Cloud computing by kris jamsa pdf

Cloud Computing

In 300 – 450 words, and using the Jamsa (2013) textbook as your ONLY source:

List FOUR (4) questions to ask about Collaborative Tools as stated by Jamsa. Then, in YOUR OWN words, and in response to the four questions, and from a business owner's perspective, explain possible issues that could arise in the business if the questions are NOT answered.

Chapter 7 Collaboration in the Cloud Collaborating in the Clouds

Questions to Ask About Collaborative Tools

Web-Based Collaboration Began with Web Mail

Instant Messaging Isn’t What It Used to Be

Cloud-Based Phone and Fax Systems

Revisiting File Sharing

Editing Shared Files Within the Cloud

Collaborating via Web Logs (Blogs)

Collaborative Meetings in the Cloud

Virtual Presentations and Lectures
Using Social Media for Collaboration
Using Cloud-Based Calendar Management Using Streaming Video Content to Collaborate

Please note to refer Chapter-7, and answer the 4 questions. Textbook as attached.

Brief Contents

Preface

Chapter 1 Introducing Cloud Computing

Chapter 2 Software as a Service (SaaS)

Chapter 3 Platform as a Service (PaaS)

Chapter 4 Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Chapter 5 Identity as a Service (IDaaS)

Chapter 6 Data Storage in the Cloud

Chapter 7 Collaboration in the Cloud

Chapter 8 Virtualization

Chapter 9 Securing the Cloud

Chapter 10 Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity and the Cloud

Chapter 11 Service-Oriented Architecture

Chapter 12 Managing the Cloud

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Chapter 13 Migrating to the Cloud

Chapter 14 Mobile Cloud Computing

Chapter 15 Governing the Cloud

Chapter 16 Evaluating the Cloud’s Business Impact and Economics

Chapter 17 Designing Cloud-Based Solutions

Chapter 18 Coding Cloud-Based Applications

Chapter 19 Application Scalability

Chapter 20 The Future of the Cloud

Glossary of Key Terms

Index

Credits

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Contents

Preface

Chapter 1 Introducing Cloud Computing

Web 2.0 and the Cloud

Distinguishing Cloud Types

Cloud Deployment Models

Cloud Service Models

Exploring Uses of the Cloud

Introducing Scalability

Introducing Virtualization

Collecting Processing Power Through Grid Computing

Chapter Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Review

Chapter 2 Software as a Service (SaaS)

Getting Started with SaaS

Understanding the Multitenant Nature of SaaS Solutions

Understanding OpenSaaS Solutions

Understanding Mashups

Understanding Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

Chapter Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Review

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Chapter 3 Platform as a Service (PaaS)

IT Evolution Leading to the Cloud

Benefits of PaaS Solutions

Disadvantages of PaaS Solutions

Chapter Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Review

Chapter 4 Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Understanding IaaS

Improving Performance Through Load Balancing

Taking a Closer Look at Load Balancing

System and Storage Redundancy

Utilizing Cloud-Based NAS Devices

Advantages of IaaS Solutions

Server Types Within an IaaS Solution

Chapter Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Review

Chapter 5 Identity as a Service (IDaaS)

Understanding Single Sign-On (SSO)

Understanding How SSO Works

Understanding Federated Identity Management

Understanding Account Provisioning

Understanding OpenID

Mobile ID Management

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Chapter Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Review

Chapter 6 Data Storage in the Cloud

Examining the Evolution of Network Storage

Understanding Cloud-Based Data Storage

Advantages and Disadvantages of Cloud-Based Data Storage

Getting Past the Fear of Cloud-Based Data

Cloud-Based Backup Systems

Understanding File Systems

Industry-Specific Cloud-Based Data Storage

Cloud-Based Database Solutions

Cloud-Based Block Storage

Chapter Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Review

Chapter 7 Collaboration in the Cloud

Collaborating in the Clouds

Questions to Ask About Collaborative Tools

Web-Based Collaboration Began with Web Mail

Instant Messaging Isn’t What It Used to Be

Cloud-Based Phone and Fax Systems

Revisiting File Sharing

Editing Shared Files Within the Cloud

Collaborating via Web Logs (Blogs)

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Collaborative Meetings in the Cloud

Virtual Presentations and Lectures

Using Social Media for Collaboration

Using Cloud-Based Calendar Management

Using Streaming Video Content to Collaborate

Cloud-Based TV Content

Chapter Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Review

Chapter 8 Virtualization

Understanding Virtualization

The History of Virtualization

Leveraging Blade Servers

Server Virtualization

Desktop Virtualization

Desktop Solutions on Demand

Virtual Networks

Data Storage Virtualization

Not All Applications Are Well Suited for Virtualization

Why Virtualize?

Chapter Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Review

Chapter 9 Securing the Cloud

General Security Advantages of Cloud-Based Solutions

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Introducing Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery

Understanding Data Storage Wiping

Understanding Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) Attacks

Packet Sniffing

Man-in-the-Middle Attack

Monitoring Device Screens

Malicious Employees

Hypervisor Attack

Guest-Hopping Attack

SQL-Injection Attack

Physical Security

Chapter Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Review

Chapter 10 Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity and the Cloud

Understanding the Threats

Threat: Disk Failure

Threat: Power Failure or Disruption

Threat: Computer Viruses

Threat: Fire

Threat: Floods

Threat: Disgruntled Employees

Threat: Lost Equipment

Threat: Desktop Failure

Threat: Server Failure

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Threat: Network Failure

Threat: Database System Failure

Threat: Phone System Failure

Understanding Service-Level Agreements

Measuring Business Impact: The Essence of Risk Mitigation

Disaster Recovery Plan Template

Chapter Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Review

Chapter 11 Service-Oriented Architecture

Understanding Service-Oriented Architecture

Web Services Are Not Web Pages

Many Companies Provide Web Services

Discovering Web Services

Understanding Web Service Performance

Web Service and Reuse

Scaling Web Services

Web Services and Loose Coupling

Treating a Web Service as a Black Box

Web Service Interoperability

Web Service Description Language

Governing Web Services

Chapter Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Review

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Chapter 12 Managing the Cloud

Know Your Service-Level Agreement

Ensure and Audit System Backups

Know Your System’s Data Flow

Beware of Vendor Lock-In

Source-Code Escrow

Determine Technical Support and Help Desk Procedures

Determine Training Procedures

Know the Provider’s Security Policies and Procedures

Define the Data Privacy Requirements

Know Specifics About the Economics of the Cloud and Return on Investment

Monitor Capacity Planning and Scaling Capabilities

Monitor Audit-Log Use

Solution Testing and Validation

Chapter Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Review

Chapter 13 Migrating to the Cloud

Define the System Goals and Requirements

Protect Your Existing Data

Use an Experienced Cloud Consultant

Know Your Application’s Current Characteristics

Remember Vendor Lock-In

Define Your Training Requirements

Establish a Realistic Deployment Schedule

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Review the Budget Factors

Identify IT Governance Issues

Understanding Cloud Bursting

Chapter Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Review

Chapter 14 Mobile Cloud Computing

The Evolution of Mobile Computing

Understanding the G in 3G and 4G

The Mobile Cloud Ecosystem

Introducing the Mobile Players

Pages, Apps, and Widgets

Revisiting the Role of HTML

Mobile Development Considerations

Chapter Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Review

Chapter 15 Governing the Cloud

Understanding Corporate Governance

Understanding Business Strategy

Measure What Is Important

Inspect What You Expect

Understanding Internal Controls

Extending Governance to Information Technology

Cloud Computing Governance

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Chapter Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Review

Chapter 16 Evaluating the Cloud’s Business Impact and Economics

Business Economics

Total Cost of Ownership

Economies of Scale

Capital Expenditures

Operational Expenses

Return on Investment

Profit Margins

Moore’s Law and the Cloud

Understanding Right-Sizing

Defining a Large Data Center

Other Economic Key Performance Indicators

Marketing the Cloud

Chapter Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Review

Chapter 17 Designing Cloud-Based Solutions

Revisit the System Requirements

When to Select a Development Environment

Design Is a Give-and-Take Process

Designing for Accessibility

Designing for Audit

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Designing for Availability

Designing for Backup

Designing for Existing and Future Capacity

Designing for Configuration Management

Designing for Deployment

Designing for Disaster Recovery

Designing for the Environment (Green Computing)

Designing for Interoperability

Designing for Maintainability

Designing for Performance

Designing for Price

Designing for Privacy

Designing for Portability

Designing for Recovery

Designing for Reliability

Designing for Response Time

Designing for Robustness

Designing for Security

Designing for Testability

Designing for Usability

Chapter Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Review

Chapter 18 Coding Cloud-Based Applications

Creating a Mashup Using Yahoo! Pipes

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Creating a Simple Yahoo! Pipe

Using Google App Engine

Creating a Hello, World! Application with Google App Engine

Downloading the Google App Engine Software Development Kit

Deploying a Simple Google App Engine Example

Creating a More Advanced Google App Engine Application

Creating a Windows Azure “Hello, World!” Application

Chapter Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Review

Chapter 19 Application Scalability

Reviewing the Load-Balancing Process

Designing for Scalability

Scaling Up, Scaling Out, or Both

Minimize Objects on Key Pages

Selecting Measurement Points

Analyze Your Database Operations

Evaluate Your System’s Data Logging Requirements

Revisit Your Service-Level Agreement

Capacity Planning Versus Scalability

Scalability and Diminishing Returns

Performance Tuning

Complication Is the Enemy of Scalability

Chapter Summary

Key Terms

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Chapter Review

Chapter 20 The Future of the Cloud

How the Cloud Will Change Operating Systems

Location-Aware Applications

Intelligent Fabrics, Paints, and More

The Future of Cloud TV

Future of Cloud-Based Smart Devices

Cloud and Mobile

How HTML5 Will Drive Mobile Applications

Faster Time to Market for Software Applications

Home-Based Cloud Computing

Chapter Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Review

Glossary of Key Terms

Index

Credits

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Preface

FOR YEARS, SOFTWARE DEVELOPERS and network administrators have used

the image of a cloud to represent the myriad of communication details that occur

as messages flow across the Internet from one computer network to another.

This cloud abstraction has now exploded to include processors, both physical

and virtual, data storage, software-as-a-service solutions, and mobile

applications. Today, cloud-based applications and new capabilities are emerging

daily and bringing with them lower cost of entry, pay-for-use processor and

data-storage models, greater scalability, improved performance, ease of

redundancy, and improved business continuity. With these advantages come

increased security challenges and IT-governance concerns. This book examines

these issues. As you will learn, two things are certain: The dynamic nature of the

cloud will continue and we have only just begun to scratch the cloud’s surface.

Chapter 1: Introducing Cloud Computing introduces the abstract nature of

cloud computing and the factors that led to its evolution. The chapter examines

software as a service (SaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), and infrastructure as a

service (IaaS) and includes real-world examples of each. The chapter discusses

the key advantages of cloud computing, including scalability, redundancy, low

cost of entry, and virtualization.

Chapter 2: Software as a Service (SaaS) examines browser-based SaaS

solutions and their advantages. The chapter features real-world solutions such as

SalesForce.com for customer relationship management, Taleo for human

resources solutions, ADT for SaaS-based payroll processing, and many others.

Chapter 3: Platform as a Service (PaaS) introduces cloud-based hardware and

software platforms which allow companies, large and small, to move their

applications to the cloud quickly and cost effectively. The chapter examines PaaS

providers such as Amazon, Google, and Microsoft.

Chapter 4: Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) introduces the concept of a

cloud-based data center which reduces or eliminates a company’s need for a

large in-house data center. Because of the IaaS provider’s economies of scale, it

can reduce a company’s cost of IT operations significantly.

Chapter 5: Identity as a Service (IDaaS) examines cloud-based

identity-management solutions that simplify user provisioning and resource

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access. With more solutions distributed across the cloud, IDaaS facilitates the

user’s sign-on process across solution providers.

Chapter 6: Data Storage in the Cloud examines the integration of cloud-based

data storage and the evolution of network-based storage, which led to its

creation. The chapter presents several cloud-based data storage solutions that

can be enabled at little or no cost. The chapter also examines several low-cost

turnkey based backup solutions.

Chapter 7: Collaboration in the Cloud looks at cloud-based technologies that

allow two or more users to work together to accomplish a task. The chapter

describes the evolution of collaboration technologies from instant messaging to

virtual meetings to shared documents that support simultaneous editing by

multiple users.

Chapter 8: Virtualization introduces hardware and software used to create the

perception that one or more entities exist, when they may not actually be

physically present. The chapter examines solutions for virtual servers, virtual

desktops, and virtual networks.

Chapter 9: Securing the Cloud examines the real-world security issues that

people (even some sophisticated IT users) are uncomfortable with when placing

their personal data, or their company’s data, in the cloud. The chapter examines

specific security threats and the measures that should be taken to minimize

them.

Chapter 10: Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity and the Cloud

discusses ways that the cloud and its redundant resources improve a company’s

ability to recover and continue to operate after a disaster or serious event. The

chapter examines common threats to business operations and some

cloud-computing solutions that can mitigate them.

Chapter 11: Service-Oriented Architecture looks at how the availability of

web-based services is changing how developers create programs and the speed

at which they can deploy solutions. The chapter examines a variety of real-world

web services that are available to programmers for integration into programs.

Chapter 12: Managing the Cloud examines the tasks a manager must perform

after a company migrates its applications to the cloud, including auditing logs,

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monitoring system performance, and identifying bottlenecks within the data

flow.

Chapter 13: Migrating to the Cloud discusses managerial considerations to be

evaluated before migrating to the cloud, such as avoiding vendor lock-in,

identifying remote data backup operations and security considerations,

preparing a budget, and integrating developer and user training.

Chapter 14: Mobile Cloud Computing evaluates whether mobile computing is

driving the growth of cloud computing or vice versa. The chapter examines the

“ecosystem” that is mobile computing as well as how HTML5 will change

computing models.

Chapter 15: Governing the Cloud discusses the role of IT governance and its

extensions for cloud-based computing. The chapter examines the need for and

ways to implement cloud-based internal controls.

Chapter 16: Evaluating the Cloud’s Business Impact and Economics

examines how the cloud’s economy of scale and pay-for-use model will

accelerate the ability for companies, large and small, to release cloud-based

solutions. The chapter also evaluates the cloud’s impact on operational and

capital expenses.

Chapter 17: Designing Cloud-Based Solutions discusses the fact that

developers will simply pick up and move many existing applications to the cloud.

In the future, however, developers should design cloud-based solutions to utilize

scalability and redundancy. The chapter examines many common design

considerations and ways the cloud will impact them.

Chapter 18: Coding Cloud-Based Applications looks at two PaaS providers,

Google Apps and Windows Azure, and implements cloud-based applications with

each. Developers will learn that creating and deploying cloud-based applications

is fast, easy, and inexpensive.

Chapter 19: Application Scalability examines how developers can scale

applications—vertically, by using faster processors or more powerful servers

and horizontally, by supporting the ability to distribute processing better. The

chapter looks at design considerations to be evaluated when designing

applications for scalability.

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Chapter 20: The Future of the Cloud examines ways the cloud will extend its

reach into cars, televisions, appliances, and even our clothes. By the end of the

chapter, readers will realize that we have just scratched the cloud’s surface.

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chapter 1

Introducing Cloud Computing FOR YEARS DEVELOPERS AND network administrators have represented the Internet within design documents as a cloud. By abstracting the Internet’s technologies and underlying protocols as simply a cloud, as shown in FIGURE 1-1, the developers could temporarily ignore the communication complexity and simply assume that messages would flow successfully from one Internet-connected network to another.

Learning Objectives

This chapter introduces cloud computing. By the time you finish this chapter, you will be able to do the following:

• Understand the abstract nature of cloud computing.

• Describe evolutionary factors of computing that led to the cloud.

• Describe virtualization at both the desktop and the server level.

• Describe and identify common cloud types, which include software as a service, platform as a service, and infrastructure as a service.

• Know how businesses and individuals use the cloud.

• Describe the benefits and disadvantages of cloud computing.

• Understand common security considerations with respect to the cloud.

• Describe ways cloud computing can improve system fault tolerance.

• Describe Web 2.0 and its relationship to cloud computing.

Today the term cloud computing describes the abstraction of web-based computers, resources, and services that system developers can utilize to implement complex web-based systems. Often these cloud-based resources are viewed as virtual, meaning that if a system or solution needs more resources, such as processors or disk space, the resources can simply be added on demand and usually transparently to the application that uses them. Through their virtual nature, cloud-based solutions can be scaled up or down in size, and the

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companies whose solutions reside in the clouds normally pay only for the resources they consume. Thus, companies that once relied on expensive data centers to house their processing resources can now shift their costs and maintenance efforts to pay-as-you-go, scalable, cloud-based alternatives.

FIGURE 1-1 For years developers and network administrators have represented the Internet as a cloud.

CASE 1-1 THE APPLE ICLOUD

Whether one is a PC user or a Mac evangelist, one must recognize Apple’s ability to introduce technology that changes industries and the way people work and communicate. Apple’s first entrée into the cloud was the iTunes virtual music store. Today iTunes offers millions of songs for download to PCs and Macs, as well as iPods, iPhones, iPads, and other handheld devices. More than just music on a web-based storage device, iTunes laid a foundation for scalable e-commerce, high-bandwidth download transactions, and user device independence.

Apple’s iCloud extends the company’s existing functionality by providing users with a cloud-based storage facility for their phones, music, videos, books, and other documents. Using iCloud as a centralized virtual storage facility, users can quickly exchange digital content among their various devices. In fact, users can customize the iCloud settings to make the file exchange seamless and automatic. In other words, if a user stores a digital file within iCloud, behind the scenes iCloud software will push the content to each of the user’s registered devices, as shown in FIGURE 1-2.

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FIGURE 1-2 Using iCloud, users can synchronize their content to a variety of devices.

Exercise What industries might iCloud disrupt? What business services do you anticipate Apple to offer in order to drive revenue through the iCloud?

Web Resources For more information on iCloud, see www.CloudBookContent.com/Chapter01/index.html.

Web 2.0 and the Cloud

For years, when companies wanted to place content on the web, they hired web developers, who created the underlying HTML documents. Through this process, the number of documents on the web exploded to billions worldwide. Web 2.0 is a term used to describe the set of tools and websites that allow users to publish content to the web without the direct use of HTML. Behind the scenes, the tools and sites build the HTML documents for the user and then upload the documents to a web server. TABLE 1-1 describes the common Web 2.0 applications.

TABLE 1-1 COMMON WEB 2.0 SITES AND APPLICATIONS

Application/Site Purpose

Blog A web log that users can write and use to publish content directly to the web.

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Wiki A software program that allows users to collaborate on shared web-based

documents.

Twitter A microblogging service that allows users to send messages of up to 140

characters to those who follow the users’ tweets.

Facebook A social networking site to which users can post text, photos, and

video-based content.

YouTube A site to which users can upload video content for sharing with others.

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FIGURE 1-3 Web 2.0 tools make it easy for users who do not possess web development skills to easily publish content on the web.

As shown in FIGURE 1-3, with Web 2.0 tools and sites, users essentially publish content directly to the cloud for access by other users.

Distinguishing Cloud Types

Cloud-based applications provide a wide range of solutions to a very large number of users. To help us analyze and describe cloud-based systems, many people refer to a cloud solution in terms of its deployment model and services model. These two terms originated within a cloud computing document from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), as shown in FIGURE 1-4.

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FIGURE 1-4 Users refer to cloud solutions based on the system’s deployment and services models.