Loading...

Messages

Proposals

Stuck in your homework and missing deadline? Get urgent help in $10/Page with 24 hours deadline

Get Urgent Writing Help In Your Essays, Assignments, Homeworks, Dissertation, Thesis Or Coursework & Achieve A+ Grades.

Privacy Guaranteed - 100% Plagiarism Free Writing - Free Turnitin Report - Professional And Experienced Writers - 24/7 Online Support

How to extract salicylic acid from willow bark

29/11/2021 Client: muhammad11 Deadline: 2 Day

Simple Synthesis of Aspirin Lab

By Alaysia Fox

CHM 304

January 23, 2020

Abstract

Aspirin is an over the counter, nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drug that can temporarily relieve symptoms such as migraines, aches, and pain. It can also prevent blood clots or reduce the risks of having a heart attack. In this experiment we used willow bark, ethanol, iron chloride, acetylsalicylic acid, salicylic acid, acetic acid, and an aspirin tablet in order to synthesize aspirin. Salicylic acid had the pH of 5 with lower acidity. Salicylic acid, is less acidic which means its less harmful to the stomach when compared to aspirin tablets because the tablet have higher acidity (pH 3) which can cause damage to the stomach lining if too acidic.

Introduction

With an estimated world-wide consumption of 40[thin space (1/6-em)]000 metric tons per year, aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) which was discovered in 1853, is still one of the most prominent and widely used medicines with an incredible spectrum of properties. 1 Apart from its exceptional analgesic, anti-pyretic, and anti-inflammatory properties, it is commonly used in the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. 2

Aspirin is typically administered via the oral route, but unfortunately possesses a number of undesired side effects in long-term use that are mainly related to its acidity and low bioavailability. Aspirin is only sparingly soluble in water (0.33 g in 100 mL) or in the acidic environment of the stomach, resulting in undissolved particles adhering to the gastrointestinal mucosea and causing topical irritation and gastric distress. 3 Once absorbed in the small intestine, acetylsalicylic acid is rapidly metabolized to its main metabolite salicylic acid , thereby irreversibly acetylating and inhibiting COX-1 oxygenase. 4 Like aspirin , salicylic acid itself is also part of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) family and is frequently found in a wide range of medical and cosmetic formulations such as skin-care products or sunscreens. 5 Apart from problems related to the poor solubility of aspirin , the bitter taste of acetylsalicylic acid is another major drawback, with the required dosage of aspirin leading to tablets that are notoriously hard to swallow.

Procedure

The experiment was completed in triplicate meaning steps done in well A1, were also done in B1 and C1. The materials used were a 24- well plate, pipettes, willow bark, litmus paper, ethanol, iron chloride, acetylsalicylic acid, salicylic acid, acetic acid and an aspirin tablet. In part 1 the procedure, consisted of the extraction of salicylic acid. In the first step of Part 1, A1 on the 24-well plate was half-filled with willow bark then the pipette was used to cover the bark with ethanol. A timer was set to 15 minutes to allow the bark to soak. In Part 2 of the experiment 0.5g of acetylsalicylic acid was added to well A2 on the 24-well plate. 50 drops of the ethanol was added with a pipette using the end of the pipette to stir after the ethanol was placed in all three wells. Thereafter each solution was then tested with litmus paper. In part 3 of the experiment, using a pipette one drop of iron chloride solution was added to the acetylsalicylic acid along with the salicylic acid mixtures in wells A2 and A3. In part 4 of the experiment a pipette was used to extract the ethanol from the willow bark in A1 once the 15 minutes were up. 5 drops of ethanol was added to well A4, then the ph was tested with the result of 5. Lastly 1 drop of iron chloride was added to well A1. In part 5 of the experiment using a pipette 5 drops of the willow bark ethanol was added to well A4 following 1drop of iron chloride and 15 drops of acetic acid then stirred with the end of the pipette. The observation was a strong vinegar like smell and brown color to the solution. In part 6 of the experiment an aspirin was crushed and weighed (2.24g). 0.25g of crushed aspirin was poured into well A6, and 50 drops of ethanol was added and stirred into well A6. The pH of the mixture was tested and resulted in pH4. Lastly one drop of iron chloride was added to the well changing the mixtures color from white to light yellow.

Results

The results for part 2 pH determination, acetylsalicylic acid in well A2 was 3. The pH of salicylic acid in well A3 was 3. The weight of acetylsalicylic acid in wells A1 was .53735 g, B2 was .5005 and C3 was .5020.The weight of salicylic acid in well A3 was .5049, well B3 WAS .5013, and well C3 was .5020. For part 3 the iron chloride test, the color of the acetylsalicylic acid solution was yellow in well A2 and the salicylic acid solution was dark purple in well A3.

For part 4 salicylic acid determination the pH of well A4 was 5. After 1 drop of iron chloride was added into the wells the solution turned from white clear to a light yellow color. For part 5 the synthesis of aspirin a strong smell of vinegar was produced after the acetic acid was added into well A5 cause a color change of brown. For part 6 comparison of aspirin tablets the pH of the mixture in well A6 was 4 and after 1 drop of iron chloride was added it turned into a yellowish white color.

Conclusion questions

Triplicate is having 3 copies of , experiments are done in triplicate so that if there is an error in the experiment all samples won’t be ruined and they are more likely to be correct with less room for error. Salicylic acid proved to be more irritating to the stomach due to the higher pH compared to the weak pH of the aspirin. The chemical structure of salicylic acid is (CH6O3) and acetylsalicylic acid is (C9H8O4). The salicylic acid and the salicylic acid that was extracted from the willow bark differ in acidity because of the extraction method used to get the salicylic acid from the willow bark. The salicylic acid had the pH of 3 and the willow bark had a pH of 6. The aspirin synthesis was successful because the color change and odor indicated a chemical reaction. The synthesized aspirin compares to the aspirin tablet because they both contain salicylic acid. In conclusion salicylic acid is and active ingredient in willow bark and aspirin but the willow bark solution had a pH of 6 making it the least acidic compared the aspirin tablet which had a pH of 4.

Figures/ Tables

Image result for aspirin chemical equation

References

Bica, Katharina, et al. "In search of pure liquid salt forms of aspirin: ionic liquid approaches with acetylsalicylic acid and salicylic acid." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 12.8 (2010): 2011-2017.

“Simple Synthesis of Aspirin Lab Handout”

Homework is Completed By:

Writer Writer Name Amount Client Comments & Rating
Instant Homework Helper

ONLINE

Instant Homework Helper

$36

She helped me in last minute in a very reasonable price. She is a lifesaver, I got A+ grade in my homework, I will surely hire her again for my next assignments, Thumbs Up!

Order & Get This Solution Within 3 Hours in $25/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 3 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

Order & Get This Solution Within 6 Hours in $20/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 6 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

Order & Get This Solution Within 12 Hours in $15/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 12 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

6 writers have sent their proposals to do this homework:

Top Rated Expert
Fatimah Syeda
Homework Master
Write My Coursework
Professor Smith
Professional Coursework Help
Writer Writer Name Offer Chat
Top Rated Expert

ONLINE

Top Rated Expert

I will provide you with the well organized and well research papers from different primary and secondary sources will write the content that will support your points.

$30 Chat With Writer
Fatimah Syeda

ONLINE

Fatimah Syeda

I will be delighted to work on your project. As an experienced writer, I can provide you top quality, well researched, concise and error-free work within your provided deadline at very reasonable prices.

$28 Chat With Writer
Homework Master

ONLINE

Homework Master

This project is my strength and I can fulfill your requirements properly within your given deadline. I always give plagiarism-free work to my clients at very competitive prices.

$15 Chat With Writer
Write My Coursework

ONLINE

Write My Coursework

I can assist you in plagiarism free writing as I have already done several related projects of writing. I have a master qualification with 5 years’ experience in; Essay Writing, Case Study Writing, Report Writing.

$27 Chat With Writer
Professor Smith

ONLINE

Professor Smith

I have assisted scholars, business persons, startups, entrepreneurs, marketers, managers etc in their, pitches, presentations, market research, business plans etc.

$23 Chat With Writer
Professional Coursework Help

ONLINE

Professional Coursework Help

I am a professional and experienced writer and I have written research reports, proposals, essays, thesis and dissertations on a variety of topics.

$28 Chat With Writer

Let our expert academic writers to help you in achieving a+ grades in your homework, assignment, quiz or exam.

Similar Homework Questions

Hilton annual report 2013 - Ncsbn pearson vue login - Thomas and kilmann conflict mode instrument pdf - What is an interpretive text - Http www fordham edu halsall index asp - New zealand postcode finder - How many electrons are in a neutral beryllium atom - Lanschool tech console download - Nani poem by alberto rios - Sullivan nicolaides sunshine coast - Eso error 102 invalid metafile - APN discussion week 1 - Fast inverse square root - Next week super discount airlines has a flight - Chapter 3 the world marketplace business without borders - Projectile motion hypothesis - Discussion - Urimat waterless urinal cartridge - Aspen guidelines for acute pancreatitis - Nature trail comprehension answers - Food record chart hospital - Womens health soap note - Powerpoints in bathrooms regulations - White blood cell count 36000 - Ocr nationals ict level 2 - Paradox macbeth act 1 scene 1 - 2400000 in standard form - Society quetions Sociology 101 - Whippers pizza augusta maine menu - Reply to discussion- EVA nur501 - Prior service cost journal entry - Grantham university scam - Worksheet 3 solution solute solvent soluble answers - Unit 10 health and social care level 3 p4 - Chase bank hoboken 14th street - Describe and evaluate the behaviourist approach - Sydney water sewerage diagram - Which social insight does orwell develop in the passage - Common proper and possessive nouns - Tom mccahill cause of death - Ables betta electrical gladesville - Discussion for Module 7: Organizational Controls - Generate Perfect Photos at No Cost Using DALLE Ai - Deny thy father and refuse thy name literary device - Monitoring toddlers and technology is a concern because - Spine stretch pilates exercise - Markup is measured either as a percentage of ____ or a percentage of ____. - Alexander the great quote - Ilearn health qld gov au - Walking with the wind john lewis sparknoteswalking with the wind john lewis sparknotes - Jk rowling harvard speech analysis - Word keyboard shortcuts paste unformatted text - Annotated Bibliography - Musical Analysis - Discussion 3 - Nursing - Famous last lines of novels - The practice of statistics solutions manual pdf - Peter's laws sociopathic obsessive compulsive poster - Tutor - Brisbane river boating map - Describe the history and evolution of healthcare economics - ^786^ Love Marriage sPECIALIST +91-8529590991 Molvi ji - Social workers ethical responsibilities to colleagues - Flight of harmony imp - Webspace ship edu cgboer platoscave - Essay - Two eigenvalues of a 3x3 matrix - The mask you live in discussion questions - Virtualization - Popped secret the mysterious origin of corn answer sheet - What is in floraspring - A small town is served by many competing supermarkets - Ultrasonic jewellery cleaner good guys - Click and learn virus explorer answers - East calder health centre - Thermo king code 63 - Running the disk defragmenter utility will ________ - Jekyll and hyde setting - Does technology make us more alone persuasive essay - Evaluate the conduct of peter lewiston - Primary Document Analysis - External and Internal Environments - Security and data loss prevention - Physics ohm's law lab report - Frl 264 relay datasheet - Marketing Plan for Riverside Health System - Discussion Post - Silver sulfide soluble or insoluble - Https www thebalance com brexit consequences 4062999 - Grant and lee a study in contrasts - Determination of the copper content in a brass sample - 3g kpi parameters pdf - What is inappropriate communication - Green computing project - Nurs340Case Study - The genotype yy is an example of - Ethica and Legal Aspects of Nursing Practice week 7 DQ 12 - If good why do i yield to that suggestion - Information Governance discussion 5