaces the workers from the tasks they were performing previously. For instance, the Automated teller Machines known as ATMs have led to a reduction on the number of bank clerks by taking off some of their expected routine duties. This is witnessed in the United States, where the number of clerks fell from 20 in 1988 to 13 in the year 2004 per branch. The reduction on the number of staff reduced the running cost of various banks giving an opportunity to open more branches across the country in response to the customer demand. The number of banks in the urban centers rose by almost 43% in the same period thus increasing the number of employees.

Cultural component

Most countries are considering artificial intelligence technology as smarter than man. They are however putting much effort on it with positive goals. In china, private companies are putting much effort in the department, though sometimes there exists a gap between them and the government thus blurring it. For example, Baidu also known as Google of China and have run Chinese military robots recently opened a joint company with the government. Regardless of such effort, United States still remains at the top n the usage of artificial intelligence.

The American people have assimilated artificial intelligence wholly in their lives such that it is like a culture. According to them, people are bound to so many problems that only need technology to solve. For instance, curing of diseases as well as, developing business systems. Artificial intelligence is growing very fast such that man will find it challenging to cope up with the situation. Why? Because human brain is of set size and is only bound to hold a limited amount of rational cortex and contain only a small material that enables us think or remember. Computer intelligence on the other hand has no limit. This explains why most American musicians adopt the technology to perform their careers. For instance, fiber optic lighting is being used on stage and in parades for costuming. Also, in the country, computer defeated Garry Kasparov one of the best chess player in the world.

Environment component

Besides convenience, Artificial Advancement has a direct impact on the environment. It does this by reducing the number of vehicles being used on the road thus reducing congestion and collision. With less vehicles on the road, fewer accidents are likely to be recorded thus no or no emergency vehicle dispatches. Also, fewer vehicles on the roads cut down some sources of pollution such as smoke. In most cases, transport system are responsible for the emissions, for instance, in the United States, one quarter of the green house gases originate from vehicles. This is according to the EPA. However, advancement of the Artificial intelligence could help in the reduction substantially. Additionally, Mark Clemens, the manager of Utah chapter of Sierra club supports that reduction of vehicles on the road will boost cleanness of the environment. This is because, less fuel are bought or burnt that would cause emissions in the environment (William, 2009).

Additionally, satellites or remote sensing generate a variety of data day by day. For instance, it generates images from across the globe with different frequencies, time or scales. Some of the images generated helps in the detection of phytoplankton in the ocean. Phytoplankton is one of the most important substances in the food web as it serves as the food for the aquatic. The accurate estimation of the phytoplankton is however essential in determining the productivity or biomass.

Also, remote sensing is used to classify or detect land cover through application of the same algorithms used in identifying the different types of vegetations such as, forests, forest fires, and regenerated trees after forest fires. The accurate information obtained from such remote sensing assist in avoiding further deforestation, mitigate diseases, plan, and control and understand the ecosystem.

Remote senses data

Source: Tewolde, & Cabral (2011)

Political component

Various governments are giving support to the Artificial intelligence. However, some governments have systematically misused the technology for their selfish purposes thus interfering with the democracy (Future of Life, 2017). This is witnessed on manipulating citizens during election periods. The manipulations are done through use of bots that spread fake information about the leader on the social media to increase public support. For example, Pro-Trump bots infiltrated online against the Clinton. Also, Macron Leaks used the bots to gain popularity before the French presidential election.

References

Future of Life (2017). Benefits and Risks of Artificial Intelligence. Future of Life Institute. Retrieved from https://futureoflife.org/background/benefits-risks-of-artificial-intelligence/

Hsieh, W. (2009). Machine Learning Methods in the Environmental Sciences. Cambridge.

Tewolde, M. G., & Cabral, P. (2011). Urban sprawl analysis and modeling in Asmara, Eritrea. Remote Sensing, 3(10), 2148-2165.