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BBA 3551, Information Systems Management 1

Course Learning Outcomes for Unit IV Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:

2. Distinguish the similarities and differences between the personal knowledge management tools.

5. Evaluate the approaches to developing organizational knowledge management strategies.

Reading Assignment Chapter 6: The Cloud Chapter 7: Processes, Organizations, and Information Systems

Unit Lesson In Unit III, we discussed the basic concepts of hardware and software. We also discussed open source software development, database management systems, and compared the differences between native and thin-client applications. Lastly, we explored mobile systems and the characteristics of quality mobile user experiences. In this unit, we will discuss the cloud and how the cloud works, the types of business processes, and ERP systems. Networks and IP Addresses The author of your textbook does a great job of breaking down computer networks as described below:

A computer network is a collection of computers that communicate with one another over transmission lines or wirelessly… A local area network (LAN) connects computers that reside in a single geographic location on the premises of the company that operates the LAN. The number of connected computers can range from two to several hundred. The distinguishing characteristic of a LAN is a single location. A wide area network (WANs) connects computers at different geographic locations. The computers in two separated company sites must be connected using a WAN… An internet is a network of networks. Internets connect LANs, WANs, and other internets. The most famous internet is "the Internet” (with an uppercase letter I) …In addition to the Internet, private networks of networks, called internets, also exist. A private internet that is used exclusively within an organization is sometimes called an intranet (Kroenke, 2015, p. 206).

An IP address is a number that identifies a particular device. Public IP addresses identify a particular device on the public Internet. Because public IP addresses must be unique worldwide, their assignment is controlled by a public agency known as ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers). Private IP addresses identify a particular device on a private network, usually on a LAN. Their assignment is controlled within the LAN. The private/public IP address scheme has two major benefits. First, public IP addresses are conserved. All of the computers on the LAN use only one public IP address. Second, by using private IP addresses, you need not register a public IP address for your computer with ICANN-approved agencies. Furthermore, if you had a

UNIT IV STUDY GUIDE

The Cloud, Processes, Organizations, and Information Systems

BBA 3551, Information Systems Management 2

public IP address for your computer, every time you moved it the Internet would have to update its addressing mechanisms to route traffic to your new location. Such updating would be a massive burden. Once again, Kroenke gives a wonderful description; this time of the virtual private network:

A virtual private network (VPN) uses the Internet to create the appearance of private, secure connections. In the IT world, the term virtual means something that appears to exist but in fact does not… a VPN uses the public Internet to create the appearance of a private connection on secure network… The remote user is the VPN client… Once the Internet connection is made, VPN software on the remote user's computer establishes a connection with the VPN server… The VPN client and VPN server then have a secure connection. That connection, called a tunnel, is a virtual, private pathway over a public or shared network from the VPN client to the VPN server (Kroenke, 2015, pp. 223-224).

The Cloud Cloud computing is defined “as the elastic leasing of pooled computer resources over the Internet” (Kroenke, 2015, p. 199). The term elastic is used because the amount of leased resources can grow or shrink in response to needs seamlessly and quickly, and fees are charged only for resources used. The term pooled is used because many organizations share the physical hardware through virtualization. The term Internet is important because cloud resources are accessed using standardized Internet protocols and standards. Cloud-based computing does not require a large investment in typical computing center resources. Organizations will not have to invest in significant development costs, maintenance costs, support costs, personnel costs, management costs, and will not bear the risks of technical obsolescence. Cloud computing customers expect excellent computing resources to be provided and expect excellent security and support. If an organization chooses to utilize in-house computing, it retains control over its physical computing resources and knows exactly how its computing resources are secured and protected. Some of the most salient advantages of cloud computing are:

 lower costs,