Rough outline for research paper

Research Paper Rough Outline

TOPIC THAT YOU HAVE TO WRITE ABOUT IS “the relationship between class/socio-economic conditions and food access. And if you can focus more on ways to improve food access and make more households food insecure better will be really good”.

(this is the sample of rough outline that you have to do.) it doesn’t have to be the same though. It’s just for you to have the idea of how to do it.

Research Paper Rough Outline

Tentative Paper Title: Agriculture is Growing Up: VFs Are Now Green Economically and Environmentally

Tentative Thesis Statement: Vertical farms are a feasible and more environmentally sustainable alternative to traditional farming because of the comparatively small amount of precious resources they require.

I. Water:

a) Available freshwater and usage. I will explain how little freshwater there actually is on earth: http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=GFMfRVZH9G8C&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=Sandra+Postel+&ots=Jt3vsWVqX4&sig=mmzEXhJV0rzFcEeHcDCysrxTFlY#v=onepage&q=Sandra%20Postel&f=false (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. http://www.casavaria.com/sentido/environment/2004/04-0719-h2o.htm (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.b) Explain how anthropogenic factors like runoff and pollution are causing the water supply to rapidly shrink: http://www.unwater.org/water-cooperation-2013/water-cooperation/facts-and-figures/en/ (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.http://www.casavaria.com/sentido/environment/2004/04-0719-h2o.htm (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.c) Provide information on when we will run too low and include projections of a future with very little freshwater: http://www.unwater.org/water-cooperation-2013/water-cooperation/facts-and-figures/en/ (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.http://www.casavaria.com/sentido/environment/2004/04-0719-h2o.htm (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site., including international conflict over water resources: http://www.transboundarywaters.orst.edu/publications/abst_docs/Yoffe_Wolf_Giordano.pdf (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

d) Share information about vertical farm water saving potential (closed loop system and how the utilization of VFs can prevent this because they need very little water http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg22129524.100-vertical-farms-sprouting-all-over-the-world.html#.UvKsP3-9K (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.II. Pesticides, herbicides, and chemical fertilizers

a) Prevalence: http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/wonkblog/wp/2013/08/18/the-world-uses-billions-of-pounds-of-pesticides-each-year-is-that-a-problem (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.b) Direct link to bodily harm ~ cancer and other health problems: http://www.sustainablebabysteps.com/effects-of-chemical-fertilizers.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/153/11/1031.short (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.25.101802.123020 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.c) Cause ecosystem degradation and poor soil quality, which disrupts natural ecosystems http://www.esajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1890/03 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. http://www.soilandcarbon.com/documents/NREM612_10_Matson%20et%20al_1997_agricultural%20intensification.pdf (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

d) Explain why vertical farms don’t need pesticides and herbicides. VFs are indoor which eliminates the need for pesticides and herbicides, and hydro and aeroponics provides plenty of nutrients for the plants without fertilizers http://12.000.scripts.mit.edu/mission2014/solutions/hydroponics (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.III. Carbon dioxide

a) Amount produced by traditional farming

b) Agriculture is a major source of greenhouse gasses http://www.extension.iastate.edu/agdm/articles/others/TakApr08.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.c) It will only get worse with the current trends of urbanization http://www.verticalfarm.com/ (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.IV. Environmental harm caused by traditional farming and why vertical farming is more sustainable

a) Provide basics of climate change http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/basics/ (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

Desertification and soil erosion
How we are destroying and wasting the land we use http://www.verticalfarm.com/ (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
http://www.verticalfarm.com/more?essay1 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
Rate of land use
How quickly we will run out of space http://www.verticalfarm.com/ (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
http://www.sustainablecampus.cornell.edu/blogs/news/posts/u-n-report-sounds-alarm-on-farming-land-use-crisis (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.Deforestation/amount of rainforest detroyed to make room for crops http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/40893/icode/ (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.Vertical space-saving math
VFs can eliminate these problems by creating new space in the air http://www.verticalfarm.com/more (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.http://www.verticalfarm.com/more?essay1 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.Lowered carbon outputs (no tractors/plows, reduced shipping, less land use, use of arable land.
Use of solar power
c) Feasibiltiy of horizontal farming http://futuredirections.org.au/publications/food-and-water-crises/53-the-future-prospects-for-global-arable-land.htm (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.V. Solutions to power obstacles: addressing opposing viewpoints

a) Countering the argument that VF is expensive: http://www.greens.org/s-r/52/52-03.htm (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. http://www.triplepundit.com/2010/12/future-vertical-farms-asks-economist/ (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. http://www.treehugger.com/green-food/vertical-farms-arent-going-to-solve-our-food-problems.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.b) Thriving companies who engage in VF: http://nextbigfuture.com/2008/09/vertical-farming-details-and-updates.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.http://edition.cnn.com/2012/12/09/business/eco-singapore-vertical-farm/ (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

c) Pink houses: http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/05/21/185758529/vertical-pinkhouses-the-future-of-urban-farming (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

d) Dynamic angling: http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/05/21/185758529/vertical-pinkhouses-the-future-of-urban-farming (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg22129524.100-vertical-farms-sprouting-all-over-the-world.html#.UvKsP3-9KSM (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

VI. Recap of Benefits / Conclusion

a) No weather-related crop failure

b) Year-round growing season

c) Reduced transportation costs

http://www.organicconsumers.org/btc/local.cfm (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

d) green, sustainable, logical solution