Research on the impact of moods on tasks that involve considerable cognitive demands suggests that:

Question 1

Research on the impact of moods on tasks that involve considerable cognitive demands suggests that:

positive moods result in better performance.

negative moods result in better performance.

a person's mood doesn’t really make a difference on his or her tasks.

there is a curvilinear relationship between mood and tasks requiring high cognitive demands.

Question 2

In the rational model, the decision maker strives to:

satisfice.

optimize.

select the alternative agreeable to the majority.

apply a heuristic.

Question 3

An organization should practice or provide all of the following except ________ if it wants to encourage employee creativity.

close supervision

participative decision making

peer support

flexible organizational structure

Question 4

The model of bounded rationality was first proposed by ________.

Victor Vroom

Phillip Yetton

Herbert Simon

Carl Jung

Question 5

Heuristics are:

algorithms based on complex decision making.

complex decision rules used in complex situations.

shortcuts in decision making that save mental activity.

mathematical approaches to decision making.

Question 6

A group decision technique that facilitates expert input by using a panel of experts is ________.

the nominal group technique

dialectical inquiry

brainstorming

the Delphi technique

Question 7

Which of the following is a characteristic of quality teams?

They provide advice to managers who still retain decision-making authority.

They operate in parallel fashion to an organization's structure.

They emphasize the generation of ideas.

They make data-based decisions about improving products.

Question 8

According to research, which of the following decision-making models portrays the managerial decision process more realistically?

The rational model

The garbage can model

The bounded rationality model

The incremental model

Question 9

In the context of types of creativity, which of the following is NOT a type of creativity?

Responsive

Expected

Contributory

Reactive

Question 10

The rational model of decision making assumes:

preferences of the decision maker are inconsistent.

that all possible alternatives can't be known to decision makers.

that outcomes can't be optimized.

that the decision maker can calculate the probability of success for alternatives.

Question 11

The fourth step in the Z model of problem solving is:

data collection.

problem diagnosis.

impact analysis.

objective analysis of alternatives.

Question 12

Continuing to support a failing course of action is known as:

the theory of sunk costs.

the Z problem solving model.

conflicted reason theory.

escalation of commitment.

Question 13

All of the following are characteristics of a nonprogrammed decision situation except:

complex.

routine.

unstructured.

new.

Question 14

The final step in the decision-making process is:

implementation.

exploring alternatives.

feedback and monitoring.

selecting a course of action.

Question 15

A key organizational requirement for participation in decision making includes:

organizational politics.

a workforce consisting of individuals with low self-esteem.

a supportive organizational culture.

people with individual motivation.

Question 16

________ is power that is based on an agent’s ability to cause the target to have an unpleasant experience.

Legitimate power

Referent power

Coercive power

Social power

Question 17

Empowerment can be thought about as being related to the job dimensions of:

content and variety.

autonomy and variety.

context and autonomy.

content and context.

Question 18

The range in which attempts to influence the employee are perceived as legitimate and are acted on without a great deal of thought is known as:

the principal/agent range.

agency theory.

the zone of indifference.

congruency.

Question 19

According to Kanter's perspective on power, which of the following is a symbol of powerlessness?

Making external attributions

Exceeding budget limitations

Loose supervision of subordinates

Delegating jobs and tasks

Question 20

McClelland has found that managers who use power successfully have four power-oriented characteristics. Which of the following is one of these characteristics?

Belief in delegation of authority

Preference for work and discipline

Putting personal needs before the company

Ability to get placements for favored employees

Question 21

________ refers to actions not officially sanctioned by an organization that are taken to influence others in order to meet one’s personal goals.

Altruism

Standing by

Political behavior

External attributions

Question 22

McClelland's two faces of power include:

coercive and rewarding powers.

legitimate and illegitimate powers.

personal and social powers.

interpersonal and intrapersonal powers.

Question 23

Korda's symbols of power focus on:

the ability to help others.

status.

access to information.

personality.

Question 24

Which of the following types of power would a Machiavellian manager rely on?

Social power

Information power

Personal power

Referent power

Question 25

In the context of the employee empowerment grid, ________ represents a situation that is typical of autonomous work groups that have some decision-making power over both job content and job context.

participatory empowerment

task setting

mission defining

self-management

Question 26

Enlarging an individual’s zone of indifference is best accomplished through:

authority.

politics.

power.

leverage.

Question 27

In the context of the four dimensions of empowerment, ________ is the belief that one’s job makes a difference within the organization.

meaning

competence

self-determination

impact

Question 28

Which of the following sets of dimensions comprises the essence of empowerment?

Teamwork, delegation, trust, and autonomy

Meaning, teamwork, competence, and trust

Delegation, trust, competence, and autonomy

Meaning, competence, self-determination, and impact

Question 29

All of the following are considered a key dimension for being politically skillful except:

social astuteness.

networking ability.

interpersonal influence.

manipulativeness.

Question 30

Which of the following personality characteristics is central to empowerment?

Locus of control

Emotional stability

Self-esteem

Self-efficacy