Electronic product design engineering

ViolenceinMedievalEuropeM.TurpleHist307.32020-02-10Through the ending of the dark ages to the beginningof Medieval and early modern Europe, the institutional use of violence had become strewn as violent and barbaric, backwards in comparison to how we view the modern era.Stories of dismemberment, burning alive, and public executions fill the era with a negative connotation for law management. The criminal system of the Medieval era was dealt with in differing courts, the manorial court dealt with all petty crimes such as theft and left the more severe crimes to the King’s court1. The manorial court gathered several times a year and had all villagers attend lest they pay a fine. Dividing the men into groups of ten, a tithing, where they held each other accountable to bring those who’d committed crimes to court. The Lord’s steward was in charge of the court and processed the crimes to give adequate sentences based on the jury’s evidence and findings. In many ways it developed the law system we have currently, mimicking the role of the Steward is a judge, a jury is put in place, and a courtroom meeting is in place to determine the innocence and punishments of crimes. The Kings court was a different story, however, as it dealt with severe ordeals that are labelled as high crimes, or crimes against the king. These include assault, murder, and treason against the crown2. All of which are deemed an insult and crime against the kingdom. Punishments for the petty crimes of the manorial court were fines and humiliation to prevent a repeat of wrongdoings. 1Xavier Rousseaux, Crime, Justice and Society in Medieval and Early Modern Times: Thirty Years of Crime and Criminal Justice History,Crime, Histoire & Sociétés / Crime, History &Societies [Online], Vol. 1, n°1 | 1997, Online since 03 April 2009, connection on 30 April 2019, http:// journals.openedition.org/chs/1034, 972Rousseaux, Crime, Justice and Society in Medieval and Early Modern Times: Thirty Years of Crime and Criminal Justice History, 99
High crimes of more severity were met with banishment, dismemberment, hanging, mutilation through trials, and death by burning at the stake. The Kings court, in response to high crimes, was savage and brutal in handing out punishments, with violence being key in warding off and deterring any of the royal subjects from dabbling in crimes against the king. These public executions and horridly violent criminal punishments served a purposebeneficial to the realm where, as spoken by historian Johan Huizinga, the punishments were “Spectacular displays with a moral. For horrible crimes the law invented horrible punishments.”3. The belief held of criminal activity being a direct insult to the kingdom and the monarch within medieval Europe aided in the development of judicial cruelty and violence. To maintain social order, creatively malicious and heinous punishments were enacted to deter violence or criminal activity. Theuseofviolenceinthepunishmentsofthemedievaljusticesystemwasusedscarcelybutintensely,andcameasadeterrentforthesubjectsofEuropetocommitcriminalbehaviourastheactionsofpettycrimeswouldbemetwithhumiliation,butthebrutalityandhorroroftheutmostviolentpunishmentsbarredpossiblecriminalsfromdebatinghighcrimesorcrimesagainsttheking.3Sean Mcglynn, Violence and the Law in Medieval England: How Dangerous Was Life in the Middle Ages?,History Today, Vol. 58, No. 4, (April 2008) https://www.questia.com/magazine/1G1-177954050/violence-and-the-law-in-medieval-england-how-dangerous