Includes all the activities involved in selling products

Wholesaling includes all the activities involved in selling products or services directly to final consumers for their personal, nonbusiness use.( )Page Ref: 392

Shopper marketing involves focusing the entire marketing process—from product and brand development to logistics, promotion, and merchandising—toward turning shoppers into buyers at the point of sale.( )Page Ref: 374

Department stores carry narrow product lines with deep assortments within those lines.

( )Page Ref: 375

Self-service retailers serve customers who are willing to perform their own locate-compare-select process to save time or money.( )Page Ref: 375

Full-service stores usually carry more specialty goods for which customers need or want assistance or advice.( )Page Ref: 375

In recent years, convenience stores have redesigned their stores to closely focus on serving their primary target market made up of young, blue-collar men.( )Page Ref: 377

Superstores are much larger than regular supermarkets and offer a large assortment of routinely purchased food products, nonfood items, and services.( )Page Ref: 377

Supermarkets sell a limited selection of goods at deep discounts to consumers who pay membership fees.( )Page Ref: 376

Supermarkets are located near residential areas and are open long hours, seven days a week; they carry a limited line of high-turnover goods.( )Page Ref: 376

Category killers are giant specialty stores that carry a very deep assortment of a particular line.( )Page Ref: 377

Off-price retailers pay regular wholesale prices for their merchandise but maintain low prices by accepting lower margins and selling higher volume.( )Page Ref: 378

A discount store buys at less-than-regular wholesale prices and charges consumers less than retail.( )Page Ref: 378

Independent off-price retailers either are independently owned and run or are divisions of larger retail corporations.( )Page Ref: 378

Corporate chains are two or more outlets that are commonly owned and controlled.

( )Page Ref: 379

A voluntary chain is a wholesaler-sponsored group of independent retailers that engages in group buying and common merchandising.( )Page Ref: 379

In a retailer cooperative, independent retailers band together to set up a jointly owned, central wholesale operation and conduct joint merchandising and promotion efforts.

( )Page Ref: 379

Retailers first must position themselves in a market and then decide how they will define the target customers in these markets.( )Page Ref: 381

A neighborhood shopping center has from 50 to more than 100 stores.( )Page Ref: 385

A community shopping center contains between 15 and 50 retail stores.

( )Page Ref: 385

Power centers tend to be smaller than lifestyle centers.( )Page Ref: 386

The life cycle of new retail forms is getting longer.( )Page Ref: 387

Retail convergence means lower competition for retailers and lower difficulty in differentiating the product assortments of different types of retailers.

( )Page Ref: 387

Megaretailers have shifted the balance of power between retailers and producers, giving retailers more power.( )Page Ref: 388

Many shoppers now check out merchandise online and then buy it at brick-and-mortar stores. This process is called showrooming. ( )Page Ref: 388

Green retailing yields both top- and bottom-line benefits. ( )Page Ref: 391