Synthesis of trans cinnamic acid from benzaldehyde and malonic acid

Please help answer P1-P4 for this Perkin Reaction Lab

Perkin Reaction Organic REActivity PERKIN REACTION (ALDOL CONDENSATION) The Reaction Scheme: Formation of trans-cinnamic acidExperimental: id potassium carbonate to a 50 mL round- 1. Add the benzaldehyde, acetic anhydride, and potassium carbonate toPerkin Reaction P3. Carbonic acid IS formed in the Perkin Reaction. As such, what observable evidence do you have? P4. Propos

Perkin Reaction Organic REActivity PERKIN REACTION (ALDOL CONDENSATION) The Reaction Scheme: Formation of trans-cinnamic acid The following reaction is named the Perkin Reaction. It is a very specific type of Aldol condensation that forms a variety of cinnamic acid derivatives. In this lab, you will perform a Perkin reaction using benzaldehyde and potassium carbonate in acetic anhydride to form trans- cinnamic acid (1). Trans-cinnamic acid is a natural compound found in the oil of cinnamon and is often used as a flavor component of cinnamon. O K₂CO₃ O O CyH60 Mol. Wt.: 106.12 bp: 178°C C4H603 Mol. Wt.: 102.09 bp: 140°C C9H2O2 Mol. Wt.: 148.16 mp: 135°C Paired Experiment Formation of trans-cinnamic acid via the Perkin condensation involves a 60 minute reflux. Ample time is available during the reaction to stop and think more critically about what's happening at the molecular level. Isolation and characterization of the products will be required. Set-up: A. Set up sand bath on a hot plate into which seal round bottomed flask can fit. B. Obtain the following items in no particular order: 50 mL round bottom flask (RBF) 5 mL acetic anhydride 3g benzaldehyde 3.8g K2CO3 1 magnetic stir bar Reflux condenser 2 condenser lines Heating plate Sand bath Thermometer C. Clamp your 50 mL round bottomed flask to the monkey bars. D. Add the stir bar to the flask.
Experimental: id potassium carbonate to a 50 mL round- 1. Add the benzaldehyde, acetic anhydride, and potassium carbonate to a bottomed flask with a magnetic stir bar. 2. Attach a reflux condenser. 3. Place the flask in a sand bath or heating mantel, let it stir vigorously, and heat to renu (-190°C sand bath temperature). 4. Reflux for 60 minutes. - Note: Solution will foam and will turn to a yellow-green-like color with the texture of a slushy. Note the starting time of reflux in your notebook Partner Work Partner Work: With your partner, while your solution is refluxing, discuss and answer the following questions. P1. Draw the Lewis Dot Strcuture for K2CO3 in the space below: P2. Carbonic acid (HOCOOH) is unstable and decomposes to CO2(g). Given this information, propose a mechanism for the degradation pathway for carbonic acid.
Perkin Reaction P3. Carbonic acid IS formed in the Perkin Reaction. As such, what observable evidence do you have? P4. Propose a mechanism for the reaction to form cinnamic acid (Hint: This is an Aldol condensation process] Group Discussion: STOP Your instructor comprehensive cinnamic acid now guide a discussion through a mechanism for the formation of trans- below to make any revisions. e OH K₂CO₃