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Surname 1Student’s NameProfessor’s NameCourseDateThe Charkhi Dadri Mid-Air CollisionAn accident in the air is the worst nightmare that any pilot, crew, or passenger can imagine. The causes of air accidentsvarysignificantlyand depend on specific problems and circumstances that arise en route. However, head-on collision is the worsttype of accidents, with limited chances of survival. On November12, 1996,two planes crashedover Charkhi Dadri area close to Delhiin what is considered to be thefourth deadliest aviation disaster in the world (Purohitand Suthar3).The following paper will analyze theavailablefactsabout the case anddetermine the causes that led to the tragedy.The Charkhi Dadri mid-air collisioninvolved two aircrafts: Kazakhstan Airlines Ilyushin IL-76TD, registration UN-76435, charter service KZA1907.Saudi Arabian Airlines Boeing 747-168B, registration HZ-AIH, Flight SVA763 (Purohit and Suthar 3). The Charkhi Dadri area,where the planes collided in mid-air,islocatedabout 40 miles west of Delhi. All the349 passengers involved in the crash –27 in the Kazakhstan IL-76 aircraft and 312 in the Saudi Boeing –died on the sport (Purohitand Suthar 3). During the collision, the Saudi Boeing 747plane was headed to Dhahran, while the Kazakhstanairplane was en route to Delhi. After departing from Delhi, the Delhi Approach instructed the pilot in the Saudi Boeing plane to maintain an altitude of 14,000 feet. Similarly, the Kazakhstan plane was required to be at the
Surname 2height of 15,000 feet(Shahid). However, one of the planes,Kazakhstan IL-76,failed to steakto the required height and vertical separation as instructed by the Delhi Approach. Such failure of pilots to comply with the ATC instructions places passengers and other aircrafts in danger.At around 1840 hours (the Indian time), the Kazakhstan flight reported it had reached the assigned altitude, even though it was moving at 14,500 feet and descending (Shahid).The controller of the radar warned the pilot in the Kazakhstan IL-76 that the Saudi plane was oncoming head-on, though did not provide a direct order of the action to be taken.The two planesthen vanishedfrom the screenof the radar as they had crashed. The planes caught fire instantly aftercolliding at the speed of 500 km/hour (Purohitand Suthar 3). Responders to the accident found no casualtieson the ground.The Charkhi Dadri mid-air collisionis a terrifying accident that undoubtedly affected the progress of the aviation industry.The Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision was investigated by the Lahoti Commission headed by Ramesh Chandra, a Delhi High Court judge(Ashraf). From the investigation, itwas determined that the air accident had been caused by the failure of the Kazakhstani IL-76 first pilot,who had descended from the assigned altitude to 14,000 feet or lower(Ashraf). The crash was also blamed on the lack of English language skills on the part of the Kazakhstani airlines pilots. Following the head-on collision,which is the worst aviation accident ever to happen in India, the country’s Civil Aviation Authoritystrengthened the safety measures.In particular, it became mandatory for all the planes flying in and out of the country to be equippedwith an Airborne Collision Avoidance System (ACAS). The Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision highlights the importance of emphasizing English language skills in the trainingand selectionof pilots. Aproperunderstanding of the English language will prevent breakdowns in communication between controllers and pilots and ensure the safety of passengers.