Joseph “Pitt” Hyde opened the first Auto Shack auto parts store in 1979 in Forrest City, Arkansas. Having served on the board of directors at Walmart for seven years, Hyde built on the big box’s business model and concentrated on smaller markets in the South and South- east, emphasizing service and everyday low prices. The auto parts retailer enjoyed early success and grew to almost 200 stores by 1984. Shortly thereafter, the Duralast private label was launched, and the company changed its name to AutoZone. By 1991, the retailer had amassed nearly 600 stores and went public. Sales topped $1 billion in 1992. John Adams replaced Hyde as CEO and chairman in 1997. In 1998, AutoZone acquired Chief Auto Parts, converting its 560 stores—mostly in California—into AutoZones the following year. The company also acquired Adap’s 112 Auto Palace Stores in the Northeast. In the early 2000s, emphasis shifted from acquisition to inter- nal growth. In 2003, AutoZone amassed 12 percent of the $36-billion DIY automotive aftermarket. By 2004, AutoZone had grown into the leading automotive after- market retailer with over $5 billion in annual revenues. AutoZone stores sell parts under a variety of brand names and private labels and offer diagnostic testing ser- vices, but they do not sell tires or perform repairs. A typi- cal store stocks over 20,000 parts, with thousands more available by special order. Most AutoZone stores are free- standing, with the remainder located in strip malls. AutoZone targets the do-it-yourself (DIY) consumer with cars more than seven years old (i.e., what the company calls OKVs—“our kind of vehicles”). Today, the company also continues to grow its do-it-for-me business by selling 10. At the global level, the period from World War II to the late 1980s was marked by A. an increase in trade protection. B. a decrease in trade protection. C. an absence of U.S. imports. D. none of the above 11. When the value of the U.S. dollar increases, U.S. firms A. compete at an advantage in foreign markets. B. compete at a disadvantage in foreign markets. C. tend to decrease exports to nations whose currencies are directly tied to the dollar. D. none of the above 12. A decline in a nation’s GDP for two or more consecutive quarters is known as A. a depression. B. a recession. C. economic stagnation. D. none of the above n to professional repair shops through its AZ Commercial program, although not all stores participate in this endeavor. Future prospects for both segments bode well for AutoZone, however, as continued steady growth is projected in both the DIY and the do-it-for-me segments. AutoZone’s emphasis on DIY consumers means that the company stands to benefit with the average age of vehicles on the road. Put another way, when an economic downturn lowers demand for new vehicles, consumers who continue to drive their old ones look to aftermarket parts retailers like AutoZone to keep them in good condition. Today, AutoZone operates about 5,200 retail auto parts stores in the United States, Mexico, and Brazil, accounting for $10.2 billion in total revenue.